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The article examines the evidence on hominid phylogeny primarily from amino acid sequences. It will also consider how well this sequence evidence is supported by immunological and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) data. These evidences include the relevant biochemical data that are taken from proteins and DNA, which are macromolecules that are extremely dense in genetic information and thus uniquely suited for mapping the genealogical relationships of species. Furthermore, this literature also reviews the efforts of many biochemical laboratories in discovering the sequences of various proteins in a range of primates and other species.

The article discusses the problems of hydrology and plant distribution in mires. early concepts of the causes of differences in mire vegetation are inadequate in situations where the ground water is mobile. Many mires are said to be traversed by water tracks, whose characteristic vegetation appears to differs from that of the mire expanse because of the greater rate of horizontal movement of water through the peat of the tracks. the physical basis of such movement may be correlated with differences in the amplitude of oscillations in water table height. Present evidence suggests that aeration effects are probably secondary.

The article introduces some new classes of tests of randomness in plant distributions. The new tests involve only measurements from random sample points to plants. Their distributions are independent of the density of plants on the null hypothesis and on a wide class of alternatives. The tests are responsive to departures from randomness in an easily interpretable way. The ratio test is based on the sample mean of the ratio. While the correlation test is based on the sample correlation coefficient.

The article presents a study about the distributional pattern of Primula scotica in relation to its ecological amplitude. It examines the environmental changes in the past that have affected the reduction in the size of the area occupied by the plant. The study also analyzed the significance of seed dispersal and the availability of suitable habitats in order to determine the distribution. The natural barriers to the extension of the size of area occupied by P. scotica, including the prevalence of moorland and peat-bog vegetation and the insularity of localities, are discussed.

The article discusses the correlation between macro-distribution and micro-distribution of plant communities using the formulated "Geo-ecological Law of Distribution." Accordingly, the specific topographical distribution or micro-distribution of an ecotypic plant species or of a plant community is a parallel function of its general geographical distribution or macro-distribution. Furthermore, this two factors received special consideration including in genetic and historic factors. In addition, figures are also presented which shows the rapid changes in vegetation within three phytogeographical regions in a short distance.

The article provides information on the phytogeography and flora of the Mountain Summit Plateaux in Tasmania. It states that the vegetation of the area is very homogenous in character, relatively poor in species. It cites that the flowering season on the region's different mountains varies according to its latitude and season, of which the predominant flower colors are yellow to white and pink to red. In the Tasmanian mountains, herbaceous plants are more conspicuous by its absence than its presence under prevailing Austral-montane and sub-Antarctic conditions. It highlights the chief plant associations that are taken serially from the highest points downwards.

The article discusses the significant role played by geographic speciation in naming North American ferns, including the taxonomic problems that could likely occur in naming complex plant species where geography has had a major evolutionary role. The author points out that geographic speciation is one of the most important factors in developing a classification that indicates the evolution of a group. Meanwhile, he claims that the taxonomic position of the southern elements of circumpolar fern species need further investigation to verify their present status and to assess their role in the evolutionary history of the species.