LABOR movement, HISTORICAL source material, CENSUS, LABOR laws, AUSTRALIAN politics & government, to 1900
Abstract
The article presents the second part of an exploration into the legal history of the Australian colonies before 1900 regarding evidence of political interest in labor organization and legal protection. In this segment focus is given to the laws of New South Wales. Multiple lists of citations and primary sources are given, including immigration data, formal censuses from 1856 to 1894, and publications of annual statistics concerning railway, public services, and working class conditions. Additional surveys of specific legislative acts are also given.
The article discusses the marketing of sugar in Australia. According to the author, sugar is the oldest of Australia's subsidized exports. He notes that the country's handling of the sugar trade is an example of statutory marketing control. The author discusses the formation of body called the Sugar Board to handle the country's marketing of sugar. According to the author, the board buys all of the raw cane sugar grown in Queensland and New South Wales, sets maximum wholesale, manufacturing and retail selling prices for various sugar products and provides sugar for export.
The article discusses the economic growth of New South Wales and Victoria. It focuses on the implementation of tariffs in these regions for the protection of domestic industries. While Victoria had adopted the protective system earlier, New South Wales strictly sticks to a tariff for revenue only. The growth of population has been more rapid in New South Wales than in Victoria. It discusses the tariff systems in both the areas and concludes that a protective tariff will not work in all cases and may be beneficial for only some industries.
The article reports on the demographic treatment of density data for Danthonia cespitosa Gaudich and Chloris acicularis Lindl, two indigenous perennial grasses of differing ecological status in cropped and protected semi-arid grassland in New South Wales, Australia. It also mentions the difference in phenology between the two grasses, Danthonia cespitosa being an opportunist in its vegetative growth and responding to rain in all seasons, while Chloris acicularis is inactive in winter and depends on effective summer rain for both vegetative and reproductive growth.
The article offers a research on mangrove swamp and salt marsh communities of the Sydney district. The research aims to explain the wide variation in distinctiveness of zonation of the dominant plant species occurring in the mangrove swamps and salt marsh communities of the district. It describes the variation in vegetation pattern and species composition between different localities. It also presents details of soil profile characteristics, particle size distribution, loss on ignition, field moisture content, bulk density, cation exchange capacity, infiltration by water and pH.