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Treatment of illness in the Admiralty Islands was related to the assignment of illness to one of four main categories: (1) interpersonal, soul damage by extra-human agents, (2) interpersonal, cursing within group, (3) interpersonal, sorcery outside of group, and (4) impersonal, organic damage by an immanent impersonal agent. The first two causal assignments persist as explanations for illness with implications for traditional cures in every instance. Three and four vary inversely with one another in priority of resort to native or European curative practices. This paper offers an analysis of factors in the allocation of cases between European (acculturative) and native (counter-acculturative) curative agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing abundance of therapeutic alternatives can present exceedingly complex sequences of medical treatment decisions and treatment plans. Extensive and systematic clinical treatment evaluation, which necessarily involves the aid of electronic computers, is indicated in the solution to these problems. The primary purpose of this paper is to discuss precise mathematical formulations of these problems and to describe computer aids to their solution. First, the use of dynamic programming is discussed as an approach to the mathematical formulation of the diagnostic-treatment cycle. Then the use of Bayes' formula will be discussed as an aid to the collection of treatment-evaluation data. Finally, a computer system for an outpatient clinic is described. It is important to note that although we suggest basic mathematical characterizations of these problems, each particular medical specialty, and frequently each particular treatment, requires specific adaptations of the methods in order to take care of special problems that frequently arise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many scientific investigations, it is desired to bring together, or link, two or more documents which represent the same individual, even though these documents do not contain a unique identifier and were derived from different sources. In medical and public health research and elsewhere, this problem is known as the document linkage problem. This paper considers some aspects of classifying pairs of documents into one of two populations when their items are identifying information, where each item of information can take on three distinct values correct, incorrect or missing. Section I identifies three document linkage problems. Sections 2 and 3 deal with the mathematical formulation of the multivariate document linkage problem. Section 4 gives the classification procedure and Section 5 deals with the application of the theory to a problem in the field of public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a profile of scientist Philip Levine. He was born in Kletsk, Russia, and was educated in the U.S. from an early age. The scientist has been associated with the Ortho Research Foundation in New Jersey and had conducted research in the field of immunohemotology. He is popular for his discovery of the human Rh antigen, a blood factor, which is important in clinical medicine. His numerous achievements are highlighted, which includes the succesful Wisconsin law sponsored by him, which granted courts the authority to order blood tests in cases of paternity disputes.

This section presents a list of books and papers about the therapeutics of infancy and childhood.

Questions associated with developing a therapeutic technology are considered. A review of the research concerning the outcome of social work treatment is presented with respect to two client populations. Differences in types of treatment employed with each population are considered. Finally, given the population and the type of therapeutic intervention, issues are raised and evaluations made about the adequacy of outcome research in the particular area of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the techniques and instruments in the implementation of mental hygiene diagnosis and therapy. Mental hygiene has already progressed from the earlier pathological emphasis on cure of mental disorders to their prevention. Furthermore, diagnosis and therapy are now interrelated in the process of improving an individual's mental health and several methods are now applied through the application of tests, autobiography, and projective techniques. Advances in medical technology has led to the greater emphasis on the individualization of therapy. There are several therapeutic approaches such as: (1) consultation and suggestion therapy; (2) change of environment as treatment; (3) educational therapy; (4) group activities as a method of psychotherapy; (5) therapy through the medium of play; (6) art therapy; and (7) occupational therapy. Finally, the emphasis on the studying personality as a process, adapting treatment to individual differences, recognizing the subtle influence of the therapist's personality, and understanding developmental trends in adjustment, has been the most important aspects in mental hygiene practices.

Studies of the precipitation of normal human serum by the kidney bean phytohaemagglutinin, Phaseolus vulgaris (PHA), showed that the main serum components involved were α1-macroglobulin, β-lipoproteins and γM immunoglobulins. Preparations of α1-glycoprotein, orosomucoid and some γA immunoglobulins were also precipitated by PHA. Antisera prepared against the PHA-NHS precipitate recognized α2-macroglobulin, β-lipoproteins and γM immunoglobulins, γG immunoglobulins and at least four other unidentified antigens in the β and α regions. PHA did not react with B or A, O blood group substances. Concanavalin A, a jack bean agglutinin, precipitated the same proteins which were precipitated by Phaseolus vulgaris PHA but a Dolichos biflorus extract did not rcact witil human serum, incomplete chemical studies of this interaction suggested that even though the same serum proteins were precipitated by Concanavalin A and PHA, the sugar specificity, if involved, is different for both lectins. Incomplete studies of the component or components of PHA involved in the PHA-NHS interaction suggested that three cathodally migrating proteins were recognized by both the antisera to PHA and to the precipitate formed by PHA and normal human serum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]