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full color by region and country., Full color copy of the first atlas made in the United States to employ standard color on the maps; while the Carey 1795 American Atlas and the Carey 1811 General Atlas list color as an option on the title page, we have never seen any copies of a pre 1814 Carey atlas with original color - they may exist, but would be rare - color was first employed as standard in this 1814 edition - all copies that we have seen have been colored. The 1814 edition is almost entirely new, with most of the maps reengraved. The 1804 edition before this was essentially the same as the 1795 first edition. This 1815 edition changes two maps from the 1814 edition: North Carolina and the Russian Empire. The preface remains dated March 17th, 1814, the same as the 1814 edition preface. This 1815 edition should probably be called the 2.5 edition even though Carey does not label it as such, because Carey calls the 1818 edition the third edition and we call the 1814 edition the 2.0 edition. The Map of the United States is an updated copy of the U.S. map engraved by Henry Tanner that appeared in the first edition of Melish's Travels In the United States, published in 1812. A second Map of the United States of America by H.S. Tanner is tipped in after the standard U.S. map. It is from Tanner's 1812 College Atlas (see our 12139.009). Bound in quarter leather, brown paper covered boards. From Ruderman description: "An Extraordinary Full Original Color / Extra-Illustrated Example With An Important American Provenance The First Atlas in the United States With Standard Color on the Maps With Important Maps of the West (Including Texas) Beginning in 1814, Mathew Carey introduced several significant innovations to Carey's General Atlas. These included a new set of plates, replacing those in use since 1794-'96 in his American Atlas, General Atlas for Gutherie's Geography, and General Atlas. In addition, for the first time in America, Carey offered the atlas in original outline color, making it one of the earliest American color plate books and the first American Atlas to employ hand coloring. The present example, unlike the standard outline color, is offered here in full original wash color. This is only the second complete example of the atlas we have seen in full original color. In addition, the present example includes an extra map, A Map of the United States by H.S. Tanner, which was likely first issued in about 1822 or 1823 and intended to be folded into William Darby’s Universal Gazetteer, although the present example shows no signs of having been folded into another book. The present example bears an imprint date of 1815, which is also extremely rare. The maps in Carey's General Atlas represented a significant step forward in American cartographic content. Of particular note here is the map of the Missouri Territory, which incorporates recent information from Lewis & Clark (see below). Interestingly, this atlas was published 1814, the same year as the first edition of the official History of the Expedition under the Command of Captains Lewis and Clark (Philadelphia, 1814), with its famous and influential map of Western America. In fact, Matthew Carey had published Patrick Gass's journal, the first book length work stemming from the Lewis & Clark expedition, in 1810: Carey's interest in geography and exploration ran deep and helped shape both his own writing as well as the titles he published. Significant in Carey's connection to the Lewis and Clark Expedition was his publication of Thomas Jefferson's Notes on the State of Virginia (1794)... containing a "Map of Virginia" by Samuel Lewis...Carey also hired Samuel Lewis, a skilled cartographer who later redrew William Clark's map of the American West... - The Literature of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, page 98. Carey is also considered America's first commercial publisher. In the lower margin of the first page of Carey's Prefatory Remarks is printed: (Price Fifteen Dollars), a princely sum in 1814 for an atlas or any book! Rumsey (4577) says of the 1814 edition of Carey's General Atlas: The first atlas made in the United States to employ standard color on the maps; while the Carey 1795 American Atlas and the Carey 1811 General Atlas list color as an option on the title page, we have never seen any copies of a pre 1814 Carey atlas with original color - they may exist, but would be rare - color was first employed as standard in this 1814 edition - all copies that we have seen have been colored. This edition is almost entirely new, with most of the maps reengraved. The 1804 edition before this was essentially the same as the 1795 first edition. The preface is dated March 17th, 1814. This edition should probably be called the second edition even though Carey does not label it as such, because Carey calls the 1818 edition the third edition. The Map of the United States is an updated copy of the U.S. map engraved by Henry Tanner that appeared in the first edition of Melish's Travels In the United States, published in 1812. This issue is late 1814. See our early 1814 for differences. Bound in quarter leather, brown paper covered boards. Likely Used by Fur Traders This 1814 Carey's General Atlas is among the small group of maps and atlases that Alson J. Smith has suggested were likely used by the fur traders and mountain men in their early western explorations in the West during the 1820s: Other maps of the day which the young partners [i.e. General Ashley, Jedidiah Smith, David Jackson, and William L. Sublette] may have had spread out before them on a rude table in a tent (Jedidiah Smith usually carried one) or an Indian lodge, with the drunken revelry of the rendezvous sounding about them, were M. Carey's General Atlas, Philadelphia, 1814 - Alson J. Smith, Men Against the Mountains, page 46. Samuel Lewis's map of Missouri Territory Formerly Louisiana - Freshly Influenced by Lewis and Clark: Lewis and Clark influence is apparent on the Upper Missouri and also along the Columbia. Missouri Territory extends west to the Pacific Coast, its probable northern and southern boundaries being shown by colored dotted lines. The northern line runs easterly from Mr. Rainier and includes most of the Columbia watershed, thence north of the Missouri drainage and including that of the Assiniboin (with its large lake), thence east to Lake of the Woods and south to the head of the Mississippi, which then forms the eastern boundary. The southern line leaves the coast just north of F. S. Francisco (whose Bay is not shown), thence easterly and slightly north of the headwaters of the Rio Grande, following south along the ridge east of that stream, southeast to the head of the Colorado (of Texas) and down that stream to the Gulf of Mexico at St. Bernardo B. The State of Louisiana (admitted 1812) appears near the north of the Mississippi - Wheat, Mapping the Transmississippi West 315. Mexico or New Spain (including Texas) Matthew Carey's double-page engraved map of Mexico includes Texas and New Mexico, and it is among the first regional maps of the Southwest and Mexico to be published in an American atlas. Published in the midst of Mexico's War of Independence (1809-1821), the map appears at a fascinating time in Mexico's history. Of note is that vast portion of Northern Texas, which is left blank, extending nearly to the Rio Grande River. As described below, this is almost certainly a direct result of the then raging political question over whether the United States had acquired Texas as part of the Louisiana Purchase (discussed below), in addition to the paucity of information available to mapmakers for a region which is here so conspicuously blank. Carey's map reflects the information from Alexander von Humboldt's seminal map of Mexico but pre-dates Pike's explorations. The map extends north to show Lake Timpanogos and covers most of Colorado and New Mexico, as well as providing details in Texas, including the naming of Bejax, Cibola, Provincia, S Josef, Nuestra Sra del Rosario, Galveston Bay, and the name Texas itself. The details along the Rio Grande and in Southern Arizona is also excellent. Historical Context of Carey's Mexico Map Carey's map was produced at time when the question of ownership of what would become Texas and New Mexico were still very much in dispute. In 1803 the United States acquired Louisiana from Napoleon Bonaparte, with the understanding that the purchase covered all territory ceded by France to Spain in 1762 and then back to France in 1800. As the line between France and Spain in the New World had never been clearly established, Thomas Jefferson's administration seized the opportunity to make the most of its claim to a vast, uninhibited, and largely unexplored land. Jefferson's vision is clearly reflected in the exploratory expeditions commissioned in the years immediately following the Louisiana Purchase. Within a few years of the purchase, Jefferson had authorized 4 expeditions to explore the newly acquired Territory. While the Lewis & Clark Expedition focused on the Northwestern portions the United States, the remaining 3 expeditions, The Dunbar Expedition (1804-1805), the Pike Expedition (1806-1807), and Red River (or Freeman-Custis) Expedition (1806) were all focused on lands that were the subject of competing Spanish claims, provoking diplomatic incidents as a result of American incursions into the disputed territory. While Jefferson's agents were busy testing the elastic boundaries of the Louisiana Purchase, the Spaniards were not idle. Wary of their new neighbor and fearful for their vulnerable possessions in Texas and New Mexico, Spanish officials in New Orleans and beyond hastened to establish their line of demarcation. The matter became even more complex when in December of 1803, the French Prefect of Louisiana, Pierre Clement de Laussat, declared that the western boundary of the Louisiana Purchase lay at the Rio Grande. In 1806, a military agreement was entered into between General James Wilkinson of the United States Army and General Simon Herrera of the Spanish forces, making the country between the Arroyo Hondo and the Sabine River temporarily neutral ground, over which neither the United States nor Spain should exercise political jurisdiction. The agreement was generally observed by both countries; the United States took possession of territory as far west as Natchitoches, while Spain maintained a small garrison at its eastern outpost, Nacogdoches. President Jefferson was convinced as early as 1804 that the territory included in the Louisiana Purchase extended to the Rio Grande. His insistence upon this and his efforts to promote the exploration of the western territory (to some of which Spain claimed unquestionable right), and the border dispute in the Sabine-Red River region, temporarily settled by the Wilkinson-Herrera agreement, brought the United States and Spain near to hostilities. Following a royal order issued in May 1805, Jose de Iturrigaray, the viceroy of New Spain, in January 1806, named Fray Melchior de Talamantes chief of an historical commission created to ascertain from all available sources the true boundaries of the provinces of Texas and Louisiana, before the latter was ceded to Spain in 1762. However, the arrest and deposition of Iturrigaray and the subsequent arrest of Talamantes for his separatist views by the Audiencia of Mexico in September 1808, interrupted the work of this commission. The following month, the Viceroy ad interim, Pedro de Garibay, appointed Fray Doctor Jose Antonio Pichardo (1748-1812), of the congregation of the Oratory of San Felipe Neri, to determine the historic limits of Louisiana and Texas. Over the next four years, Pichardo compiled a monumental defense of Spain's traditional Louisiana boundary with France. Pichardo's treatise was constructed as an argumentative historical treatise, intended to survey and describe "the true limits of the provinces of Louisiana and Texas." The purpose of the Treatise was to respond to and to disprove the claim of the United States that Texas was included in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. To augment his final report, Father Pichardo then created an elaborate new map, using only the most trustworthy sources--primarily the maps of Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville, a celebrated French geographer whom he regarded very highly, which he augmented with manuscript maps in the Spanish archives. Finally, the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 resolved the land ownership dispute by conceding the validity of Spain's Claims to Texas and the lands east of the Rio Grande, in exchange for Spain's abandonment of its historical claims to Oregon and Florida. North America According to Wheat the North America map is based on much earlier work (compared to the aforementioned Missouri Territory map); he points to its many striking geographic affinities to the North America maps by Tanner (1812) and Lucas (1812). The map includes nice pre-Lewis & Clark information in the Transmississippi West. The "Columbia or River of the West" flows to the R. Oregan, a vestige from the first half of the 18th Century, with a short portage over to a tributary of the Upper Mississippi River. A wide open, convenient passage through the Rocky Mountains accommodates this unusual feature. Apacheria is shown, along with the Pimas, Yuma and other Indian Tribes. On the West Coast, most of the major California harbors are shown, including San Pedro. The Rocky Mountains are still largely unknown south of the Canadian Border. A number of Indian Tribes located. The Northwest Coast reflects the recent discoveries of Vancouver and La Perouse. Decorative swash letter title. Illustrates the still naïve engraving style of American mapmakers in the early 19th Century. One of the most interesting atlas maps of North America from this period. Early American Map Showing Capt. Cook's Discoveries in the Pacific Carey's map of Cook's Discoveries in the Pacific and Hearn's discoveries west of the Hudson, in search of the Arctic Sea, represents one of the earliest appearances of Cook in a map published in America. Excellent conjectural NW Coast of America, predating Vancouver's voyage. Sandwich Islands are shown. Cook's route in each of the years is shown, as is Hearn's trek to the Arctic Sea. Summary In sum, a cornerstone American atlas issued at a critical moment in western borderlands history, by America's first commercial publisher. Provenance: Dr. Thomas Chalkey James (1766 - 1835) The atlas is from the original contents of Dawesfield, Lewis Lane, Ambler, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania - an iconic American farmhouse built by Abraham Dawes and by descent through generations of the female line. It served as the Revolutionary Headquarters of General George Washington from 20th October until 2nd November, 1777. The book is from the personal library of Dr. Thomas Chalkey James (1766 - 1835) (signature on front pastedown) who was married to Hannah née Morris. Dr James was a Philadelphia physician and joined the staff of Pennsylvania hospital. In 1810 he was elected professor of midwifery at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr James was a member of the American Philosophical Society, the librarian of the College of Physicians and a founder of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. Adams, April 1, 2024 (including approximately 80 lots from Dawesfield House, of which 28 lots were from the Library of Thomas Chalkey James. Rarity The 1815 edition is extremely rare. ", P722, 1372.

Hand color map Asia and part of Africa. Relief shown by hachures. Prime meridian: Paris. Includes a wind rose., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

Hand color map of the Dutch Indies, the Philippines, Southeast Asia, Spice Islands and the Northern Part of Australia. Relief shown by hachures. Includes table and color coded reference to European colonies., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

Hand color map. Shows political boundaries and possessions of European in South Asia. Relief shown by hachures. Includes explanation., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

Hand color map. Shows political boundaries, roads and railroads. Relief shown by hachures. Includes color coded reference., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

1 hand color map on 2 sheets. Southern part of East Asia. Title from sheet 39. Shows political boundaries. Relief shown by hachures., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

Hand color map. Insets:Sinai -- Golfe de Suez -- Cross section of the Palestine from the source of the Jordan to the Red Sea -- Panoramic view of the mountains of Palestine -- Jeusalem d'apres le plan de G. Williams. Covers portions of Israel, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon. Shows roads and trails. Relief shown by hachures. Includes tables and text., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

Composite map of sheets 38-39: Asie Orientale., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

"This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson and Dasa Pahor, 2020)