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The Crowe Family Papers includes materials relating to the life of John Finley Crowe, Hanover College, the Presbyterian Church, and the Crowe Family, dated 1811-1948. The collection contains business and family correspondence, historical accounts, journals, sermons, lecture notes, and photographs. Topics discussed throughout the collection include God, faith, Hanover College business, Presbyterian business, slavery, family, 19th century social customs, family dealings and workings. Some highlights of the collection include the following: John Finley Crowe's 'History of Hanover College;' John Finley Crowe's family biography; John Finley Crowe's sons' Civil War journals.

The parish administrative board--the Session--is an interactional group according to the operational definition as advanced by Gibb, Proshansky and Seidenberg. As a group it shares relatively common religious and moral values, as well as institutional goals. The perimeters of the Session's group life are clearly, if not legalistically, defined by the constitution of the United Presbyterian Church. Prescriptions for study are not so clearly spelled out, although the Session's willingness to study is assumed by the national church boards and agencies. Does the minister's style of leadership and the Session's task-orientation effect the board's functioning as a learning group? In this paper, an effort is made to find answers to some of these questions from the literature of small group research. Two hypotheses were advanced: (1) Administrative groups are differentiated from learning groups primarily by styles of leadership and group tasks and goals; and (2) Administrative groups in the church can become more effective at learning tasks by an educationally oriented and flexible leadership style of minister behavior and a commitment to study as well as to problem-solving and administration. The major conclusion of this paper is that an administrative group who perceives its work to be decision-making may not engage readily in other tasks, unless it, as a group, accepts such tasks and makes a commitment to them. (Author/CK)

The procedures used in a study to determine how well a group of American Indian college students understood their traditional and modern cultures and a college Caucasian culture were explained in this paper. The sample consisted of 111 Indian students enrolled in the University of New Mexico. The students were tested in the areas of knowledge of the decision-making process in a traditional Indian culture, knowledge of a modern college culture, and knowledge of the decision-making processes for a Native American college student as they might differ from those of the older, more traditional Indian culture. The results were then compared with the answers of experts in the cultures. In analyzing the test results, it was found that no appreciable difference occurred because of sex, amount of Indian blood, tribal affiliation, or class in school. The students comprised a homogeneous group for the representation of the values of the present generation culture. When the students were asked to respond as they themselves felt, they indicated a high degree of reliance on their own opinions; but when they were asked to respond as though they were members of a particular culture, they tended to rely more on other people to help them make decisions. (PS)

This publication contains the bibliography and appendixes which accompany a study of the role of the Work Incentive Program, particularly its training activities, in adult resocialization (available as VT 020 335 in this issue). Entries in the bibliography are arranged alphabetically by author under these categories: (1) Manpower-Labor Market, (2) Family Economy, Income, and Budgets, (3) Public Welfare Recipients and Programs, (4) Sociological Theory, (5) Family Structure, (6) Economic Deprivation and Poverty Life Styles, and (7) Methodology. The appended materials consist of: (1) an additional discussion of the research design, (2) the items which appeared in the research questionnaires along with the percentage distribution of responses, (3) a paper discussing the importance of religion to the welfare and working mothers in the study, and (4) a paper discussing the personality of the welfare and working mothers. (SB)

A single theme for each of the three convention years forms the nucleus around which the presented papers revolve. The 1968 theme, The Christian's Quest for Maturity, focuses on normalcy and the ways and means whereby Christians can become more healthfully mature. In 1969, the convention examined the unique role of the Christian therapist who is viewed as having an added dimension to his counseling. The Christian using psychology to help others considers himself different and strives to meaningfully share this difference. Dynamic Christian Growth, the 1970 theme, sees the Christian professional as, above all else, a Christian and, therefore, a witness. The papers are geared to providing Christians better ways to witness - in the office, in groups, in the community, and in the church. All three series of papers ultimately explore ways of feeling with man and his problems within the context of the evangelical Christian faith. (TL)

In 1926 a comprehensive attitudes inventory was administered to 3,515 students at Syracuse University, in which students expressed their reasons for coming to and staying at Syracuse, evaluated several aspects of the campus environment, and expressed attitudes, beliefs, and practices on social and religious questions. An updated edition of this questionnaire was administered to 500 students in 1968, and in 1970 responses were obtained to an adaptation of the earlier version from 1,100 alumni and former students who had filled out the 1926 questionnaire. This report presents 3 papers each dealing with a 3-way comparison of an area covered by the questionnaires. These are: "Values in the College Experience," by George W. Dolch, a paper dealing primarily with attitudes and beliefs concerning campus programs and processes; "Social Attitudes and Values," by Lester J. Crowell, Jr.; and "Attitudes toward Religion and the Church," by Charles E. Johns. An analysis of the more pervasive implications of the data by George G. Stern concludes the report. (AF)

This paper on Spiritual Well-Being provides information for leaders concerned with the problems of older people. The first four sections of the paper discuss: the need for religious organizations and society to develop and promote services and programs that will contribute to the spiritual needs of the elderly; goals proposed by previous groups and conferences; information on knowledge available in this area; and vital gaps in meeting such needs. The fifth section identifies several major issues relevant to the spiritual well-being of older people. The purpose of the issues is to focus discussion on the development of recommendations toward the adoption of national policies. A bibliography is provided. (Author/DB)

This paper explores the values, techniques, and philosophy of the eastern religion of Zen Buddhism. Like other therapeutic systems, Zen techniques are based upon both personality theory (conception of man) and therapeutic goals (conception of who man can become.) The paper first gives a brief overview of Zen's personality theory: who man is; who man can become. The second section of the paper investigates Zen's conception of disease etiology and therapeutic goals. The third section discusses techniques of meeting therapeutic goals. The final section explores ways in which the western counselor and psychotherapist can apply Zen values and techniqes to contemporary problems. (Author)

The paper contains some ideas to help new teachers coming to the Hopi Indian Reservation. There are certain cultural values and taboos which the Hopi people take for granted but which non-Indians do not have. This paper gives teachers an idea of some areas which have proved to be sensitive in the past. Listed are 6 areas, such as not using snakes in the classroom since they belong to snake clan and are used for religious ceremonies. Also listed are 8 superstitions which Hopis may or may not believe--e.g., ants can get under the skin and cause bad sores, so teachers might want to think twice about an ant farm. Seven general observations are also listed--e.g., pipes have religious significance and probably should not be made by children at school. This paper is meant to make teachers aware of the Hopi culture so that they may develop alternatives that offend as few as possible. Two professional organizations to consult for assistance are mentioned--the Hopi Education Association and the National Council of Bureau of Indian Affairs Educators. (FF)

In 1971, 24 teachers attending summer school at Northern Arizona University reviewed hundreds of books on the history and culture of Southwestern American Indians. Since no one publication that dealt specifically with the historical and cultural background of Arizona Indian tribes could be found, they consolidated their notes into this resource bulletin. The writers of the papers found that all authors do not agree on the early history of the different tribes, so there are some duplication of facts and several different versions of the same topic. The 23 papers cover 4 categories: desert tribes, high mesa tribes, mountain tribes, and river tribes. Major topics include agriculture, clothing, education, history, housing, legends, language, religion, and social life. (PS)

A literature survey is undertaken for the purpose of identifying and examining cultural differences between black and white Americans, with a major focus upon the black lower-class Northern urban-dweller. Major emphasis is placed upon the institutions of the Negro family and religion, as being moderator variables which help to account for various aspects of the black culture and which are in part a reflection of the culture. Some of the areas of culture difference emphasized are the problem of identity and many of the values associated with work and the Protestant Ethic and puritanism: the value of work as an end in itself, the importance of time, attitude toward authority, lack of competitiveness, ability to defer gratification, and lack of motivation to increase education and income, The second part of the paper examines the literature relevant to social class distribution and the role of skin color and other criteria of social class membership. Value difference between members of the various Negro social classes are also looked at. The paper stresses the importance of empirical verification of the findings reported in the presence of a highly dynamic change process taking place within the black community. Investigating the problem of whether the problems of the Negro are of a class or of a race type requires multi-variable approaches. (Author/JM)

This paper considers the nature of the religious experience involved in hallucinogenic drug ingestion and the percentage of students using drugs for this purpose or using a vocabulary of mysticism as a subterfuge and rationalization for motivated activity. The operational characteristics of religious experience are described. Neo-mystics draw their language from the East, and consistent through it are the following: (1) loss of normal ego-functioning, (2) reduction of reality testing, (3) dropped learned patterns, and (4) lowered defense patterns. This mystical ego loss is similar to the psychotic condition and verbal reports of drug induced experiences. An experiment noting behavioral similarities between drug induced experineces and mystical consciousness is cited. Other studies suggest some people are predisposed to readiness for religious experience. Additional research is suggested to determine similarities and differences in the ego loss experience of mystics, psychotics and acidheads. Synthesization of mystical experience is raised as a moral question. (NG)

The paper is based on a lecture held on 31st January 1923.

Papers presented at the Institute on Modern Religious Communication Dilemmas, held at Syracuse University's Continuing Education Center for the Public Service in November 1971, are provided. The focus of the institute was the dilemmas facing modern church-public relations practitioners. The papers reproduced in this book provide a descriptive overview of some of the complexities of religious communications dilemmas brought out at the institute. The papers and their authors are as follows: (1) Introduction by Burton W. Marvin; (2) "Six Propositions on the Future of Religion" by Warren L. Ziegler; (3) "The Crisis in Culture, Belief, and Church" by T. William Hall; (4) "Toward a Social Theory of Human Communication" by William P. Ehling; (5) "Event Magazine: A Case Study in Controversy" by James E. Solheim; (6) "Religion as a Marketing Problem and How Research Can Help" by Jack Haskins; (7) "United Methodist Information Area Survey, 1970" by Robert Lear; (8) "Managing Survival in a Public Relations Paradox" by George deLodzia; (9) "P.E.A.C.E. Simulation" by Roger Sorochty; and (10) "The Future Depends on Us" by Michael V. Reagen. Two of the papers have bibliographies. (DB)

The overall objective of this working paper, developed by the Schools Council Project on Religious Education (RE) is to encourage curriculum research and development. The specific objective is to examine the nature of RE and related issues, raising questions for public discussion and commentary feedback to the project. Part one looks at RE by: 1) raising questions among educators as to why RE is necessary in schools today and what its role should be in the future; 2) examining prevailing RE approaches in the light of recent writings and research done in this field; 3) identifying the major aims and objectives of RE, necessary for designing methods and content; 4) showing awareness of the many possibilities of interdisciplinary methods; 5) considering the RE needs of the minority and non-Christian groups; 6) analyzing the relationship between RE education and moral education; and, 7) realizing that the difficulty of material necessitates teacher training. Part two focuses primarily on the organization of the project and on related issues. It is concluded that RE should be in the school curriculum because the majority of English people demand it, and because of the significance of educational objectives that it presupposes, including consideration of the purpose of life and development of an understanding of the past and present impact of religion. The paper recommends that RE should be neither dogmatic nor purely phenomenological but a combination of the two that includes a personal search for meaning and an objective study of the phenomena of religion. (SJM)

Rhetorical discourse and poetic discourse are distinct and must be studied accordingly. Rhetorical discourse treats the world pragmatically, whereas poetic discourse contains an aspect of decoration. Murray Krieger, as a representative of the New Criticism, claims that rhetorical discourse dualizes and alienates man from his world but that poetic discourse provides a monistic experience because of its contemplative nature. However, this position is in error if Western rhetoric and logic (as pragmatic instruments of a world view) evolved from ancient mythologies and religions; that is, it is erroneous to view thought and speech as universals and to assume they have the same identity in all cultures. A more accurate intercultural view would leave rhetoric in its own cultural setting until the way it functions for a given people in a given culture is known. When fully analyzed, for example, the philosophies of Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism, Tao Teh King, the Upanishands and Mao would show how the Orientals maintain the doctrine of "not-self," reject duality, and treat speech and thought as intellectual additions to experience. (DS)

In this paper, the cultural pluralism which exists in New Mexico is discussed. Most citizens of New Mexico have been placed in 1 of 3 categories: Indians, Anglo-Americans, and Spanish Americans. Since Spanish and English are the official languages of New Mexico, making it the only officially bilingual state, the Spanish American culture is discussed in greater detail than the other cultures. Cultural pluralism is discussed in terms of such factors as language, history of the people, terminology in connection with the Spanish population, cultural differences with regard to the rest of the United States, religion, social mobility, and assimilation. Spanish American culture is compared to the Mexican American culture known elsewhere in the United States. Bibliographical notes on some general historical works about Mexican Americans of the Southwest or of New Mexico are appended. (NQ)

This paper examines the importance of diverse variables in determining the political attitudes and opinions of college students in Lebanon. The independent variables in question were: (1) social origin or class, (2) secondary school, (3) university, (4) religious sect, and (5) acceptance (or rejection) and practice (or non-practice) of one's religion. That membership in a religious sect should prove to be the absolutely strongest determinant of political attitudes is no surprise given the specific sociopolitical context of Lebanon. Religion dictates the type of school one will attend, what type of office one may hold, and where, in many cases, one must live. Of minor influence over students' political beliefs is the factor of social class. This is surprising in view of the influence of religion, but this too may change with time. (HS)