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In this article the author wants to analyze what has happened in recent years to some of the traditional personnel functions as government intervention in personnel administration has steadily increased. Personnel management in the United States cannot today be carried out according to the sole discretion of top management or even in a very flexible way consistent with applying insights of behavioral sciences. Instead, key aspects of personnel management must be molded to fit the legal, control and reporting requirements of governments. The personnel manager is clearly faced with the serious prospect of becoming a corporate lone ranger who is entangled in the red tape of bureaucratic rationality and pomposity. Warnings have been implicit and explicit in the literature for years that unless he became more effective that governmental regulation and public policy would not only supervene but also intervene in the greatest depth. The last area discussed in the paper is in many ways the newest, although governmental intervention into personnel work through the creation of the workmen's compensation concept and start-up of the industrial safety movement can be traced back to the early days of the 20th century.

Demonstrates the variation of health hazards in the working environment. Examination of several measures against pollution in the working environment; Areas in which scientific research would play a preventive role; Emphasis on the importance of inspection services.

Analyzes economic factors affecting safety in the underground bituminous mining. Classification of factors affecting injury rates in the coal mining; Variables and data used in the analysis; Relationship of advance technology with fatal injury rates; Limitation of the data.

The article offers a commentary of the article “Objectives Other Than Income Maintenance for Workmen's Compensation,” by John F. Burton Jr. and Monroe Berkowitz. The Burton-Berkowitz article can be analyzed from three standpoints. The three theories deal with the assumed operations of employers and workers on the margin with people as risk-averters. Burton and Berkowitz are on realistic ground when they depict some disabled persons as rehabilitation-averters. The authors speculate about the expansion of disability insurance under OASDHI. They are aware of larger contexts of state worker compensation.

Workmen's compensation provides cash benefits and medical care to victims of work-connected accidents. Objectives for the program are to: (1) protect workers against interruption of income due to industrial injuries; (2) provide incentives for optimal expenditures on accident prevention; (3) allocate the costs of the disabilities to the sources of the injuries; and (4) provide optimal incentives for the return to the labor force of disabled workers. These objectives, largely derived from an analysis of industrial accidents in a competitive model, are used to evaluate the present workmen's compensation program. The failure to meet the first objective has been documented in an earlier article. Here a general failure to meet the other objectives is demonstrated. A primary reason is that the objectives are interrelated; thus inadequate income protection undermines the other objectives. Workmen's compensation's erosion in favor of competing programs is projected, and, while these programs' deficiencies are noted, the trend is viewed with elan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the study which determines the reliability and validity of a measure based from the number of accident behaviors and predicting injuries. The study conducted meetings with the first-line supervisors from a production-type jobs to collect performance specimens for unsafe and safe behavior. The study used dispensary records to identify the number of injuries sustained by an employee during the eight-month period. Results show that the majority of specimens are classified under attitude toward exposure to hazards.

The article presents a study which examines the correlation of the tendency to report injuries to accident proneness. The study investigates total injury and non-occupational visit frequency of 245 craftsmen who were all employed at a large research laboratory as well as determine the systematic variance in the two-year injury distribution by measuring the correlation coefficient between the first and second year. The study reveals that the tendency to report injuries is not correlated to the number of initial non-occupational dispensary visits.

The article presents a study which aims to determine whether personality tests can be used to identify employees who are prone to industrial accidents. It describes what personality differences could be measured between a group of 25 industrial accident-free workers and a group of 25 industrial-accident repeaters. The participants of the study were carefully selected from the South Wind Division of Stewart-Warner Corp. in Indianapolis, Indiana. Results demonstrate no significant differences between the groups in their responses to test questions.

The article presents a study on the psychological aspects of accident-prone employees at Benicia Arsenal in California. It states that the average force of the arsenal is approximately 3500 employees per month during the 20-month period from January 1, 1944 to September 1, 1945. It mentions that to balance the frequency rate of accidents for accident-prone individual, the number of accidents happened was divided by the number of months the employee was on duty. The study uses Mechanical Aptitude Test and Mental Abilities Test. Results show that the mean rate-of- about six per accident-prone employee for the period.

The article discusses the role of accident-experience learning processes in the prevention of industrial accidents in the U.S. At the outset, the author has presented a study on the frequency rate of accidents among new employees. He likewise explained through a mathematical model, the industrial learning curve phenomena. A comparison between the decrease in accident incidence and the increase in productivity has also been discussed. In his conclusion, he encouraged the participation of workers in accident prevention programs.

The article presents a list of government publications on public administration including "Public Boards", "Employer's Organizations and Industrial Relations", "Industrial Relations Training: A Practical Guide for Unions and Employers", "Industrial Relations Training", "A Cost-Effectiveness Approach to Industrial Safety."

Discusses the requirements needed to enforce occupational safety legislation. Definition of safety protection; Problem with the enforcement of the legislation; General principles ensuring safe working conditions.

Focuses on the adverse side effects of technological innovation on the workers' health and safety. Emphasis on the need for undertakings to take environmental aspects into consideration when planning technological change; Impact of the cost of innovation on the workforce; Need for the formulation of international guidelines.

Analyzes the progress made for the campaign against occupational hazards. Information on the survey conducted which focuses on the occupational safety and health system; Efforts on occupational safety and health in 1919.

The article discusses safety measures in the handling of radioactive materials. The biological effect of radiation is the combined result of the production of ion pairs in tissue and the excitation of atoms or molecules by radiation which does not have sufficient energy to cause ionization. The problem of tolerance dose is chiefly concerned with the radiosensitivity of the tissues. The three categories of radiochemical operations are low levels, intermediate levels and high levels. Requirements in the construction of radioisotopes laboratory, including floors, surfaces, tables, sinks and hoods are discussed. Safe practices to reduce contamination are also described.

Discusses the role of the British Redundancy Payments Scheme with regard to the termination of employment in Great Britain. Consideration of the Contracts of Employment Act in 1963, the Trade Union Act in 1964, and the National Insurance Act in 1965; How the Redundancy Payments Act requires employers to compensate employees whose contracts have been terminated by reason of redundancy; Plight of management to pay attention to the forward planning of manpower needs; How certain classes of persons are categorically excluded from redundancy payments.

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Noise is not a new feature of the industrial scene. However, before the Industrial Revolution, comparatively few persons were occupationally exposed to noise, but in the modern world machinery and vehicles make it ubiquitous. Many workers are subjected to noise, not only in heavy industry, transport, building and the armed services, where it would be expected, but also in farming and in offices, traditionally regarded as being quiet. In the U.S. alone it has been estimated that some 170,000 males in the 50-59 age group may be eligible for workmen's compensation because of hearing impairment, though many do not claim for fear of jeopardising their employment.

In this short essay, some recent issues and developments in national economic regulation have been briefly noted. These relate to regulatory commissions, consumer protection, industrial safety, antitrust, and economic stability. Political scientists have not devoted much time or resources to the study of regulation in recent years. The paucity of books and professional journal articles dealing with regulatory topics attests to this fact. Hopefully, though, the growing interest within the discipline in policy matters will alter this condition. Clearly, by focusing on policy problems with a policy approach much can be learned about political and administrative processes and behavior as well as the content and impact of policy.

The article focuses on the administration of employment injury benefit in the Ivory Coast. An August 1958 decision governs compensation for employment injury in the country. The decision also entrusted application of the scheme to private insurance companies. A July 3, 1964 Act transfers responsibility to the Family Allowances Equalisation Fund on January 1, 1965. Employers are required to take out an insurance policy for all the workers employed by them. It discusses obligations of insurance institution and position of workers and other beneficiaries residing abroad.

The article presents information on the reports contained in the documents of the International Labour Conference held in Geneva in the year 1963, published by the International Labour Office. Report IV contained in the documents summarizes the proceedings of the 47th Session of the Conference related to the concern for hygiene in commerce and offices. Report V of this document summarizes the conference proceedings related to the benefits to be given in case of industrial accidents and occupational diseases.

The article offers information on the Labour Code in El Salvador which was promulgated on January 22, 1963 to replace the earlier statutory provisions that are in conflict with the new Code. The Code has 489 sections that deal with the purpose and scope of its provisions, individual contracts of employment, employment governed by social arrangements, general employment conditions, industrial associations, collective contracts and collective agreements, standardizing employment conditions and social welfare and security. The Code also includes occupational safety and health, occupational risks, labour litigation and administrative sanctions.