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Discusses the array of scheduling plans, projects and panaceas available to solve foreign language learning problems in the U.S. Impact of technological innovations on the practice of teachers; Outcome of ability grouping of students; Reports on flexible scheduling plans.

The article presents updates on the activities at several U.S. colleges and universities of student affiliates of the American Finance Association (AFA). The AFA chapter at Connecticut University played host to a series of nine lectures on investments during the fall of 1955. The University of Florida chapter has been active with arranging field trips and scheduling guest speakers, including Floyd M. Call, Joseph S. Guernsey, and Buford Bowen. The AFA chapter at the University of Illinois has grown to 28 members.

This paper reports a study of the use of information sources by farm operation in the farm practice adoption process and develops a model to account for the differential use of sources as farmers progress toward adoption. Utilizing a less-structured interviewing technique, the findings from this study of 175 Pennsylvania dairy farmers lend support to previous investigations of the use of information sources in the various stages of the adoption process. The model constructed to account for the differential use of information sources as farmers progress toward adoption involves five considerations: (1) institutionalization of information sources, (2) the temporal sequence of sources, (3) the possibility of negative recommendations, (4) scheduling limitations, and (5) the need for local legitimation. A reasonably good fit was obtained between model and data. A prediction derived from the model, that farmers citing peer influences as sources in the early stages of the adoption process would make less progress toward adoption than farmers citing other sources, was also supported by the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the development of a computer simulation model that was used in evaluating the feasibility of proposed curricular changes in a school of education. A discussion of the educational setting and the changes proposed is followed by a presentation of the simulation model. Each component of the model is examined and related to the proposed educational system. Present limitations of the model and future directions are probed. An appendix focuses specifically on construction of the Fortran computer program used in the simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on programming for governmental operations. During the past decade, a number of important developments have occurred in the fields of production scheduling and industrial management. Progressive, competitive managements in industry and business have come to recognize the decision-making and managerial control potential made possible through the use of automated data processing equipment, programmed with advanced managerial systems, and applied in conjunction with the techniques of network analysis, linear programming, and mathematical model building. There are only two requirements for formulating a program for governmental activities to which these more advanced management techniques would be applicable, a clearly stated work program directed toward one or more definable objectives, and the skill to attach cost and resource estimates to each work element in this program. Given this fundamental information, there are several programming techniques which have been developed to permit the determination of maximum time allotments for each job, as well as costs involved.

The application of the culture-of -poverty concept to family planning is reviewed. Two approaches to program development are contrasted: accessibility versus cultural-motivational. Experience appears to support the accessibility approach, which seeks to create services where none exist or to remove obstacles which make services inaccessible (distance, crowding, eligibility and fee practices, scheduling, lack of information, and depersonalized delivery). Yet the cultural-motivational view dominates the thinking of many health and welfare professionals and is employed to rationalize slow progress. This anomaly is analyzed as an example of the resistance of institutions to change and in terms of its historical antecedents in upper-class biases about lower-class fertility. The implications for public policy are explored, particularly the potential use of the culture-of- poverty concept to justify selective compulsory fertility control if health and welfare agencies continue to lag in developing voluntary programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents guidelines for hiring curriculum consultants for school districts in the U.S. A good beginning for a district interested in obtaining the help of an outside team of curriculum experts is to promote dialogue within the district which can help clarify purposes for hiring a team of consultants. A series of questions which may be useful in order to initiate such discussions were being presented. The aspects of the school that directly or indirectly affect the curriculum was cited. A carefully conceived curriculum design will give direction to a district.

The article presents information on the chemistry curriculum patterns in high schools in the U.S. Owing to the emergence of numerous new approaches to the teaching of chemistry, science educators felt the need of incorporating those innovations in chemistry curriculum of high schools. A survey was conducted to find out instructional trends and patterns in the teaching of high school chemistry. From the survey, data relating to scheduling, textbook usage, testing, and other curriculum characteristics were obtained. The result of the survey revealed that chemistry was taught predominantly as an eleventh-grade subject in high schools for a total of five periods per week. Further, a few schools were found to be following more than one type of curriculum and were using more than one textbook. This article also includes information on an experimental program that required two groups of students to take two separate forms of chemistry tests. This helped in furnishing a reasonable estimate of performances for typical groups within each curriculum division.

If there is one thing about PPBS that must be understood about PPBS, it is that the basic components of the system are not new. The basic components planning, program scheduling and budgeting-have evolved incrementally in government. Planners, public administrators and budgeters have been long concerned with the central problem of systematically allocating public resources most effectively to attain agreed upon goals. PPBS represents a rationalization, at this point in time, of concepts and approaches which have been developed over the years and of three new ingredients advances in technology and technique, an expanded planning horizon, and continuity and process which have been added to the mix. PPBS, like so many other mechanisms varies slightly in form from place to place. The relationships and activities involved depend on such things as governmental organization, traditions, respective roles of governmental agencies, degrees of functional autonomy, and the degree of commitment of the process by elected and appointed officials and the bureaucracy.

The HC report contains over a hundred numbered or lettered recommendations. The subjects include broad topics such as taxation, insurance, chartering, branching, and regulation of several types of financial institutions. At the other extreme it contains some rather detailed points about the operation of trust departments of commercial banks. The discussion ranges from a broad consideration of social goals to some rather interesting details about the recent history of credit unions, and the operation of life insurance companies. This review will start with a brief look at the financial history of 1969. It will then compare the HC accomplishments with those of earlier commissions. In doing so, this review will focus on those subjects the HC itself seemed to give highest priority: Regulation Q, broadening the operational scope of specialized financial intermediaries, steadying the flow of mortgage funds, and the organization of Federal financial regulation. Lesser topics must, unfortunately, be neglected. The review will end with a look at some issues dodged or treated quite inadequately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the impact that size, growth and industry have on the financial structure of manufacturing companies. The author conducts a cross-section analysis of U.S. manufacturing companies for the year 1961-1962 to provide empirical data. Research on financial structure theory is advanced through the analysis of financial ratios in an attempt to provide information that would be useful in conducting international and historical growth comparisons. The financial ratios examined fall into four general categories which include profitability, turnover, leverage and liquidity.

Data for this study were developed from the inter-dealer post-auction exchange of bid prices and quantities. This information enables each dealer to estimate both the size and average price paid for the total dealer auction allocation and of his own share. As allocations to non-dealers are primarily for final portfolio, dealers' awards are indicative of the initial secondary market supply of the newly auctioned bills. Thus, the exchange is helpful in arranging opening prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various difficulties in present arrangements suggest change in the calendar of elections and related matters in the United States. This article presents a revised schedule for the general election, convening of the Congress and inauguration of the President. The proposed new schedule would require a constitutional amendment to change existing provisions for the convening of Congress and inauguration of the President. The Federal Constitution does not require that the election be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November and the Act of 1845 could be changed by Congress so far as Federal Elections are concerned.

Citizen participation in public administration means different things to different people. Essentially it is a device to make government responsive to needs of all people, particularly those people who are left out of the formal governmental decision-making process. Most public administrators and planners agree that citizens should be brought into the planning and decision-making process in one way or another. Many members on boards and staffs of metropolitan regional councils, for example, try to involve citizens in planning and development issues by publishing attractive reports and pamphlets, scheduling public hearings, conducting surveys and polls, appointing advisory committees and exhorting the citizenry to be regionable. There is, however, only a small number of regional agencies that can truly claim continuing involvement with all segments of the regional population. In their present form, most metropolitan agencies are useful as issue-identifiers and study groups. They can pave the way for effective regional solutions appropriate to problems and opportunities of individual metropolitan areas. This role is an important one and may be sufficient to justify the existence of metropolitan agencies. But, of course, it is the follow through, the carrying out of planned solutions, that is the real criterion of effectiveness.

Examines the coexistence of rights to strike and arbitrate and efforts to protect managerial and legislative prerogatives in Hawaii public employment. Willful violations of collective bargaining agreements; Similarity in arbitrations between public and private sectors; Distinction between the operations of Hawaii Public Employee Relations Board and the United States National Labor Relations Board.

The article discusses the study on the perceptions of the teaching skills of Science teachers and their school conditions. It is important to know the opinions of teachers of their school working conditions and administrators must know what school facilities are considered inadequate by the faculty before they can consider implementing the desired improvements. The data for the study were collected as part of a National Science Foundation evaluation in which a random sample of junior and senior high school science teachers from twelve states in the U.S. It has been concluded that these science teachers are satisfied with their own abilities but that they believe their school conditions need improvement.

This article analyzes the continuing process of reforms in secondary science education in the U.S. from World War II to the present. There is a long tradition of science education reforms arising as a response to societal change, such as in the nineties, when poor health conditions led to civic biology courses. These forces challenged the traditional science courses in the secondary schools and brought about a first generation of reforms, which showed mixed results. The first generation lacked impact and usage which led to a series of reforms termed as the second generation. These reforms are a consolidation of traditional and first-generation-reform strengths.

In 1967 the U.S. Office of Education developed a network of laboratories devoted to the understanding of the development of young children from birth through 8 years of age. Originally designated as the National Laboratory in Early Childhood Education (NLECE), its purpose was to foster basic research that would contribute to our understanding of how best to educate the young child for optimal developmental outcome. A component of the resources was devoted to research during the infancy period, and in 1968 the Kansas-based Kansas Infant Research Laboratory, as part of the Kansas Center for Research in Early Childhood Education, became part of the NLECE. The studies reported in this paper were, in large part, supported by the Office of Education through the NLECE program that eventually became the National Program in Early Childhood Education administered by the Central Midwestern Regional Education Laboratories. More recently the funding source has been shifted to the newly organized U.S. National Institute of Education.

The article presents a behavioral-analytic case study which aims to compare the behavioral observations of a male attendant in his employment at an institution for mentally retarded children in the U.S. The study used a reliable and systematic method to asses the aide-resident interactions with personal interview and behavioral changes. The findings suggest that the attendant engaged in less ward routine tasks and more resident-initiated and social activities. It was also found out that the self-report data describe the pressure to conform in custodial oriented interactions and decision to terminate his employment.

The article presents a study which investigates the reliability and reactivity effects of the videotape technique on a ward for retarded children in the U.S. Residents including all 37 children in a building of a large state training school were studied. Cautions and suggestions for future use of the videotaping technique were also tackled. Results revealed that videotaping can be employed to get an accurate representation of ward activities as viewed by trained observers. Ratings of several dimensions of aide-resident interaction obtained from a remotely controlled videotape camera were discovered to be both reliable and reactive.

This article highlights the minutes of the annual meeting of the Rural Sociological Society from August 23 to 26, 1968 in Boston Massachusetts.

The article presents the minutes from proceedings of an annual meeting of rural sociological societies, that was held on August 26, 1966 in Miami Beach, Florida. The meeting was called under President Allan Beegle and few other members like Robert L. McNamara, Glenn V. Fuguitt, Denton E. Morrison etc. Reports like Nominations and Awards, Secretary-Treasurer, Publications Committee, International Cooperation, Development Committee, Representation to ASA Council, Census Needs, Society Archives and Action on Meeting Place Policy were accepted by the council. The council took actions related to the recommendation of the Publications Committee and authorized the expenditure of up to $1,500 for developing a monograph publication. The Development Committee was asked to evaluate the brochure opportunities in rural sociology. The new President is to appoint a committee to make recommendations on the Census of Agriculture. President Beagle appointed Robert M. Dimit to work with the Secretary-Treasurer in publishing the new directory of membership.

The article looks into the training programs of the Democratic National Committee in the United States. The attention given by the committee to these training programs resulted from a marriage of necessity and principle. To win elections the Democratic Party in most areas of the country needs hundreds of volunteers for specific tasks and this involvement of volunteers in the serious work of Party organization is a fundamental of genuine democracy. When Party leaders discuss the need for better training of volunteers, the main emphasis is usually upon its necessity to win elections and emphasis of training to the unpaid volunteer. Elected or appointed Democratic leaders are also beginning to accept that greater citizen involvement is a legitimate, useful and inevitable development.

The article discusses three possible dangers into which social scientists may, and sometimes do, fall when dealing with anti-intellectualism as a practical problem affecting the conditions, goals, and the values of teaching and research activities in the United States. First, the danger of too inclusive and general definition. The terms intellectual and anti-intellectualism are often too inclusively and too generally defined. Second, the danger of irresponsibility. Ideas and intellectuals are now more powerful. Lastly, the danger of unwarranted generalization. Social scientists sometimes impute a more general or more inclusive anti-intellectualism to someone who has made a specific criticism of a particular set of ideas.

Analyzes the development of faculty participation in university governance in the United States. Changes in the economic environment of professorial employment; Problems encountered by academic senates in dealing with representation issues; Bargaining arrangements by external organizations.

Investigates informal bargaining in the construction industry of San Diego, California. Primary types of violations of union contracts found to exist in the industry; Benefits derived by contractors from informal bargaining; Reasons for construction workers' agreement on informal bargaining.

The article discusses the impact of underemployment and misemployment on the job frustration and low job satisfaction among laboratory engineers in the U.S. Field employees generally express a higher level of satisfaction as compared with laboratory workers. The author contends that the work organization characteristics of the laboratory is responsible for the dissatisfaction among engineers. Since the work organization in the laboratory is more hierarchical, the engineer is seldom responsible for an entire project.

Discusses the important events that shaped women's significant role in the United States labor force. Impact of World War II on traditional employment practices; Growth of female labor force between 1947 and 1966; Effect of women's working on family income; Areas where the opportunities that the revolution has opened up remains to be more fully exploited.

The article focuses on the efforts of the civil rights movement in the U.S. to deal with discrimination in employment. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) took the lead in the effort to establish and to enforce equal opportunity laws. The Philadelphia, Pennsylvania chapter of the NAACP has been extremely militant and a leader in selective patronage campaigns. However, the civil rights movement cannot achieve its goals unless it wins the support of the larger community--which means the white public.

The business simulation provides an interesting opportunity for incorporating quantitative methods and techniques into marketing management courses. The simulation model can be used to generate a realistic data bank of information on the costs and results of the firm's marketing efforts. Rather than beginning without a history of company operations and results, the simulation becomes an ongoing one where student managers employ data from past simulated operations as inputs to quantitative analyses to support current decisions. Meaningful data is provided in a context that encourages student learning and discovery of the benefits and limitations of decision science techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the development of a simulated interview program utilizing administrative interns in education as interviewers in order to provide science student teachers with an actual interview experience in the U.S. The most important outcome of the interview process was the realization by both student teachers and interns that two interviews which have basically the same structure and setting will, in all likelihood, produce entirely different results because of the personalities involved. A subjective evaluation by the participants indicated that the experience was extremely valuable and accomplished the objectives of the program. It was recommended that additional opportunities for simulated interviews be arranged for those interested.

The article focuses on a study on team teaching in giving instructions to students in the U.S. The objectives of team teaching is presented in this article. The general characteristics of organizational patterns of team teaching are cited. The minimum essentials necessary for team teaching are mentioned as well as its advantages and problems. The presentation of some well-known team teaching plans of schools in the was made. There were also some teaching programs specifically involving science were presented.

The article presents the effects of weekly testing as one of the teaching method on science education teaching in the U.S. The author states how desirable it is to give the tests after completion of each unit of subject matter. He justifies that each major unit of work in as much as it presumes statement of objectives and psychological organization will represents one of the most promising bases for testing during the course of learning. Lockhart in his article "Testing Can Improve Teaching," stresses the potential value of using testing to improve the teaching program. According to the author, the success of the testing will be determine in students efficiency in learning.

The article discusses the impact of change on the development of new perspectives in science education in private colleges in the U.S. One of the distinguishing characteristics of the social upheaval in progress is the scientific revolution. The Commission on the Social Studies of the National Council for the Social Studies described it in part as follows: Scientific advance pervades of the whole of contemporary life. The development of an understanding by students of the vast changes predicted for science in the decade ahead, and the ability to use his knowledge as responsible members of society of constitute significant aspects of liberal arts education. The American system of higher education includes both private and church-related colleges and universities and public colleges and universities.

The article focuses on a study, which investigates how zoology departments or their equivalents are mechanically organized for the presentation of the introductory course in zoology in the U.S. The principal topics, for which data are collected, are time allotment, credit allowance, course duration, laboratory-lecture apportionment and personnel. The questionnaire method was applied to get information on the mechanics of organization in introductory university zoology courses. From the analysis of the questionnaire replies, it was found that the majority of state universities offer one course in general zoology, whereas a minority offer no introductory zoology. 19 per cent list a general biology in lieu of zoology per se. The most frequent type of offering is a one-semester course in zoology. 31 per cent of the department presented two semesters of general zoology. The most popular method of time appointment in first year courses is that of having two fifty-minute lectures per week followed by the three fifty-minute lecture plan.

The article focuses on the importance of Science teaching training for teachers in the Pacific Northwest states of the U.S. The first area of responsibility for those people concerned with the training is the determination of a realistic preparation in subject-matter for the prospective science teacher. It involves the continual survey of prospective teaching assignments; survey results should be made available for faculty advisors and students so that college programs can be planned with objective information; and graduation and teacher accreditation requirements have to be reviewed.

The article reports that the U.S. Office of Education in cooperation with the National Association for Research in Science Teaching continued the annual study which has been carried on since 1950. The association maintains a standing committee to review and summarize the research. With this regard, research findings must be translated into effective action by school administrators, science consultants, and classroom teachers if they are to make an impact on the improvement of instruction.

The article examines the teaching of science in training schools for teachers in the U.S. It was discovered that science in the training schools was not taught as a separate subject. However, there are different science activities in most classes at least once a week. Several factors which hinder the teaching of science include the lack of material equipment and facilities, lack of audio-visual aids, lack of special advisory services and field trip difficulties.

This article presents the 1957 review of the research in science teaching, the result of a joint initiative between the National Association for Research in Science Teaching and the U.S. Office of Education. It contains reports of published studies obtained from a search of the pamphlet and periodical literature between July 1955 and 1956. It also contains reports of unpublished studies obtained from returns of an inquiry sheet mailed annually by the Office of Education to several institutions where graduate work is in progress. The research was carried out by three committees, one for each school level, elementary, secondary, and college. The committees reviewed the issues of about fifty magazines which have carried research on science teaching.

The article discusses the need to integrate civil defense educative processes in U.S. schools. Orientation in the fundamentals of civil defense may be implemented by teachers, administrators, pupils and interested members of the community. However, its implementation can be restrained by the following factors: the need to establish that the civil defense orientation is not a disruption of the established curriculum; negative attitudes of educators toward the program; and difficulty in arousing enthusiasm or interest in the pupils. These program should prepare the parents and other taxpayers for the request for materials such as extra first-aid kits, Geiger or scintillation counters, dosimeters, portable radios, and brochures prepared by the Federal Civil Defense Administration.

The article investigates the background and knowledge of the subject matter of science possessed by elementary student teachers who were completing their training U.S. schools. The attitudes of teachers in certain areas of science were also investigated, as well as a comparison of their knowledge of science to certain high school students. Results showed that elementary student teachers had taken chemistry in high school more than any other science, and also showed that student teachers preferred biology over other science classes. Reports revealed that student teachers had taken only 0-67 hours of science work in college, and the mean number of semester hours averaged 15.1. Recommendations were made for future student teachers of science.

The rapid rate of change in corrections has produced an urgent need for both improved and more comprehensive training for line personnel in contact with inmates in institutional settings. The U.S. Bureau of Prisons has recognized for many years that there was a great discrepancy between broad policy objectives outlined at the highest levels and implementation at the lowest and most effective echelon of employees, those in direct, daily contact with inmates. Various training programs, usually operated at the institutional level, concentrated more on day-to-day operations than on giving employees an understanding and appreciation of the broad policy objectives. To fill this gap in the federal prison service, the Bureau conducted a study of the most effective means of providing line employees with detailed explanations of Bureau policy and ways to make practical application of the policy. The study showed that the most effective training could be accomplished in regional residential training centers, which would concentrate on policy questions, with operational training left in the institutions.

This article presents information on developments in public administration in the U.S., as of April 2001. A program is under way for the development of court executive officers. U.S. Chief Justice Warren Earl Burger was an important stimulator of this effort. He urged the American Bar Association to assume leadership in bringing together other organizations immediately concerned to plan a program for developing judicial administrators. The plan is to recruit trainees in about equal numbers from persons at mid-career and from recent graduates in law and public or business administration. The field of judicial administration needs the concentrated attention this program undertakes to contribute. New York State Urban Development Corp. is an innovative and noteworthy attempt by the state to deal with the urban crisis through the exercise of certain governmental powers, and the assumption of governmental responsibilities previously ceded to local government. It is a public benefit corporation, created for the purpose of carrying out development programs that will increase low and moderate income housing, help alleviate unemployment, revitalize industry and expand community facilities.

This article highlights the problems faced when there is change of president of the university in the U.S. There is a period following the announcement of the incumbent president's imminent departure from office when temporary consternation and concern and delight as well on the part of some giving way to an ever-deepening sense of marking time until the new president is selected and arrives on the scene. One of the manifestations of the change is the reluctance on the part of the board of regents to give final approval to far-reaching projects. A proposal for a new building, given full process by the faculty and administration, is delayed now that the presi- dent is leaving and there is a pressure vacuum from one point of the campus. Vice-presidents, deans, other administrative heads, and academic department heads, while still owing a direct responsibility to the lame-duck president, move with alacrity to curry favor with systemwide officials. The net result is operation at greatly reduced tempo. Each official finds one of his points of reference out of pocket and this has impact on both his job and his performance.

The article presents a survey that attempts to identify the organizational structures of the Congressional Liaison Offices established within ten executive departments in the United States. There are many reasons for the establishment of Congressional liaison offices. They include the need for a unified presentation of departmental proposals, and proper coordination of the legislative program with Members of Congress, the desire to enhance the service functions of a department and to develop a cadre of specialists to serve the Executive and to assist legislators with technical problems, and the belief that an avenue of political contact with Congress, for contracts and patronage as well as legislative objectives, must be maintained on a continuing basis. The Congressional liaison function in each of the ten Executive Departments is located in the Office of the Secretary, with an Assistant to the Secretary as the chief Congressional liaison officer. The Departments of State and Health, Education and Welfare have an Assistant Secretary who handles Congressional relations.

The article presents information on the need of science teaching for four years in the high schools in the United States. It highlights the need of presenting a tentative course of study, outlining a continuous science experience in high schools. For that purpose a teaching plan is required in order to contribute for the science experience. But this process may not be smooth. Therefore the obstacles that hinder the process and science curriculum are also to be addressed. Majority of teachers would support a plan for four years of science course in high schools but no ways they are convinced that why such a course is desirable. Any plan of science teaching should be the result of classroom experience and experiment especially in case of four years of science education. The world of science and technology is very much related to life and living. It is very important that the citizens must be aware of the role of science in society. Such awareness will enable science to continue as a tool for improvement of the society and it can stop the science to be a tool for weapon for destruction.

The article focuses on the Southern Association Study in Secondary Schools and Colleges, which is one of those cooperative studies that attempt to improve the programs of secondary schools. While tracing the history of educational associations, one finds that the Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools has played an important role in improving the quality of school and instructional procedures. The focus of the Assocaition gradually shifted from accrediting secondary schools and colleges to direct aid to those engaged in attempts to improve their educational programs. Conducted by the Association, this study has special reference to the improvement of secondary education in the southern states in the U.S. One of the first attempts of many teachers associated with the study was that of making a careful appraisal of the helps which the school should give to its pupils and to its patrons in the community. The findings revealed that several pupils were planning to attend college, and it was also found that nany had no definite plans.

The article presents information about various methods that are used by high-school chemistry students for writing laboratory notes in the U.S. A research study was conducted in the Whiting Senior High School, Whiting, Indiana, to examine the effectiveness of methods of recording laboratory notes. At the school, each of three chemistry classes was divided into two sections. The students of each section used a different method for recording laboratory notes. The methods used by the students consisted of various steps such as answering all questions, writing the equations of chemical reactions, following the laboratory manual while conducting an experiment, etc. The effectiveness of the methods was evaluated by conducting several tests. According to the results of the research study, the writing of a notebook does not increase retention of facts among the students. It was found that writing of a permanent laboratory notebook is helpful to students with low intelligence quotient.

This article examines the pre-testing of a motion picture in the U.S. There was a time that the motion picture industry used only the sneak-preview to test their completed or almost-completed films. During the past several years, however, the industry has increasingly turned to more definitive and scientifically accurate measures of audience reaction. One such program of measurement, using the Cirlin Reactograph, is being applied by the authors of this article to the films produced by one of the five major studios. In the article, it is described how the technique is actually used in the case of a specific film.

The article discusses various issues related to family life and sex education in the 1960's in the U.S. It highlights the fact that during the decade, lack of precise information was a major obstacle in defining family life and sex education. There was confusion in local level as well as at the college level. The author refers to family life programs in school systems and communities which contribute towards the understanding of family life and sex education. It is informed that several state surveys made in the 60's found the lack of teacher education in family life either in home economics or in health education.