49 results
Search Results
2. EASTER MEETING.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,PROFESSIONAL associations ,ECOLOGY ,HABITATS ,CONSERVATION of natural resources - Abstract
Information about several papers discussed at the Easter meeting of the British Ecological Society held in London, England from April 3-4, 1951 is presented. Topics include the ecology of Hydropsychideae, or Tricoptera, the localization of Cladocera in lakes and ponds and the relationship between the natural habitat preferences of a particular animal and the choice of alternative ones' in towns. A topic on nature conservation was also discussed.
- Published
- 1952
3. TROPICAL ECOLOGY GROUP--1962.
- Author
-
Southwood, T. R. E.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,SOCIETIES ,RED locust ,TSETSE-flies ,MOSQUITOES - Abstract
The article highlights a joint meeting of the British Ecological Society's Tropical Ecology Group with the Royal Entomological Society, held at Imperial College in London, England on March 30, 1962. The meeting opened with a paper by P. M. Symmons who spoke on the effect of climate and weather on numbers of the red locust in its outbreak areas. J. P. Glasgow then spoke on the interrelations of tsetse with their habitat. The last paper in the morning session was by Gordon Surtees on the factors limiting mosquito distribution.
- Published
- 1964
4. AUTUMN MEETING AT LONDON SEPTEMBER 19th-20th, 1955.
- Author
-
Hughes, R. Elfyn
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,CALLUNA ,ERICACEAE ,FORAGE plants ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
The article discusses the highlights of the autumn meeting of the British Ecological Society held in the Department of Botany at Bedford College in London, England on September 19 and 20, 1955. Several papers dealing with various aspects of the ecology of Calluna vulgaris were presented on the 19th, including a paper on experimental work to determine the effect of grazing wether sheep on enclosed areas of Calluneta. A discussion of the effects of burning heather is provided.
- Published
- 1956
5. EASTER MEETING AT LONDON 2-3 APRIL 1954.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. - Abstract
The article reports on the highlights of the Easter Meeting of the British Ecological Society that was held in London, England on April 2-3, 1954. A. R. Clapham, a professor and president of the British Ecological Society, commenced the morning session on April 2, 1954. Several research papers were presented during the meeting, including those from Dr. Eville Gorham, Professor W. H. Pearsall and J. Brereton. On behalf of the Honorary Treasurer, the auditors' account was discussed by E. D. Le Cren during the meeting.
- Published
- 1955
6. EASTER MEETING IN LONDON.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,ECOLOGY ,PLANT physiology ,AGRICULTURE ,RABBITS - Abstract
Information about several papers discussed at the Easter Meeting of the British Ecological Society held in Burlington House in London, England on April 7-8, 1952 is presented. Topics include the impact of rabbit to the agriculture in West Wales discussed by Prof. A. N. Worden and Ms. Winifred M. Phillips, the physiology of plants and plant ecology. Furthermore, the meeting was headed by Dr. C. B. Williams, president of the society and was attended by nearly one hundred members.
- Published
- 1953
7. BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY WINTER AND ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 3-5 January 1966.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
Information about the Winter and Annual General Meeting of the British Ecological Society held at the Science Lecture Theatre of Goldsmith College in London, England on January 3-5, 1966 is presented. Various papers regarding ecology were discussed in the event. Also, exhibits were conducted which showcased ecological dynamics.
- Published
- 1966
8. LONDON MEETING.
- Author
-
A. R. C.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,FORESTRY conventions - Abstract
Information about several papers discussed at the British Ecological Society's symposium on ash as a forest tree in the British Isles on February 25, 1950 at the University College in London, England is presented. E. W. Jones iniated a discussion titled "Some features of the biology of ash," differentiating the F. excelsior tree from other British trees. A. H. Popert gave a lecture titled "Sylviculture of ash in Great Britain." Other speakers included W. B. Turrill, Arthur Tansley and J. Chear.
- Published
- 1950
9. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING IN THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
Information about the annual general meeting of the British Ecological Society held at the University College in London on January 6-7, 1949 and its thirty-fourth annual meeting held at Bristol University in London on January 9, 1948 are presented. Various woods and rare plants in Great Britain were discussed in the 1949 event accompanied by exhibits of various photographs of species while the 1948 meeting was about hydrography and ecology.
- Published
- 1949
10. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING SATURDAY, 11 JANUARY 1947.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges - Abstract
Information about several papers discussed at the Annual General Meeting of the British Ecological Society held in the Department of Botany, University College in London, England on January 11, 1947. It was attended by Dr. A. S. Watt, chairman of the society, and approximately 100 members of the organization. During the event, the minutes of the previous meeting were presented and signed by the officers.
- Published
- 1947
11. Social Status and Clique Formation Among Grammar School Boys.
- Author
-
Oppenheim, A. N.
- Subjects
SOCIAL status ,CLIQUES (Sociology) ,PUBLIC schools ,SOCIAL classes ,WORKING class ,FRIENDSHIP - Abstract
This article discusses a study on social status and clique formation among grammar school boys in London, England. This paper reports on another aspect of the inquiry into the effects of social class at adolescence, which has been carried out at the London School of Economics and Political Science in England under the direction of Doctor H. T. Himmelweit. Within the broad framework of the research project, an important place was allotted to problems of peer group selection. Moreover, the paper is based on information from three sources: a choice of friend questionnaire, a sociometric questionnaire and an open-ended question on the attributes of a good friend. The most interesting conclusion which has emerged from these data points to an important difference between this country and the U.S. In both countries, the adolescent's value system largely determines his friendship choices. In England, it has been shown that similar class stereotypes may be found and it is quite possibly true that such friendship criteria as are embodied in the choice of a friend questionnaire reflect parental values. It could also be argued, that the working class boys in the grammar school are exceptional, in that they come from homes where middle class values are prevalent. In England, it may be said in general that by having secondary grammar and secondary modern schools, the working class pupils are divided into those who will be given an opportunity for social ascent and those who will not. England deliberately segregates the new recruits to the higher social levels and gives them more advanced training in separate schools. Under these conditions, several factors combine to give the working class boy those attitudes, interests and motives which are concomitant with his future social position.
- Published
- 1955
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. (iii) ADAPTATIONS OF ANIMALS TO LIFE IN TROPICAL SWAMPS.
- Subjects
SWAMPS ,VEGETATION & climate ,ANIMAL-water relationships ,ANIMAL adaptation ,AQUATIC animals ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
This article provides a summary of the paper "Adaptations of Animals to Life in Tropical Swaps" presented by L. C. Beadle at the Spring Meeting of the Tropical Group of the British Ecological Society held in London, England, on April 24, 1969. The paper defines a swamp as a stretch of shallow and slow-flowing water in which the conditions are dominated by the effects of closely-packed emergent vegetation. It discusses the possible conditions in swamps that might be expected seriously to affect aquatic animals.
- Published
- 1970
13. THE BRITISH SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE, 1957.
- Author
-
Fletcher, Ronald
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
This article provides information on the biennial conference of the British Sociological Association at Queen Elizabeth College in London, England on March 22 to 24, 1957. The theme Sociology in Retrospect and Prospect was an appropriate one in view of the increasingly felt need to undertake a systematic re-assessment and clarification of the main issues involved in sociological theory and practice. A large theme of this nature could not be pursued in exhaustive detail, but the papers in both the plenary and the group sessions were such as to stimulate much thought, and the degree of interest shown in the conference was such as to suggest that this theme was one of central concern to all. The attendance was greater than had been anticipated. Although not central to the theme of the conference, perhaps one of the most significant facts about it was that it became the basis for a consciously contrived effort to begin and foster co-operative relations between the British Association and the American Sociological Society. Another encouraging feature was that 39 students were sufficiently interested to become student members of the association. The executive officers were very helpful throughout, and finally it proved possible to send over a small delegation.
- Published
- 1957
14. BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY TROPICAL GROUP.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,SWAMPS ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
This article introduces the summaries of papers presented at the Spring Meeting of the Tropical Group of the British Ecological Society held at the University College in London, England, on April 24, 1969. The African papers concentrated mainly on conditions in freshwater swamps. The South American papers were more general. The summaries of the main contributions are grouped according to continent.
- Published
- 1970
15. The Layfield Report on the Greater London Development Plan.
- Author
-
Foster, C.D. and Whitehead, C.M.E.
- Subjects
URBAN planning & redevelopment law ,QUESTIONING ,TRENDS ,POPULATION ,EMPLOYMENT ,HIGHWAY planning ,TRANSPORTATION - Abstract
This article focuses on the Layfield report on Greater London Development Plan, plan that requires local authorities to state their objectives, present alternative strategies for their future development and evaluate the alternative strategies for their future development. Begun when the Greater London Council (GLC) was formed, its origins ante-dated the 1968 Town and Country Planning Act. GLDP is an attempt to define planning objectives and to evaluate a plan for London, England it was backed by many research papers and studies and it was subjected to detailed examination by inquiry. Named the Layfield Inquiry after its chairman, the GLDP was the largest planning inquiry held in the country. The Inquiry accused the GLC of over-ambition for trying to argue as if it could alter population and employment trends when it had neither the statutory powers, nor the real power to do so; variable quality in the treatment of issues--so that, for example, it took much more seriously highway planning where it had responsibility than public transport where it had not (until it took over London Transport in 1970); no logical connection between facts and policies, or between objectives and policies; and describing objectives so vaguely that they were not operational.
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,BIOLOGICAL societies ,PROFESSIONAL associations ,ECOSYSTEM management ,HEATHER ,SOIL fertility - Abstract
Information about the papers discussed at the joint meeting of the British Ecological Society and the Association of Applied Biologists in London, England on March 11, 1960 is presented. Topics include the destruction of natural ecosystems, the monoculture of heather and its effects on hill grazings, and the effects of grass crop production on soil fertility. The event featured several ecology and biology experts including T. E. Williams, C. H. Gimingham and P. W. Richards.
- Published
- 1961
17. THE BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,NONPROFIT organizations ,ECOLOGY conferences ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
Information about several papers discussed at the annual meeting sponsored by the British Ecological Society on fostering the study of ecology that was held at the Botanical Theatre in London, England on December 15, 1917 is presented. Topics include the method of demonstrating accretion on sandy and muddy foreshores by a layer of colored sand. The meeting featured several British ecologists including Mr. Wilmott, Mr. Fagg, and physician Salisbury.
- Published
- 1918
18. Conference of the British Sociological Association, 1953. I Impressions of the Conference.
- Author
-
Marshall, T. M.
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
This article highlights the first conference of the British Sociological Association held in London, England on March 27-29, 1953. The conference was attended by 233 persons of whom 125 were members of the Association. The theme was Social Policy and the Social Sciences. The conference opened with a plenary session which was addressed by Myrdal on the Relation Between Social Theory and Social Policy. For the second day the conference divided into three groups, each of which devoted its attention to a topic chosen to illustrate the general theme. The three topics chosen for group discussion were: health; design and planning of buildings, towns and countryside; needs and standards in the social services.
- Published
- 1953
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. ANNUAL LONDON MEETING 15 MAY 1946.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,METEOROLOGY - Abstract
Information about several papers discussed at the Royal Meteorological Society held in London, England on May 15, 1946. In the absence of the president and vice-president, Dr. H. Godwin assumed as chairman of the organization. During the event, they discussed variations in climate including the greater incidence of frost in a narrow valley situated on the slopes of the Malverns.
- Published
- 1947
20. TROPICAL GROUP.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,BOTANY ,RESEARCH ,ECOLOGY - Abstract
The article discusses the highlights of a meeting of the Tropical Group held in the rooms of the Linnean Society in London, England, on November 4, 1964. The meeting discussed the pattern in dry tropical vegetation. Papers presented are "Pattern in Acacia-Capparis Semi-Desert Scrub in the Sudan," by P. Greig-Smith, "Termites and their Influence on Vegetation in the Drier Areas of Africa," by W. V. Harris, and "Vegetation Arcs in Somalia," by C. A. H. Hodge.
- Published
- 1965
21. ANNUAL LONDON MEETING 15 OCTOBER 1946.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. - Abstract
Information about several papers discussed at the meeting of the Council of the Royal Society held at the Royal Society in Burlington House in London, England on October 15, 1946. The event was arranged by Dr. H. Godwin in relation to the working conference on Quaternary History and Pollen-analysis organized through the British Council. Attendees discussed the need for facts in the form of discoveries of thermophilous plants in late-glacial or glacial deposits.
- Published
- 1947
22. BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY EASTER MEETING, 1940.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,HABITATS ,ECOLOGY - Abstract
Information on several papers discussed at the Easter meeting of the British Ecological Society on April 6, 1940 in London, England is presented. Topics include the factors that differentiate marsh, fen and bog. Papers on water relations of raised-bog and blanket-bog, connemara bogs and habitat selection in Corixid bugs were read. The symposium featured notable persons including H. Godwin, T. T. Macan and D. Lack.
- Published
- 1941
23. British Ecological Society LONDON MEETING 7 JUNE 1947.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY conferences ,ECOLOGICAL assessment ,QUITCH-grass ,BIOLOGICAL weed control - Abstract
Information about the meeting of the British Ecological Society held at the Botanical Department, University College, in London, England on June 7, 1947 is presented. It featured the paper of Prof. Hugo Osvald of the Institute of Plant Husbandry of the University of Uppsala, Sweden entitled "Toxic exudates from the roots of Agropyron repens (Couch-grass)." A discussion regarding the paper which revolved around the general direction of the research upon weed is accounted.
- Published
- 1948
24. WINTER AND ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 2-3 January 1964.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ENVIRONMENTAL sciences ,ECOLOGY conferences ,ECOLOGISTS - Abstract
Information about the annual general meeting of the British Ecological Society held on January 2-3, 1964 at the Belford College Department of Botany in London, England, is presented. Topics discussed include the description of the boundaries and productivity of spartina plants as well as the effects of fire on the nutrient content and developments of plants. The meeting was attended by several ecologists and professors which include J. B. Kenworthy, M. A. Turner and R. W. Edwards.
- Published
- 1964
25. BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
The article offers information about the annual meeting of the British Ecological Society at the University College in London, England, on January 5-6, 1939. Professor Tansley explained how pressure of work had made him unable to prepare a speech, and how the Council had made arrangements for it to be read at a meeting at Easter. Resignation of Mrs. Hand was accepted and Elflyn Hughes was elected as a new member of the society.
- Published
- 1939
26. ANNUAL MEETING.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY conferences - Abstract
Information about the fifteenth Annual Meeting of the British Ecology Society held in the Botanical Department of the University College in London, England on January 5, 1929. The event includes the presentation of the report of the minutes in the January 14, 1928 annual meeting having been read and confirmed by the Honorable Secretary. The annual meeting featured Dr. E. J. Salisbury as the president of the society.
- Published
- 1929
27. TROPICAL GROUP.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,TEMPERATURE ,ANIMALS ,FORESTS & forestry ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
Information about the British Ecological Society's Tropical group meeting held at the Westfield College in London, England on November 2, 1965 is presented in which the topic for discussion was the temperature as a factor in tropical ecology. Also, the event gave emphasis on the main contributions in ecology which include, papers about river fauna and forests.
- Published
- 1966
28. (vii) THE ROLE OF CAIMANS IN THE NUTRIENT REGIME IN THE MOUTH-LAKES OF AMAZON AFFLUENTS.
- Subjects
CAIMANS ,FISHES ,FRESHWATER ecology ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
This article provides a summary of the paper "The Role of Caimans in the Nutrient Regime in the Mouth-Lakes of Amazon Affluents" presented by E.-J. Fittkau at the Spring Meeting of the Tropical Group of the British Ecological Society held in London, England, on April 24, 1969. According to the paper, the formerly abundant caimans of the central Amazon region have nearly become extinct because of the demand for their hides. It highlights the existence of close interdependence between caimans and the fish in the Amazonian water-bodies.
- Published
- 1970
29. LONDON MEETING.
- Author
-
A. R. C.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,VEGETATION management - Abstract
Information about several papers discussed at the British Ecological Society's meeting on March 30, 1950 at the University College in London, England is presented. N. C. W. Beadle of Sydney University tackled the paper titled "Problems in identifying the climax vegetation." Other speakers including H. Godwin, A. R. Clapham and T. G. Tutin expressed their favor towards the concept of a multiple-factor determination of stable vegetation in any area.
- Published
- 1950
30. SYMPOSIUM ON 'THE ECOLOGY OF CLOSELY ALLIED SPECIES'
- Author
-
Harven, L. A.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY conferences ,ECOLOGICAL surveys ,COMPETITION (Biology) - Abstract
Information about the British Ecological Society's symposium titled "The Ecology of Closely Allied Species" held at the Burlington House in London, England on March 21, 1944 is presented. Topics include the origin and persistence of species, ecological surveys of a variety of habitats, and ecological competition. The symposium features sixty members of the society and other ecologists.
- Published
- 1945
31. British Sociological Association.
- Author
-
Madge, John
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGICAL associations ,ANNUAL meetings ,SOCIAL change ,SOCIOLOGISTS ,MEMBERSHIP - Abstract
This section presents updates on the British Sociological Association in 1955. It was decided at the Annual General Meeting in March 1955 that the office of the president should be created so that it might be possible to invite an eminent sociologist to become associated in this way with the association. The president would hold office for one year and would be eligible for re-election. This decision was endorsed by the majority of the members voting by postal ballot and the constitution has been amended accordingly. Professor Morris Ginsberg has been invited to be the first holder of the office for the remainder of the current year and has been pleased to accept. On October 14, 1955 the association will hold a meeting on problems of social change and causation at the University of London in England. Meanwhile, the Urban Sociology Study Group and the Industrial Sociology Study Group will resume their monthly meetings in October 1955. The possibility is being investigated of forming a third study group for examining the territory on which the interests of psychiatrists, psychologists and sociologists meet. Furthermore, the association welcomes applications for membership from younger sociologists and others whose disciplines are related to sociology. It offers student membership for those occupied in full-time study at an institution of higher learning. Student members have all the advantages of full membership except the power to vote and make nominations. Subscriptions for 1955 will be waived for all members whose applications are accepted between now and the end of the year. Particulars will be sent on application to all those interested.
- Published
- 1955
32. Social Origins and Social Aspirations of Jacobean London Merchants.
- Author
-
Lang, R. G.
- Subjects
BUSINESSMEN ,INTEGRITY ,BUSINESS turnover ,REAL property - Abstract
This article attempts to set out a data that tends to support professor T.S. Willan's view of the integrity of the merchant class in England as suggested in his book "The Muscovy Merchants of 1555." Willan suggested in his book that few of the Londoners who were charter members of Muscovy Co. were sons of gentry, rather it was lesser provincial families who sent their sons to London, England. He also suggested that few of the Muscovy merchants retired altogether from London, and that those who did were exceptional. The evidence from which these data are drawn is based on a survey of the lives of 140 men; that is, those citizens of London who were aldermen in January 1600 and those who were elected to the Court of Aldermen between the beginning of 1600 and the end of 1624. These men comprise a sample of London's richest citizens in the early seventeenth century. By drawing mainly on three sources: the inventories of estates summarized in the Common Serjeant's Books in London, wills and assessments for the subsidy, it is possible to estimate that 55 of the 140 citizens in the sample were worth over 20,000 pounds in goods at the times of their deaths.
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN THE PRACTICE OF FORESTRY.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,MEETINGS ,FORESTS & forestry ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,ECOLOGY ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
The provides information on the joint meeting between the British Ecological Society and the forestry societies of Great Britain in the rooms of the Linnaean Society at the Burlington House in Piccadilly, London, England. Chairman Captain C. Diver referred to the growing necessity for liaison between foresters and ecologists. Professor A. G. Tansley welcome the desire of the Forestry Commission to make closer contact with ecology.
- Published
- 1944
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING, 1922.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGISTS ,ORGANIZATIONAL finance ,PROFESSIONAL associations - Abstract
Information about the topics discussed during the 9th Annual Meeting of the British Ecological Society that was held on December 16, 1922 at the University College in London, England is presented. The topics discussed focused on the financial performance and state of the society in 1991. The speech of the society president Dr. Lloyd Praeger is also presented as well as the report of the society secretary.
- Published
- 1923
35. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, MAY, 1915.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
The article discusses the highlights of the Second Annual Meeting of the British Ecological Society held at the University College in London, England. The progress of the Society in terms of membership and finance were discussed by its secretary and treasurer. The nominees for new officials of the Society were announced by its president A. G. Tansley. Speaker E. P. Farrow discussed the vegetation of the sandy heaths of the East Anglian inland area in Norfolk and Suffolk, England.
- Published
- 1915
36. THE BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
- Author
-
A. G. T. and Adamson, R. S.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECOLOGY ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
The article discusses the highlights of the annual general meeting of the British Ecological Society on May 23, 1914 held in the Botanical Lecture Theatre at University College in London, England. Several officers were elected including professor F. W. Oliver, W. B. Crump and O. V. Darbishire. A general statement of the financial position of the Society up to December 31, 1913 was presented by the treasurer. Society president, A. G. Tansley, delivered an address citing the Society's achievements.
- Published
- 1914
37. Cloth Exports, 1600-1640.
- Author
-
Gould, J. D.
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL trade ,EXPORTS ,TEXTILE industry ,ESTIMATES - Abstract
This article analyses cloth exports between 1600 to 1640 from London, England. To test this conclusion it is necessary to transform the quantities of short-cloth exports into values in order to permit them to be added to the given values of exports of new draperies. It will be noticed that the estimates of the share of London and of the out-ports in the national total are not particularly sensitive to the value chosen for the short-cloth. On the other hand, the various uncertainties in the basic data on quantities and prices and the fact that different years have to be chosen for different ports imply that the margin of error in many of the figures must be considerable. It is true that a further decline of wool exports and of the older style of "worsteds", of which a few were still exported in the mid-sixteenth century, is to be offset against this increase. But wool exports on the eve of the debasement appear to have been only about 5 per cent of the total by value, and worsteds substantially less than that.
- Published
- 1971
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Country Gentry and Payments to London, 1650-1714.
- Author
-
Davies, Margaret Gay
- Subjects
BALANCE of payments ,SOCIAL groups ,FOREIGN exchange ,TERMS of trade ,TEAMS in the workplace ,INCOME ,CAPITAL movements - Abstract
This article focuses on the role of the country gentry in the adverse balance of payments in transactions involving London, England. For the economic historian a series of questions about balances of payments is inherent in this fact, not only for such other centers and for regions but also for occupational and social groups. Among the latter, the social group which must continuously have shown, from every district of its habitation, an adverse balance of payments in transactions involving London was the country gentry, especially those among it who regularly spent several months of each year in London as their occasions required: as members of Parliament; visitors to London whether or not Parliament was in session because social and business interests could better be cultivated during the season; or courtiers or office-holders. Coming to London thus, for a career, for business for pleasure, most likely for all three, staying often for two or more months at a time in lodgings, houses or parts of houses which they rented, or permanent residences which they owned, their need for funds to spend in London was insistent during such periods, while their incomes were for the most part drawn from country sources. To make these incomes available in London was an essential duty of estate stewards.
- Published
- 1971
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The sociology of the betting shop.
- Author
-
Newman, Otto
- Subjects
GAMBLING ,SOCIAL interaction ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
The article focuses on the betting shop located in London, England's East End street market. A market in which the large number of stalls offer a rich variety of commodities, chiefly foodstuffs and apparel. The accent is on price, on repeatable bargains, clearance lines, bankrupt or fire stocks, with occasional innuendoes to bargains owing their value to stuff being nicked. The market is patronized largely by the local population, a heterogeneous mixture of White and Black, Gentile, Jew and Moslem, of firmly rooted and transient, locally born and bred and recently immigrated. They all seem to be able to count on their stable, regular clientele. Although punters, apart from other considerations affecting preferences, will after a prolonged unsuccessful run be inclined to switch custom. Naturally some punters will change under impact of external forces, new job, new home, a new set of mates, and many others, the floaters, will lay their bets at whichever betting shop happens to be most convenient at the time.
- Published
- 1968
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. THE REPORT OF THE ROYAL COMMISSION ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN GREATER LONDON.
- Author
-
McIntosh, Marjorie
- Subjects
PUBLIC records ,LOCAL government ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,MUNICIPAL services - Abstract
According to the Report of the Royal Commission on Local Government in Greater London, 1957-60, the government of London, England is a great political prize for any political party since the area reviewed in the report contains nearly one-fifth of England's population and one-third of its rateable value. The region has burgeoned from its center and physically distinguishable areas have become clotted urban settlements. Many circumstances have contributed to this extension. London is the political capital and judicial center, housing the country's major cultural and professional activities and supplying its means of conspicuous consumption. It is the largest port, an international commercial center and an important industrial region. Developments in communications and in power supplies have located employment and housing throughout the region and have enabled people to travel considerable distances for work and recreation. In such an area, life offers attractions, varieties of work and play and high-quality public services. Thus, despite persistent efforts to restrict its insidious growth, the region will continue to generate pressure for high density development and expansion.
- Published
- 1961
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. OLD AGE IN LONDON AND SAN FRANCISCO: SOME FAMILIES COMPARED.
- Author
-
Young, Michael and Geertz, Hildred
- Subjects
DOMESTIC relations ,MOTHER-daughter relationship ,KINSHIP - Abstract
This article presents results of a study conducted in two suburbs outside London, England and San Francisco, California, respectively, to ascertain family relationships. It was found that the groups were found to be similar, when in both cases, parents in their old age maintained close ties with their adult children both in terms of geography and frequency of contact, and daughters play consistently more important parts in their parents' lives than sons. The difference was that a larger proportion of the American group have knowledge of and pride in their pedigree, while the English group have relatively little knowledge of ancestry. The study was carried out on a countrywide basis in a limited way with a group of 3,964 for the U.S.A. and 900 for Great Britain. Results of the study suggest that old people generally maintain close links with their children and that the mother-daughter tie is the central nexus of the kinship network of industrial societies. Concern for ancestry seems to be more pronounced in the U.S.A. than in Great Britain. But in view of the size of the inquiry these statements are not so much findings as suggestions for further research.
- Published
- 1961
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Social Class and Politics in Greenwich.
- Author
-
Benney, Mark and Geiss, Phyllis
- Subjects
POLITICAL sociology ,POLITICAL participation ,POLITICAL culture ,CITIES & towns - Abstract
If it were deemed expedient at this stage of the analysis of the Greenwich data to arrive at positive conclusions, the main one would probably be that social class, in one or other of its protean manifestations, is the chief determinant of political behaviour. The Hall-Jones scale, by providing us with an independent instrument for the measurement of accorded status, enables us to probe with more confidence the sometimes subtle relationships between accorded and subjective status, and to demonstrate the differential effects of such factors as age and kinship. It also enables us to assess objectively the class structure of the local political organizations. This structure conforms closely to the public image of the parties, as the electorate views them, and voting appears to be more closely related to this public image of the parties than to the detailed policies they propound. The classes vote for themselves to an unequal extent, both in fact and by admission. Data on the voting intentions of family, friends and co-workers suggest that the more politically homogeneous the individual's social environment, the more likely he is to vote according to the predispositions of his class ; and conversely, where an individual finds himself in political disharmony with his social environment, he is likely to betray the fact in his indecisions and vacillations. This survey was made possible by an initial grant from the Elmgrant Trust, supplemented by a grant from the Department of Sociological and Demographic Research, London School of Economics. It has been conducted under the guidance of a steering committee consisting of the late Prof. H. J. Laski, Prof. W. A. Robson, Prof. M. G. Kendall, Prof. D. V. Glass, Mr. Michael Young and Dr. Henry Durant of the British Institute of Public Opinion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1950
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. The National Industrial Relations Court in 1972--A Personal History.
- Author
-
Hills, D. H.
- Subjects
LABOR courts ,INDUSTRIAL relations ,ADMINISTRATIVE acts - Abstract
The article focuses on the National Industrial Relations Court in Great Britain that came into existence on December 1, 1971, with Commencement Order No. 3 under the Industrial Relations Act of that year. The Court began its life with a backlog of work in the form of 48 appeals from industrial tribunals concerning the Redundancy Payments Act-appeals which were then still waiting for a hearing in the High Court in London, England or in the Court of Session in Edinburgh, Scotland. It proceeded to dispose of the bulk of these with sittings in the new Industrial Court premises in London and Edinburgh. It also began to hear redundancy appeals lodged directly from December 1 onwards, so that it was with the Redundancy Payments Act rather than the Industrial Relations Act that the Court was primarily concerned in this period. Of the 34 new cases received in the 3 months December to February, no fewer than 31 were redundancy appeals. So far as the image of the court presented to the public was concerned, it must have seemed as if the policy of "non-co-operation" with the act was working.
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY TROPICAL GROUP.
- Subjects
SPECIES ,RAIN forest ecology ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
Reports on a symposium on speciation in the tropical environment, organized by Linnean Society of London in London, England from October 31 to November 1, 1968. Ecological interpretation of bid speciation; Ecological factors which accelerate the rate of speciation in the tropics; Three main kinds of species in tropical rain forests.
- Published
- 1969
45. Shakespeare and The Tempest, II.
- Author
-
Neilson, Francis
- Subjects
INTELLECTUALS ,SCHOLARS - Abstract
This article focuses on John Shakespeare, father of William Shakespeare. Shakespeare's father was born at Snitterfield, and moved early in life to Stratford, four miles away. There are records of his breaking certain ordinances, and of his being fined for making a "muckhill at chamber's door." But it is not necessary here to go over the ground examined so carefully by recent scholars concerning the business and municipal troubles of John Shakespeare. A place even so remote as Snitterfield, lying at the heart of England, was not proof against rumors of the wicked events taking place in London, England nor could it be left in ignorance of the risings of discontented people in many of the other shires. It is not likely that Warwickshire was exempt from the exactions of arbitrary rule, arbitrary taxation, and other impositions which not only violated the conscience of the folk, but laid upon their backs burdens hard to be borne. However, there is something of importance to be considered, which has only been touched upon lightly by the recorders. It has to do with the grave economic and political happenings that were taking place in England for many years before Shakespeare was born.
- Published
- 1956
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. England and the Balance of Power.
- Author
-
Neilson, Francis
- Subjects
BALANCE of power ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,POWER (Social sciences) ,PRICE inflation - Abstract
The article reports that the conduction of domestic affairs in Great Britain is so serious that a crisis may be reached before the government's curbs upon inflation have had the desired effect. The reports reaching this country from the London, England correspondents of our chief newspapers should make our administration, our bankers and our industrialists take heed while there is time to save ourselves from a like predicament. In foreign affairs conditions are no better than they are at home. The troubles of the Near East are indicative of a restlessness of native peoples that may cause the loss of Great Britain's control of her life line from the Antipodes, Polynesia and India. Each day we learn of grave outbreaks that threaten further loss of England's long-established outposts, which have guarded the critical area from the Gulf of Aden to the Archipelago. It is a lap full of trouble that faces Sir Anthony Eden's government. And now many people of this generation are wondering what has happened, and why Great Britain has fallen from her high estate to that of a third-class power.
- Published
- 1956
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. "All That Glisters Is Not Gold": A Devaluation of the Elizabethan Age, II.
- Author
-
Sherwin, Oscar
- Subjects
POVERTY ,PLAGUE ,COMMUNICABLE diseases ,SERVICE industries workers ,RELIGIOUS institutions - Abstract
The article informs that enclosures were an important cause for poverty and vagabondage. But discharged soldiers, poor servants swelled the ranks. These with wild rogues, or men born in the profession, and young shifting gentlemen, formed the backbone of the ragged army. They were feared by gentry and common people alike. Again dissolution of the monasteries brought additional recruits. Decayed clerics and monastic retainers, valets, bakers, brewers, butlers, laundry workers, cellarers, gardeners, and the rest of the army that waited on the monks, thronged the roads and turned to a calling of deceit. There were 43,154 deaths, of which 35,104 were from the plague. The population of London and its outskirts was about 250,000, so that one-sixth of the population perished in one year." The plague lost its virulence with the approach of cold weather. By December the rich runaways were returning and within one year christenings regained their customary number. The plague was a poor man's disease and flourished in unsanitary alleys and in the swarming rat-ridden tenements. amongst the ill-fed, ill-clothed, and ill-housed. It was exceptional to find a victim of mark and memory.
- Published
- 1947
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Henry George: The English Land Reform Campaign.
- Author
-
De Mille, Anna George
- Subjects
ECONOMISTS ,LAND reform ,AGRICULTURAL policy ,LAND economics - Abstract
The article focuses on the English land reform campaign of U.S. political economist Henry George. Upon his formal arrival in London, England in January, the American was greeted by a large delegation from labor organizations, and from the roof of a "four-wheeler" he delivered an address, thanking them for their welcome and explaining his purpose in coming to England. Although George's campaign was being financed by members of the Land Reform Union, some members leaned towards the doctrines of economist Karl Marx. Be that as it may, George, upon his arrival in London in 1884, had to define his principles to another group in the Land Reform Union besides the Socialists. He had to reaffirm that he did not believe in compensating landlords, in the application of the taxation of land values. If the land belonged "in usufruct" to the people, there was no justice making the people buy back what was by right their own. After making clear his own course, on the subjects of Socialism and compensation, to the various factions who wanted to swerve it, he started forth to face the common enemy, symbolized in England as "the Dukes."
- Published
- 1945
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. BRITISH SOCIETY FOR IMMUNOLOGY.
- Subjects
MEETINGS ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,IMMUNOLOGY ,TROPICAL medicine - Abstract
Highlights the meeting of the British Society for Immunology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in London, England. Attendees; Topics discussed; Schedule of the event.
- Published
- 1959
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