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This study examined inmate perceptions of the value of membership of penitentiary residential unit management committees for the rehabilitation of inmates. The degree of favorabIeness of inmate perceptions of the committees was treated as a function of their participation in a number of other penitentiary programs. It was found that categorization of inmates in this way was useful for identifying and explaining differences in their perceptions of the utility of membership of the residential committees for rehabilitation, It was also found that in the case of three programs-group therapy, playing bridge, and individual counselling of inmates by classification officers-participants had significantly more favorable perceptions of residential committees than nonparticipants. A comparison of the perceptions of residential committees by these inmate samples and staff disclosed that only participation in counselling by classification officers and playing bridge resulted in inmates' perception of the committees becoming as favorable as those of the staff The conceptual framework of the study employed dissonance theory to account for the effect of participation on inmates' perceptions of the committees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of new towns in Scotland became a matter of government policy after the passage of the New Towns Act, 1946. These New Towns were initially conceived as serving three quite different purposes in the rehousing of excess population from the Clydeside conurbation, the accommodation of workers for planned industrial development, and the rehabilitation of small, depressed industrial communities. In addition, there was the hope that all new towns, built for whatever purpose, would stimulate new industrial development to offset the decline in traditional activities. In both the planning and the construction of New Towns, the first purpose has received the greatest emphasis but it is as industrial growth points that the New Towns have scored their greatest successes.

The usefulness of applying the concept of position salience, derived from Sarbin's approach to social self-development, to the social functioning of the psychiatric patient was investigated. The general prediction was that a paucity of position salience is related to poor current and future social functioning. The measure of position salience discriminated between psychiatric patients who were ready for hospital release and those who were not, and between normals and psychiatric patients who were not ready for release (current social functioning). Position salience was related to future rehospitalization of the psychiatric patient (future social functioning). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study, investigated relationships between variables related to "nationality," interpersonal values, attitudes, and personal contact with the disabled. its major hypothesis was as follows: The values and attitudes of Ss in the three nations of the report parallel an underlying postulated continuum of socioeconomic-educational modernization, from modern to traditional in the following order-United States, Colombia, Peru. There were 103 Ss from Wichita, Kansas; 67 from Bogota, Colombia; and 38 from Lima, Peru--all professionals from the special education and rehabilitation speciality. The predicted order was confirmed for seven of the 10 variables. Of the three variables not confirmed, rapid and violent changes within Colombia were thought to be the primary determinants. The Colombian reversals may also have reflected either an overacceptance of progressive values or an ambivalence toward changes that have been' accepted but not meaningfully articulated within the culture. Generally, the data supported the hypothesis that the disabled are viewed more positively in modern than in traditional societies'. There was also support for the hypothesis that progressive attitudes toward education are. positively related to the "modern" end of the socioeconomic-educational continuum of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a comparative study of a group of alcoholics with some selected nonalcoholics in terms of a positive concept of mental health reflected in a recent standardized personality test, the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI). The results of the investigation appear in general to corroborate organismic self-concept theory with its correlative construct of the self-actualized individual. Thus there were very few significant differences, between male and female alcoholics, and alcoholics and another nonself-actualized group. On the other hand, a comparison of alcoholics and a self-actualized group revealed many significant differences. Similarly, there were many significant differences between alcoholics and a group of normal individuals. The lack of significant differences between alcoholics and their spouses appears to substantiate the contention that an alcoholic problem for one family member also influences the dynamics and adjustment of the spouse and other family members. It is therefore suggested that the various approaches to family therapy and family counseling possibly represent some potentially useful strategies for future empirical research in connection with the rehabilitation of the alcoholic.

The article presents a discussion related to creativity in the criminal. That somebody missed the boat in the task of harnessing the creative gifts and talents described in this article, to social purposes and social satisfactions. Such personal resources are rare both in the general and the prison population. The U.S. believes, however, in providing guidance and help for those individuals who possess creative talent, where they are members of the community at large. An extension of this attitude to the convict with creative gifts seems warrantable and humane, particularly in relation to the problem of rehabilitation, and will probably return eventually to the community a value which will far exceed the cost of the guidance thus provided. In short, the provision of a social agency or institution, whose function is to detect those exconvicts with creative abilities of one sort or another, in order to find a socially useful place for them and their talents in the larger community, would prove to be practical and beneficial. Such an agency would have the satisfaction of restoring the birthright of freedom to ex-convicts in a way which would make that freedom more valuable. At the same time, irreplaceable human resources would be salvaged for society.

Provides information on the social rehabilitative program of the Pittsburgh Hearing Society for young adults with hearing problems in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Purpose of agency-sponsored clubs; Hearing and speech problems of Young People's Group members; Details of program activities.

Presents information on the management of drug abuse problem at college and university campuses in the U.S. Discussion on the increasing number of college students with drug abuse problem; Overview of treating acute toxicity; Details of rehabilitation programs and efforts of school administration; Prevention of substance abuse in the college community.

The article presents a comparison of attitudes of four occupational groups toward education and toward physically disabled persons in Japan. The article is related to a larger cross-cultural research project which investigated relationships between attitudes toward disabled persons and postulated such determinants as interpersonal values, contact with the disabled, and selected demographic variables. The sample consisted of 211 adult subjects employed in various occupations in Tokyo, Japan. Four distinct occupational groups were represented in the sample: Those who work in special education and rehabilitation (SER), regular teacher, managers or executives, and laborers. The SER group was less traditional and more progressive in its attitudes toward education and more positive toward the disabled. The four groups were significantly different on the value scores of the SIV; the SER group being more asset and less comparative oriented. The predicted rank order of favorableness was empirically confirmed for 7 of the 11 variables for the occupational groups.

The artical presents information on the initial confession of Liang Hsiang of the Black Municipal Committee and of Lai Chu-yen, and Ma Ch'ing-jui of the Black Party Committee in the Bureau of Construction Work of China. They all acknowledged that Ch'en Liang, a college teacher, and his sons were forced to die by the bourgeois reactionary line. They agreed to rehabilitate them, and agreed that their will must be handed over. However, five months have passed, and they have not, to this date, done a single thing they said they would do. Ch'en Liang was labeled a counterrevolutionary by the Party committee of the Engineering Bureau during the initial period of the Great Cultural Revolution. He was driven to his death by the Liu-Teng-T'ao bourgeois reactionary line. The death of his two children was also caused by the fact that Ch'en Liang was being oppressed and mistreated by the Liu-Teng-T'ao bourgeois reactionary line, hence they too were oppressed and mistreated by the Liu-Teng -T'ao bourgeois reactionary line. The handing of the materials on Ch'en Linag was subject to unlimited exaggeration, reversal of black and white, confusion of right and wrong, and excerpting of articles to select meanings.

The article highlights the notice of the establishment of the Canton Municipal Construction System Committee against bourgeois oppression and ill-treatment and for rehabilitation in China. Since the beginning of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the old Party committee in the Bureau of Construction Work, under the control of a small handful of such people as Lai Chu-yen, Ma Ch'ing- jui, and others, all along faithfully carried out and implemented the Liu-Teng-Tao bourgeois-reactionary line; and under the orders of the capitalist-roaders in the black provincial and municipal committees, Chao Tzu-yang, Chiao Lin-i, and Liang Hsiang, the great direction of struggle was diverted, and the spearhead of struggle was pointed at the masses so that many of the revolutionary masses were cruelly oppressed and mistreated. And because of this they were labeled counterrevolutionaries, three-anti elements, true rightists and false leftists, etc. Up to today, although the Central Committee has already produced many important directives on the work of rehabilitation and although the provincial military control committee has sent down a document labeled Kuant-zu, capitalists still stubbornly implemented the bourgeois-reactionary line and never took the initiative for a thorough rehabilitation of the revolutionary masses who had been mistreated.

Presents an abstract of the article 'Music as an Adjunct in the Training of Children with Cerebral Palsy,' by William Benham Snow and Beatrice Fields, published in the June 1950 issue of 'Occupational Therapy and Rehabilitation.'

Discusses ways in which men develop deafness as a result of war and provides readjustments through the article 'The War Deafened and Their Rehabilitation,' by Edgar E. Poos.