Search

The article presents abstracts of papers presented at the 47th annual meeting of the Association of American Geographers, held at Chicago, Illinois between march 19, 1951 and march 22, 1951. Lewis M. Alexander presents the paper Survey of Commercial Rivalry between the North Sea Ports of Belgium and the Netherlands. Homer Aschmann presents the paper Consumer-oriented Classification of the Products of Tropical Agriculture. Tracy B. Augur presented the paper on Regional-Urban Relationships. George Beishlag presented the paper on What Cartography Can Do for Geography Students.

The article reports on the development and use of behavioral objectives for improving the field experiences in student teaching presented by the Directors of Student Teaching at the State of Illinois Colleges and Universities, both private and public institutions. A form of position paper regarding this importance issue was made to present the opinions of the directors. The behavioral objective is to examine narrowly the work of the beginning teacher and focus attention on defined skills and behaviors to be achieved. The development and use of behavioral objectives are one approach on the problem of making pertinent efforts on improving the teaching education.

The article presents a factorial analysis of the relation of the press to voting in Chicago, Illinois. It was possible to obtain for 47 selected areas in the city of Chicago information regarding the home coverage of the four leading daily newspapers. For the Republican primary elections (April, 1930 and February, 1931) the percentage of the total vote received by each of the leading candidates was used, and for the general elections the percentage of the total received by the Democratic candidates. The U.S. national dailies "Chicago Tribune" and the "Chicago Daily News" both opposed the Republican party in the Republican primary of 1931, endorsed the Democratic candidate for mayor in the final election, opposed the U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt for the presidency, and endorsed the Democratic candidate for governor. Since the Republican candidate ran against the Democratic candidate in the mayoralty election, these two newspapers were consistently opposed to the Republican faction in state and local politics.

The primary data for this paper, the self-descriptions of respondents from a delinquent gang of Negro boys, were obtained in a Chicago Park District field house. The boys lived in an adjacent public housing project and hung on the corner near the field house and in the playground. The data were collected by a Youth Studies Program staff member who had spent a number of days as an observer of the gang. He was assisted by the gang's detached worker. Following administration of the questionnaire to the gang boys, these men joined efforts and located 23 non-gang boys of similar ages, who also lived in the same project, to serve as control subjects. Administration required about an hour and a half; the paired comparison instrument in which we are primarily interested, about 20 minutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on minutes of the Ohio Valley Sociological Society's council meeting which was held on September 20, 1968 at Pick Congress Hotel in Chicago, Illinois. President William D'Antonio called the meeting to order. The minutes of the last council meeting were approved as corrected. There was discussion of the minutes of the executive committee meeting with the officers of the Midwest Sociological Society. There was discussion of the paper competition. The status of the student when the paper is completed will determine which contest it is entered in. This competition may include honors work and special projects as well as papers for courses. The following motion was made and unanimously passed. The editor of Sociological Focus may set up a special account to handle income and the expense of editing the journal. The editor is to give an accounting of this money to the Publications Committee, and this accounting is to be included in the Publications Committee's report to the council. A membership drive will take place utilizing the state chairmen. Reimbursement of mailing costs to the membership committee was authorized.

The article reports the acquisition of the papers of Victor A. Olander, secretary-treasurer of the Illinois Federation of Labors, as of September 1966 by the Urban Historical Collection at the University of Illinois in Chicago. The papers covered the period 1914-1964 and include materials related to labor affairs, legislative activities, working conditions, the proceedings of the federations annual convention from 1925-1964, and its newsletter from 1916-1966.

The article profiles Charles Caryle Colby, a geographer. Colby was born in Romeo, Michigan, on April 13, 1884. After a B.S. from the University of Chicago he became instructor and Head of the Department of Geography at Minnesota State Normal School in Winona, Minnesota. Charles Colby was an idea man, whether in the classroom, in the discussion of possible dissertations with students, in professional meetings, or in consultation with governmental agencies or on public issues. Colby was interested particularly in the people, places, and problems he knew personally. He had an intense loyalty to his own region and to his own discipline.

Describes a teaching approach for film studies at the Northern Illinois University in March 1974. Purpose of the course; Challenges in film history courses; Legal issues.

Regression upon principal components of the percentage points of the income and education distributions for 1950 census tracts in the city of Chicago led to the estimation of "beta coefficient profiles" for television receiver and refrigerator ownership, for central heating system usage, and for a measure of dwelling unit overcrowding. The betas are standardized coefficients of regression of a dependent variable upon the proportions of families in the classes of the marginal income and education distributions. They measure the relative contribution of families in these classes to the over-all per cent saturation of the dependent variable in the tract. The coefficients were estimated by techniques developed in the first portion of the paper; estimation by classical regression methods would have been impossible because of multicollinearity. The empirical results are in substantial agreement with findings from regressions of the dependent variables upon the mean values of income and education, and their squares. The statistical devices appear to be useful in exploratory empirical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an introduction of Robert S. Platt, Emeritus Professor of geography at the University of Chicago, who died of heart attack in his home at Chicago in 1964. He was born in an established and well to do family in Columbus, Ohio on December 4, 1891 and he attended elementary schools in that city. He majored in philosophy at Yale with a minor in history and graduated with election to Phi Beta Kappa in 1914. After a year in Yale-in-China where he was assigned to teach variety of subjects, including geography, he arrived at the University of Chicago to enter the Department of Geography, as a student.

Examines the research methods and the findings of several studies of urban business in Chicago, Illinois. Information concerning urban business pattern, including a classification of business types and shopping centers; Application of the classification of business types developed; Study of business establishments located in ribbons along major arterial highways.

Cites key findings from the field mapping of residential areas in metropolitan Chicago, Illinois, in the 1930s. Status of urban residential studies; Mapping schemes; Conditions explaining localizations.

The article presents information about various meetings that were held at the Fortieth Annual Meeting of the American College Health Association. The annual meeting was held from April 25, 1962 to April 28, 1962 in Chicago, Illinois. The Workshop on Health Insurance Plans for Student Health Service Programs focused on insurance plans for students. Information has been provided about research papers related to public health that were presented at the meetings.

The spatial and temporal distribution of delinquency has been described for a number of large metropolitan areas, but it is doubtful if juvenile delinquency has been followed as carefully and over such a long period of years in any other place as it has in Chicago. While the Chicago area studies were pioneering efforts in the field and probably have contributed much to our understanding of delinquency, it is risky to generalize these relationships and apply them to cities of other sizes or to cities whose population, social organization, and institutions are quite diverse. If generalization is considered a possibility, we must first determine the extent to which middle-sized cities have a range of social areas and institutions similar to those found in large cities: we would then look for and expect to find similar types and patterns of delinquency in middle sized cities as are found in large metropolitan areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the Experiment in Higher Education, an experimental speech education program conducted by Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville for several low-income, under-achieving youth from East Saint Louis, Illinois. Problems faced by the speech program; Ways in which orthodox speech teaching methods and programs were reoriented to meet the problems; Recommendations.

Presents the program of the first annual convention of the National Association of Academic Teachers of Public Speaking in Chicago, Illinois.

The article discusses the highlights the arms control seminar which was held at the University of Chicago in Illinois. Hedley Bull focused on his discussion the parallel shortcomings of the strategic arms limitation talks and examined the naval limitation treaties between the major powers which began in 1922. Several points were presented in the event which include that the limitation on Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles could leave the powers and smaller countries free to develop other weapons, and that the major nations are still maintaining the unreliable balances of power.

The article presents a speech by U.S. Representative Sidney R. Yates, delivered at a public hearing in Chicago, Illinois on January 13, 1969. He discusses the proposed plan of the Department of Defense to construct a Sentinel Anti-Ballistic Missile launch site in the state. He emphasizes the possible effect of the infrastructure on public safety whenever a human or mechanical error will occur in launching the nuclear weapon.

The article focuses on a lecture on the logic of liberty delivered at the University of Chicago in Illinois. The lecturer discussed convictions concerning the meaning of freedom in science, the scientist's commitment, the indefinite nature of scientific beliefs, the method of transmitting scientific beliefs, the authority of scientific opinion, and the constitution of scientific life. The implications of freedom are considered as a method of self-coordination. The authority exercised by scientific opinion is merely selective and not directive.

The article presents a discussion on radiation chemistry. It also cites a brief history of radiation chemistry which started in 1942 when a group of physicists met in Chicago, Illinois to outline a chemical attack on atomic energy. Radiation chemistry or photo-chemistry is a highly essential phase of atomic energy development. It also cites the studies conducted on the effects of high-energy radiation which resulted in the finding that chemical elements alone were chemically insensitive. It also presents the new types of radiation and examines the effects of high-energy radiation on biological materials.

The article offers a look on the birth of atomic power in the U.S. way back ten years ago. According to the author, the Illinois-based University of Chicago produced the first self-sustaining atomic nuclear chain reaction, an event considered to mark the opening of the atomic age. It assesses the meaning and sees how far the achievements of atomic technology are matching the opportunities of the present. He stresses that the effect of atomic weapons in deterring aggression has become evident and the industrial use of atomic power is well closer than at the close of the war. The dramatic story of the birth of atomic power is reviewed.

Features the life and works of George Henry Primmer, instructor of geography at Bradley University in Peoria, Illinois. Career background; Professional achievements; Factors influencing the interest of Primmer on geography.

The article reports on the new publication "The Journal of Aesthetic Education" which features scholarly examination and interpretation of aesthetic education. The release of this journal was announced by University of Illinois and the Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction in Springfield, Illinois. Articles which attempt to clarify the nature of related arts curricula at the high school level as well as papers which deal with any aspect of aesthetic education can be sent to its editor, Ralph A. Smith. Its first issue will feature articles, reprints as well as excerpts from curriculum theory and education philosophy.

The article reports that the Institute of Design in Chicago, Illinois became the Design Department at the state's Institute of Technology. The final papers for the move were signed by Institute president Henry T. Heald, Institute of Design president Serge Chermayeff and Institute of Design Corp. secretary Crombie Taylor. After operating at the near north side location of the Institute, the design department will transfer to Technology Center campus in the central south side. Heald explained that the Institute of Design curricula will still be used.

Examines the changing patterns of land subdivision in Chicago, Illinois. Analysis of the relationship between the city's actual pre-building growth patterns and existing theoretical descriptions of physical urban expansion; Correolation of the changing patterns of land subdivision with transportation lines, parks and settlements and with historical conditions; Irregular outlines of the pattern of subdivision and individual lot sale display within corporate Chicago.

Focuses on the circulation and land settlement patterns of the Calumet Region of Northwest Indiana and Northeast Illinois. Method used to gain intelligible time and space perspective of Calumet pioneer for regional development; Implication of environmental elements and their relationships for the study; Factors regarding pioneer circulation and settlement.

Examines the cemeteries of Chicago, Illinois. Number and distribution of cemeteries; Status of the cemeteries; History of the accumulation of cemeteries; Urban land use.

Focuses on the aboriginal stage of occupance of the Calumet-South Chicago region. Importance of a cartographic representation and chorographic analysis of the occupance patterns of circulation and settlement; Consideration of significant relationships of land and life; Application of the geographic functions to the study of the Indian-French period.

The presumed objectivity of statistical methods of comparative terrain studies has a powerful appeal in a science dependent largely on qualitative descriptions of terrain differences. Nevertheless use of statistical methods of terrain description and comparison has not been widespread. The article attempted to show that maps of average slope, although they have a quantitative aspect are highly subjective depictions of slope conditions in an area. The sources of the subjective element are, the arbitrary nature of the selection of slope categories, the determinative effect of the selected slope categories on the delimiting of areas of contrasting slope conditions, and others.

Explores microgeography in a piece of land in northern Illinois. Inclusion of microgeography and illustrations; Involvement of the interlocking of human life over the whole earth in problems of the time; Observation of establishments from a geographic point of view.

Discusses the ironic prologue and epilogue to the fire in the Iroquois theater in Chicago, Illinois. Impression created by James O'Donnell Bennett of the Record Herald, drama critic regarding the theaters; Design of the theaters; Lessons learnt by Will Davis, Klaw and Erlanger syndicate from the fire that struck the Columbia theater.

Outlines Peace Corps training program 'India II-Illinois' that was conducted at the University of Illinois in 1962. Components of the training program; Exercises used for Peace Corps volunteers; Need of communication training for Peace Corps volunteers.

Presents an update on various issues related to speech and theater arts in the U.S. as of April 1, 1960. Information on the art of speech contest judging; Plan of Illinois State University to offer a summer workshop for teachers who direct plays but no background in directing and theater work; Background information on the American Council on Education.

Presents excerpts from the minutes of the meeting of the Speech Association of America held at Conrad Hilton Hotel in Chicago, Illinois on December 28-31, 1958. Budgets submitted by finance committee; Elected candidates for the Tellers Committee; Proposed amendments to the constitution.

Provides information on the Interest Groups which are functioning as a part of the Speech Association of America. List of the members of the group; Number of members; Schedule of their meeting in Chicago, Illinois.

Presents information on symposium held in July 1952 in Chicago, Illinois on political speaking. Significance of interruptions made during Senator Everett Dirksen's speech; Differences between speeches of young speakers and older speakers; Controversies surrounding the speaker Douglas MacArthur.

Presents a series of articles by the President of the National Association of Teachers of Speech and by the program leaders of the 20th Annual Convention held in Chicago, Illinois.

Presents a report of the Committee on Speech Education in Teachers Colleges and Normal Schools regarding speech education in teacher-training institutions, during the annual convention of the National Association of Teachers of Speech in Chicago, Illinois on December 28, 1928. Functions of the committee; Members of the committee; Significance of the report for teachers of speech.

The article examines the thesis that African Americans are effectively excluded from the decision making process in the community level. The study focuses on a research of black powerlessness in Chicago that evaluates the extent to which Blacks are excluded from positions of influence in major institutional sectors. Their findings indicated that Negroes occupied only 2.6 percent of the top making policy-making decisions in the Chicago area. Black representation in Chicago was greatest in the elected public sector, welfare and religious voluntary organization and industrial unions. There was a virtual absence of Black representation in the policy-making positions of the private institutions such as business corporations, banks, insurance companies and universities. The research tests the hypothesis by examining the degree to which Blacks are found in key policy-making positions in the Milwaukee and Wisconsin metropolitan areas. A total of 4.930 policy-making positions in the business, public government ,academic and voluntary sectors were identified including the number of blacks holding the policy-making positions.

There is considerable evidence to support the proposition that spatial distances between occupational groups are closely related to their social distances. Several studies show that patterns of residential distribution by occupational stratification in a number of American cities in 1950 and 1960 are quite similar to the pattern which was initially observed for Chicago in 1950. There is some reason to believe that the generalization can be extended to include cities in other modern, urban, industrialized nations. There are those persons, on the other hand, who disagree. Theodore Caplow studied Aix-en-Provence (population approximately 27,000) about 1950 and concluded: "The familiar ecological principles which explain urban structure in the United States do not adequately account for urban structure in France…. Indeed, without the influence of uncontrolled land values, spatial distributions in France are often singularly inexpressive of social structure…. Neither the distribution of the population by social class, nor the distribution of institutions by class affiliation conforms to the fundamental spatial division of the community or to any other precise demarcation." It seems possible that this divergence of observations may be a consequence of difference in city size and classification, since studies in the United States have been limited to larger cities. Therefore, it seems worthwhile to make comparisons of residential segregation by occupation between cities which are more nearly alike in both size and function. Paris is the only city in France which approaches Chicago in size. It is true that Paris, a national capital, has more administrative activity, but it is also a raft center with extensive manufacturing, wholesale, and retail trade activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents information on a study on a state's contribution to American men of science. This study, based upon a questionnaire mailed to the 24,278 members of the 1922-23 "Who's Who in America," revealed that the majority of these notables of the 1920-30 decade were fathered by minority elements in the nation's population. In fact, seventy percent were fathered by less than seven and a half percent of the nation's men. This report is based upon the contributions of the state of Illinois to the 1927 edition of the Biographical Directory. The method used has been essentially survey in nature. The survey indicates that of the 13,500 men and women scientists included in the volume the state of Illinois has in some way contributed approximately 10 percent of the biographies. The data indicate that 625 men and women scientists were employed within the state in 1927. A total of 557 students received their degrees from institutions within the state. This group comprises approximately four percent of the 13,500 biographies in the 1927 edition.

The article discusses the ethical knowledge of delinquent and non-delinquent boys. A test was conducted to measure knowledge and understanding of the social code to 517 offenders at the Illinois State Reformatory. These young men ranged in age from 16 to 26 years with a median age of 19 years 4 months. Most of them had been committed for acquisitive offenses. In addition the code test was administered to three control groups: 416 junior and senior boys in a suburban high school in a community highly favored economically, 604 high schools boys in a small mining city in southern Illinois, and 148 graduate, undergraduate, and evening school students and men's Bible class members. It was found that delinquents were more liberal than the control groups in respect to liquor law violations and toward violations of the moral code on sex irregularities. The most conservative group on the religious items was the group of mining town high school boys; the delinquent boys were next most conservative religiously.

The article presents an experiment that was set up in order to ascertain whether the effect of a single motion picture on the social attitudes of school children could be measured by an attitude scale in the statement form. The plan was, in brief, to let the school children of one town see a film favorable to Chinese culture and in a second town the school children were shown a film that has been criticized as unfriendly to the Chinese. The results show that the attitudes of the children were changed in opposite directions in the two towns, thus demonstrating the effect of the films as well as verifying the methods used. The two towns selected for the experiments were Geneva, Illinois, and West Chicago, Illinois. The film "Son of the Gods" had been considered rather friendly in its interpretation of Chinese culture. One week before and the day after seeing this picture, the children filled in a statement scale about the Chinese. This attitude scale was constructed by the method of equal appearing intervals. The scale value of each statement is recorded for each opinion in the list.

Examines the effectiveness of methods of teaching principles of economics in Illinois. Availability of the Test of Economic Understanding for use in the regression analysis; Role of the teaching assistant in influencing variations in test scores; Link between attitude regression and positive attitudes toward the course.

This article is devoted to the examination of the residential arrangements of widows and of the reasons they do not live with married children. It is based on interviews with a modified area probability sample of 301 widows, aged 50 and over, residing in metropolitan Chicago, Illinois. The conclusion of the analyses is that older widows expect problems in living with married children or are enjoying the ease and independence of living alone sufficiently to offset its disadvantages. Although one-quarter of the widows live in arrangements, which they do not like, in terms of sharing a residence, most express satisfaction with their current location. The tendency toward, and satisfaction with, independent living is associated with age, education, and attitudes toward selected social relations, particularly toward children. Widows sharing a residence tend to be with never married children or those undergoing a disorganization of their marriage and to be the head of such a household. Very few Chicago area widows live in three-generation families.

The article presents a preliminary statement of a frame of reference for the collection and utilization of ethnographic and documentary data. This framework was developed as part of a six-year study of the Illinois zone center program. The Illinois Department of Mental Health has been decentralized into eight zones, with model comprehensive treatment facilities in some of the zones. Active community planning is emphasized. The overall study collates survey, interview, and records data to portray a comprehensive picture of the total community system for mental health care and control. The design of the study approximates the classic before/after with control model. Two counties are included, one served by one of the new zone mental health centers, and the other not. Baseline observations have been taken at the start of the study and will be repeated in another three years. In very general terms these data include: patient-flow data, mental patient careers, mental patient knowledgeability and attitudes, public attitudes and knowledgeable of services and facilities, referral patterns, and knowledgeable of frontline professionals such as physicians, clergymen, attorneys, peace officers and others.

Studies the basic course in oral interpretation at the University of Illinois. Experiment involving a full-time faculty member and nine graduate assistants; Findings on the effectiveness of an instructor experienced in using traditional methods, in teaching with effectiveness of the television method; Factors that draw attention on the implications of the experiment despite its limitations.

Highlights the 1958 joint meeting of the Legislative Assembly and the Administrative Council of the Speech Association of America held in Chicago, Illinois. Budgets submitted by the finance committee at the convention; Proposed amendments to the SAA Constitution; Report on election of the 1959 nominating committee.

Presents the minutes of the meeting of the Speech Association of America at Hotel Conrad Hilton in Chicago, Illinois on December 26 to December 29, 1956.

Information about the meeting of the Federation of American Scientists at in Chicago, Illinois on November 27, 1955 is presented. During the meeting, the scientists decided to urge the Atomic Energy Commission to declassify all technical information on reactors below a certain energy output, ask the State Department to consider the feasibility of negotiating an international ban on hydrogen bombs, and lend support to the suit of biochemist Martin Kamen.