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The article presents the speech of David C. Duncan as convener at the Annual Conference of the British Psychological Society in Birmingham, England in April 1958. Duncan highlights the three demands of a psychologist posed by Geoffrey Vickers's paper about the role of expectation in economic systems, as well as the three models of economic man discussed by G. L. S. Shackle's paper. Duncan points out the usefulness of the general theory of the normal behavior for the economist.

This study was undertaken by the Department of Social Science, University of Liverpool, in a large Liverpool manufacturing firm. The Department wishes to acknowledge the continued cooperation of this firm and its employees in research, which has extended over a period of years. The fieldwork and the preparation of the first draft of this report were undertaken by Mrs Pearson. Miss Penelope Hall and Miss Doris Read provided considerable guidance and advice, and Miss Hall edited the final draft. In this first paper a report is made on the aspects of the study numbered (1) and (2) below. A second paper will cover aspect (3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author of this paper, Secretary to a London Juvenile Advisory Committee, compares the methods of vocational guidance used in London with those which she found in Berlin. It will be noted that in Berlin the vocational psychologist is engaged in solving problems of selection rather than of guidance : he is usually asked to determine by a series of tests of abilities whether and, if so, in what degree a given child appears fitted for one specified occupation. The vocational adviser refers to the psychologist only about ten per cent. of the applicants for guidance—mainly cases where there is conflict of opinion or indecision or where skilled apprenticeship is under consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reprints the lecture "Remembering Dr. Myers," by F.C. Barlett on the works of English psychologist Charles Samuel Myers that was delivered at Cambridge University in Cambridge, England on November 8, 1964, which appeared in the 1965 issue of the "Bulletin of the British Psychological Society." Efforts of Myers to establish the Cambridge Psychological Laboratory; His attempt to apply psychotherapeutic measures to shell-shocked soldiers of the British Army in France during the World War I; His tenure as an editor of the "British Journal of Psychology."

This article discusses a study which examined the personality characteristics of business students in a technological university in Bradford, England. Since business courses are more directly vocational than many degree subjects, they can be expected to attract students with fairly precise vocational intentions. These students may be identifying themselves primarily with their future vocational roles. In terms of their values and personality characteristics they may have more in common with the practicing businessman than with other university students. One undergraduate entry into the Bradford School of Administrative and Business Studies comprised 41 students, of whom 37 completed questionnaires. The male and female students were sufficiently alike in the characteristics to be treated as one group. The American experience of students of low ability and low socioeconomic status taking up business studies more or less by default is apparently not being repeated at Bradford. Business students were similar to other students in their personality characteristics being if anything somewhat more extravert than the norm.

The article presents the transcript of the short paper "The Worthwhileness of the Interview," by Alec Rodger, which was read at a meeting of the University College Psychological Society in London, England on February 13, 1952. The author inferred that the reliability and validity of interview judgments tend to be low. He also averred that clinical practice can be represented by an interview and by various projective tests while personnel selection practice can be done through intelligence tests. Other relative information pertaining to the interview is also discussed.

Dr Heron is a member of the Medical Research Council's Unit for Research in Occupational Adaptation. This paper is an expansion of one presented to the Annual General Meeting of the British Psychological Society in April, 1951. and is a revision of part of a thesis accepted for the degree of Ph.D. in the University of London. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dr Cohen is at present on the staff of the Department of Psychology at Birkbeck College, London. He was until recently Professor of Psychology in the University of Jerusalem. Earlier, he was Technical Secretary of the War Cabinet Expert Committee on the work of Psychologists and Psychiatrists in the Services; and member of several other Government committees, including the Working Party on the Recruitment and Training of Nurses. Several of the suggestions made in this paper have been embodied in the 1951 UNESCO Progress Report on 'The Technique of International Conferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on occupational training programs for sales assistants in a retail store in London. The program consisted of 40 teaching frames together with a set of graded practice bills. It included instructions on how to fill in a bill, on the cash and despatch systems, and on the use of the delivery guide. Each item was presented on a separate piece of paper of the same size as the bill form because these forms were used at various points in the program. Correct answers were given on separate sheets immediately after each item. This method of presentation focuses attention on one program item at a time and it makes it easy to check responses because there is no risk of distraction by program items during the checking process. Almost all of the frames required a written response and the instructions emphasized careful checking of each response. The program was made up in the form of a pad of sheets held in a ring binder attached to a frame. Results were obtained from testing trainees after the final version of the program had become part of routine induction training.

A calendar of events related to industrial psychology in England for February 1934 is presented. An address by W. Raphael to King's College Department of Household and Social Science in London will be given on February 7. A paper by A. Rodger to Cambridge Training College for Women will be delivered on February 9. An address by Dr. G. H. Miles to the Association of Master Printers of West and North-West London will be on February 27.

Presents a speech by R.B. Buzzard, the chairman of the National Institute of Industrial Psychology, delivered at the Annual Conference of the Occupational Psychology Section of the British Psychological Society at Churchill College in Cambridge, England on January 2, 1970. Need to emphasize on the professional registration of occupational psychologists in Great Britain; Necessity of a representative body of practitioners to advise and guide the occupational psychologists; Steps towards some form of registration of practitioners whose practice has to do with the problems of work and people at work.

Reprints the lecture "Beyond Industrial Psychology," by R. Conrad that was delivered in Liverpool, England on February 14, 1967, which appeared in the "Bulletin of the British Psychological Society." Subject matter of industrial psychology; Necessity for another area of industrial psychology with the growing complexity of machines and equipment; Issues related to engineering psychology; Need for a psychological discipline which can examine problems beyond industrial psychology and beyond engineering psychology.

Reprints the lecture "The Mental Differences Between Individuals," by Cyril Burt that was delivered at the British Association Meeting in Liverpool, England in 1923, which appeared in the 1924 issue of "The Journal of the National Institute of Industrial Psychology." Problems and principles of individual differences; Investigation of distinction between intellectual and emotional characteristics of individuals; Examination of distinction between inborn and acquired mental tendencies of the individuals.

Reprints an article on the autobiography of English psychologist Charles Samuel Myers which appeared in the book "A History of Psychology in Autobiography," vol. 3, edited by Carl A. Murchison. His family and educational background; His efforts to initiate an examination in psychology at Cambridge University in Cambridge, England in his tenure as the Director of Laboratory at the university; His attempt to apply psychotherapeutic measures to shell-shocked soldiers of the British Armies in France during the World War I.

The article presents information on an experiment on teaching paired associates and training adult employees in the General Post Office's London training school in England. A good deal of experimental work on learning and ageing has centered round the committing to memory of paired associates. The advantage of this particular form of experimental material is that it readily lends itself to scoring while the effects of previous knowledge and experience are easily excluded. In order to provide a meaningful task, the material used for these experiments was similar to that used by the trainees in their normal training. The experimental task was to learn the relationship between the villages and counties. Pilot tests were conducted on experienced sorters to eliminate well-known villages. More recently the importance of active participation in learning has been stressed for the older learner. The implications of these experiments suggest that relatively small changes in the design of teaching methods can bring about significant effects in the efficiency of older learners. It should be borne in mind, however, that the method which leads to the most rapid acquisition of information will not necessarily be that which results in the greatest amount of retention. Numerous

Reports on the findings of a study regarding the characteristics of versatile workers in England. Comparison between flexibility and rigidity among the workers; Performance of the machinists; Predictors of response to change related to variations in worker performance following an innovation.

Describes an investigation of supervisors in the iron and steel industry in England as of October 1965. Categories of supervisory staff; Educational background of foremen; Relationship between the number of employees supervised and the department to which the supervisors are appointed.

The article focuses on a longitudinal study of absence among long-service employees of three Merseyside firms. Most studies of the relationship between age and absence in industry are based on comparisons of the absence records of cross-sections of people in different age groups during a particular period, but groups of people with the same birth-dates may have characteristics in common other than age, arising, for example, from their having grown up and started work in similar social and economic conditions. The essential weakness of the cross-sectional method is that it does not preclude the possibility of absence differences being due to other factors. This weakness may be overcome by studying the absence history of one group of individuals over a long period. One study has in fact combined the cross-sectional and longitudinal methods and reports agreement between data obtained from the two methods showing that length of certified sickness absence was higher for older workers. But the investigators also observe that in the case of frequency of absence, however, the suggestion of the cross-sectional method that high absence frequency is a characteristic of younger people is not supported by the longitudinal evidence.

Presents an editorial commenting on the Jubilee Conference of the National Institute of Industrial Psychology titled, "Man at Work: The Next Fifty Years," held on November 16, 1971, in London, England. Number of attendees in the conference; Guest speaker of the conference; Proceedings of the conference; Views of the speaker on the National Institute of Industrial Psychology; Manuscript of a history of attendance at work in mining waiting to be edited and published if the finance were available.