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Provides information on research films made in the study of child growth and development and disease patterns in primitive cultures of the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness. 'People of the Kuru Region'; 'Kuru: A Clinical Study'; 'Diseases of the Kuru Region.'

Presents a case report on the incidence of the ketotic hyperglycinemia in a child. Medical history and clinical assessment of the patient; Physiological analysis of the condition; Medical admission and treatment.

Four XYY infants ascertained from 1,066 unselected newborn infants have been for 2 1/2 to 3 1/2 years. None of them show any distinctive physical characteristics, though three of the four lack a C triradius in the palmar dermatoglyphics. All four are of normal stature. Three appear of normal intellect and personality. One is of borderline intelligence and by 2 years was exhibiting aggressive, defiant, and destructive behavior. There are great problems of what, if anything, to divulge to the parents when an XYY chromosome complement has been discovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical measurements were obtained from 2,632 healthy North American Negro children of low income families. Their ages ranged from 3 months to 17 years. Comparison with similar studies revealed the height and weight of the Negro children to be similar to those of North American Caucasian children. However, the head circumference and stem length were found to be consistently smaller than Caucasian children. At 1 year of age the weight head, and chest circumferences of Negro infants of this study were significantly smaller than the same measurements previously reported for infants of the same race from middle income families in the city. Comparison is also made with studies on Negro children in West Africa and Jamaica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study which summarized information on normal cell growth in mammals, functional aspects of cell growth and development and the application of such information to obesity and malnutrition. Methods for assessing normal cell growth; Chemical appraisal of cell morphology; Functional aspects of cell growth and development.

Presents growth grids for children 0 to 18 years of age which incorporate many of the recommendations set forth by the Committee on Growth and Development of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Maternal, Child Health Service of the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Clinical material and methods for the growth rates.

Congenital porencephaly originates early in fetal development as a component of diffuse cerebral malformation. In infancy the patients have clinical manifestations of local or generalized cerebral disease. Convulsions, delayed growth and development and focal motor deficits are the most common clinical findings. Skull films, transillumination and brain scanning are useful methods of examination. Intracranial pneumography is the definitive means of diagnosis. Roentgen studies in unilateral cases demonstrate characteristic changes. This pattern consists of ipsilateral calvarial enlargement and thinning, bilateral ventricular dilatation and contralateral shift of midline structures. Other anomalies of the cerebrum and meninges are often demonstrated on roentgen studies. The prognosis in these patients is guarded. Significant mental and motor retardation occurred in nearly all cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten girls, mature at birth, who suffered severe fetal growth retardation (< third percentile), but were without evidence of congenital disease, have been followed serially in growth and development for at least seven years. The five infants whose head circumferences at 1 year of age were found to be at or below the tenth percentile had, on the average, an IQ of ten points below the five whose head growth had reached the 25th percentile or better. No neurologic handicaps or significant school deficits were encountered in either group. The mean IQ of 103 for the whole group in this small sample indicated that severe undergrowth in single-born infants, uncomplicated by acute asphyxia or congenital disease, may not prejudice later mental development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identical twin girls with galactokinase deficiency are described. The diagnosis was made at 4 months of age when a random urinalysis in one twin showed a non-glucose reducing substance subsequently identified as galactose. Clinical findings were limited to bilateral perinuclear cataracts in both infants. There was no jaundice or hepatomegaly. While receiving an evaporated milk formula, the urines contained large amounts of galactose and galactitol. Erythrocyte galactokinase activity was absent in both patients, and 50% of normal activity was found in both parents. A "lactose-free" formula was instituted at 4 1/2 months of age. Growth and development has been normal over 24 months of treatment. The cataracts, however, showed no significant change. Galactose and galactitol excretion was markedly decreased, but not completely eliminated. The turnover of endogenous galactose-containing compounds may be responsible for the residual galactose and galactitol excretion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than 40% of all U.S. mothers of children of 18 years of age or younger are employed. The prevailing notion that employed mothers are deviant is examined with regard to published research literature. No uniformly harmful effects on family life, nor on the growth and development of children, have been demonstrated. It is concluded that conditions of employment, and the attitudes of other family members, probably influence the employed mother's relationship to her family by affecting her self-esteem and energy sources. Maternal employment may jeopardize family life when the conditions of her employment are demeaning to her serf-esteem, when other family members are strongly disapproving of her work away from home, or when mutually agreeable arrangements for children and housework cannot be made. Otherwise, maternal employment seems to offer many advantages to family relations and for the lives of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 9-year-old girl with vomiting, changes in behavior, coma, and evidence of hepatic dysfunction at 3 1/2 years of age was found to have hyperammonemia and decreased activity of liver ornithine transcarbamylase. When her dietary protein was reduced, she had improvement in her clinical condition and a return to normal of all hepatic function indices. Despite a defect in an enzyme of ornithine metabolism, she did not have hyperaminoacidemia, specifically hyperornithinemia, even when she had hyperammonemia. When she ingested a large amount of ornithine (300 mg/kg) she developed hyperornithinemia and hyperornithinuria. She also had orotic aciduria despite having normal activities of red cell orotidylic decarboxylase and pyrophosphorylase. Treatment with a low protein diet and citric acid supplements has been successful in preventing hyperammonemia and promoting growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Observations over a period of 6 years are reported on 10 children in whom the diagnosis of congenital sucrase isomaltase deficiency (SID) was confirmed by quantitative estimation of disaccharidase activity of the small intestinal mucosa. Repeat biopsies were performed on eight of the ten patients and showed no evidence that sucrase isomaltase activity is acquired. Sucrose tolerance tests (2 gm/kg) showed no significant rise in blood glucose in the patients in whom they were I performed, seven patients in whom they were performed. This condition may appear in young infants with severe diarrhea resulting in a malabsorption syndrome and failure to thrive. It may also be manifest in a milder clinical presentation with bothersome diarrhea in spite of normal growth and development in the older infant or young child. The diagnosis in this latter group can be difficult, and is frequently missed. Pediatrics, 49:847, 1972, CONGENITAL SUCRASE-ISOMALTASE DEFICIENCY, DISACCHARIDASE, INFANTILE DIARRHEA, MALABSORPTION, INTESTINAL BIOPSIES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sixty-six nonhydropic fetuses received intra-uterine transfusions for severe erythroblastosis fetalis; 24 survived the neonatal period--the youngest is now more than 1 year and the oldest 5 years of age. Serial evaluations of growth and development of the survivors were compared with their course in the perinatal period. Twenty-one were normal; one suffered severe central nervous system damage associated with severe cardiorespiratory failure, prolonged acidosis, and hypoxia during the neonatal period; one has a handicap due to hearing loss and one has a speech handicap. The results support the use of intra-uterine transfusion in appropriately selected fetuses when combined with aggressive treatment of cardiorespiratory distress and hyperbilirubinemia during the neonatal period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sex-chromosomal aberrations occur with a relatively high frequency and have been associated with mental retardation, perceptual problems, psychopathology, and growth abnormalities. Identification of this possibly high risk group at birth enables the study of their growth and development to determine if and when they deviate from normal. Routine screening of the chromatin constitution of 21,214 consecutive newborn infants has identified 32 babies with gross X chromosome abnormalities. Three died in the newborn period. During the past 5 years, 27 children have been followed from birth. The evaluation process consists of semiannual and annual physical and developmental examinations, psychological testing, growth measurements, pedigree analysis, dermatoglyphic analysis, home environment evaluation, and, in mosaics, repeated chromosome analysis. The patients with 45,X karyotypes have classical physical signs. The other patients have normal phenotypes, although several have minor physical manifestations such as clinodactyly and epicanthic folds. Overall development in all except two patients has been within normal limits. In mosaics, there is a tendency for the abnormal cell line to disappear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on the topics tackled during the 1969 Growth and Development Symposium. Relation of biological growth and environmental influence; Growth retardation during the early fetal stage; Medicine and medical care education in developing countries.

A one month old infant girl presented with weight loss, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and alkalosis, Hypokalemia and alkalosis persisted despite large potassium chloride supplements. She wits normotensive. An intravenous pyelogram (IVP) was normal, but renal function was reduced. On a normal sodium intake, plasma renin activity and aldosterone excretion were increased. Vascular volume expansion with albumin caused a sixfold decrease in both values, which nevertheless remained above normal. Renal biopsy revealed striking juxtaglomerular hyperplasia associated with a paucity, of secretory granules by several staining techniques Protogranules abounded. Subsequent growth and development, on supplemental potassium chloride and spironolactone, have been normal through 11 months. Twenty-two cases of Bartter's syndrome have been described since 1962. Theories of pathogenesis involving arteriolar unresponsiveness to angiotensin, renal salt wasting and hypovolemia, or neonatal renal damage have been advanced. Genetic factors, intrinsic pathology of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, and intracellular electrolyte abnormalities have also been implicated. In this highly diverse group of patients. Bartter's syndrome may represent the expression of more than one underlying disease process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One (or more) out of three marriages in the United States ends in divorce, involving numerous children. The result of a broken home by divorce may be similar to the death of the parent, affecting the emotional growth and development of children. Attention is focused here on the confusion in the parents and children, their projection and compensation for guilt feelings, retaliation by the use of the children, feelings of helplessness and magic in the children, their wishes to reunite the parents, the effects of relocation, and the influence of internal realignments on external realities. The initial emotional response is that of separation anxiety; following divorce finalization, there is a mourning reaction. The manifestation of these responses vary according to the child's age, sex, level of psychosexual development, previous history, and current arrangements. Some understanding and definite guidelines to visitation rights, parental dating, and remarriage are considered. If in spite of their own emotional upheaval the parents are alert to the child's anxiety or depression, they may be able to institute prophylactic measures. This requires parental cooperation which may be quite difficult. Here the advice and explanations of an informed and perceptive pediatrician may be of unique value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comments on the issue of poverty and illness in the U.S. Effects of poverty on the growth and development of children; Signs of the spread of poverty; Reason for the high infant mortality in the U.S.

Describes a severe form of cholestasis beginning in infancy and resulting in significant impairment of growth and development in siblings. Evidence suggesting a genetic basis for the disorder; Hematological calcium and phosphorus values of the affected siblings and their maternal aunt; Summary of histological observations of liver biopsies of the affected siblings and their maternal aunt; Occurrence of the disease in definite numerical proportions among individuals related by descent.

Presents an article that focused on baby's growth and development. Information on the book 'Babies Are Human Beings,' by Andy Aldrich; Description of the role of pediatricians.

Discusses the advantages of and methods for the study of childhood in primitive societies. Information on primitive childhood learning in diverse environments; Considerations in the study of child growth and development in primitive cultures; Production of short films as an educational material.

Focuses on the pediatrics symposium 'Growth and Development' held in Cleveland, Ohio on October 17, 1969, in honor of the late pediatrician William McLean Wallace. Sponsors of the symposium; Papers presented in the symposium; Background of Wallace.

Presents the text of a speech given by University of California Department of Neurosciences Chairman A. Baird Hastings in the 1969 'Symposium on Growth and Development' which deals with biological growth and metabolism.