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As a large part of the bryophyte collection of the late Pierre Tixier (1918-1997), deposited in the Cryptogamic Herbarium of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (PC), was unidentified, the Author has started to study the rich collection of Bazzania Gray species as well as some other taxa. They were not identified by Tixier, because during his lifetime the genus had not been revised yet. Long ago, the Author himself recorded nine species from northern Vietnam, and a couple of studies were published on Vietnam and neighbouring areas. Today, by identifying Tixier's collection, the number of Bazzania species known in Vietnam has been increased to 28. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Isle of Crete contains an important endemic fossil fauna that has been studied extensively in the past. An endemic fossil tortoise, Testudo marginata cretensis Bachmayer, Brinkerink & Symeonidis, 1975, had previously been named from Pleistocene cave deposits in the island, presumably being larger than the mainland species and having some important morphological differences as well. In this paper I revise these type specimens and describe for the first time numerous additional fossil specimens from the Pleistocene sites of Gerani IV, Zourida, Koumpes, Liko, Mavro Mouri IV, and Simonelli Caves (near Herakleion), Rethymnon fissure, and from the open site of Sitia in the eastern part of the Island. These specimens belong mostly to the marginated tortoise, but the presence of a terrapin is confirmed as well. These new fossils help to refute the validity of the Cretan subspecies, and change the range of the marginated tortoise during Pleistocene/Holocene times in the southern Balkans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phylogenetic and morphological analyzes were used to compare the samples collected in the Fernando de Noronha and Trindade Islands with the continental ones. A phylogenetic tree comprising 37 representatives of Fissidens Hedw. was constructed using plastid gene data (trnG and rps4). Specimens of F. flaccidus Mitt. and F. hornschuchii Mont. on the islands appeared to be genetically and morphologically similar to samples from the continent. Together these studies showed that the specimens identified as F. crispus Mont. from Fernando de Noronha differ from both those previously recorded on islands and those on the continent, leading us to describe a newly species. Furthermore F. steerei Grout is new recorded for Fernando de Noronha, Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The use of molecular tools in red algal diversity surveys often reveals the existence of undescribed species. Here, we report a new Macaronesian turf-forming red alga in the otherwise mostly Pacific genus Melanothamnus Bornet & Falkenberg. This new taxon, Melanothamnus macaronesicus Rodríguez-Buján & Díaz-Tapia, sp. nov. is described based on morphological and molecular (rbcL gene) evidence. Morphologically, it differs from other Melanothamnus taxa by a combination of characters that includes its decumbent habit with an extensive system of prostrate axes, small size (=2.5 cm), four ecorticate pericentral cells, unbranched to once-branched trichoblasts and spermatangial branches formed on the first dichotomy of trichoblasts that have a sterile apical cell. Molecularly, this new species differs from its congeners by sequence divergence =3.3% in the rbcL gene. Current known distribution of M. macaronesicus Rodríguez-Buján & Díaz-Tapia, sp. nov. is restricted to Macaronesia, suggesting that it could be endemic to this archipelago. Our findings suggest that endemicity among red algae might be more common than previously thought in this bioregion, particularly among easily overlooked turf-forming species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of several collecting trips to Madagascar in cooperation with the Parc Botanique de Tsimbazaza (Antananarivo, Madagascar) and the Missouri Botanical Gardens, five species new to science are described: Cheilolejeunea renigastria sp. nov., Cololejeunea translucens sp. nov., Drepanolejeunea tubana sp. nov., Lejeunea mamilliflora sp. nov. and Lejeunea tubulirostris sp. nov. Former Lejeunea alata var. patriciae is given species rank under the name of Lejeunea geisslerae nom. et stat. nov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present publication is the first modern catalogue of the liverworts and hornworts of French Polynesia and accepts 161 species of liverworts and 5 species of hornworts. In addition, 40 species are doubtful records of French Polynesia and 45 species are excluded. The checklist is mainly based on a compilation of published records; a few unpublished new records are included as well. The region has been explored very unevenly and liverwort and hornwort records are available for only ten islands of French Polynesia. Several islands of considerable surface area and elevation such as Fatu Hiva, Tahuata, Ua Pou and Ua Huka in the Marquesas, and Huahine and Tahaa in the Society Islands remain completely unexplored. In the Tuamotu Archipelago, only one atoll of the 60 has been surveyed (Makemo) and the number of reports for Gambier islands is quite low. The hepatic flora of French Polynesia appears to be relatively poor in species as compared to other Pacific island groups, such as the Fiji Islands (301 spp.) and New Caledonia (475 spp.) which are large continental islands (over 18 000 km²). Nevertheless, their floras show strong similarities at the family level. One species, Treubia tahitensis (Nadeaud) Besch., is only known from French Polynesia and may be considered endemic. The lack of endemic hepatic species in French Polynesia may be explained by the relatively small size, rather low elevation, low habitat diversity and recent geological age of the islands. It supports the notion that oceanic barriers do not operate as a major impediment to bryophyte dispersal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated the presence and ecology of Chirocephalus croaticus (Steuer, 1899) during three successive seasons (spring and autumn 2018, spring 2019) at Lake Petelinje (SW Slovenia). Although the presence (duration, abundance) of this fairy shrimp strongly differs among different seasons and both years, we showed that in a season with favourable conditions (spring 2018) its abundance increases rapidly at the end of the season as the shrimps persist in small pools until the water dries out. The species may appear again during the autumn, however, its abundance and persistence seem to be much lower and shorter than during the spring, respectively. Nevertheless, persistence and abundance may also differ strongly among the two successive spring seasons (less shrimps found during the shorter season of 2019 than in 2018). Larvae appear first, and are most abundant at the beginning of the season, and are followed by adult males (protandry) and females, which become most abundant at the end of the season. Also, larvae seem to be more abundant on exposed bottom (gravel path), while adults are much more abundant in the shelter of a submerged meadow. Ovigerous females had 9-37 cysts (fertilized eggs) in their brood pouch, and the position of differently developed eggs changed during the season; the presence of females without eggs during mid- and at the end of season indicates the production of thin-shelled summer, and thick-shelled winter cysts, respectively. In contrast with the water decrease that is in strongly negative association with the abundance of the fairy shrimps (lake size — abundance: r = − 0.56 , P < 0.001), no other environmental parameters were highly associated (r ⩽ | 0.38 |) with species abundance. Although the local population (one of only two currently known) seems to be in good condition, appropriate conservation action should be taken to prevent the decrease of this population in the future. Résumé: Nous avons étudié la présence et l'écologie de Chirocephalus croaticus (Steuer, 1899) au cours de trois saisons successives (printemps et automne 2018, printemps 2019) dans le Lac Petelinje (SO Slovanie). Bien que la présence (durée, abondance) de cette crevette diffère fortement selon les différentes saisons et les deux années, nous avons montré que dans une saison avec des conditions favorables (printemps 2018) son abondance augmente rapidement à la fin de la saison et que les crevettes persistent dans des flaques d'eau jusqu'à l'assèchement. L'espèce peut apparaitre de nouveau en automne, cependant son abondance semble être plus basse et sa persistance plus courte que pendant le printemps. Néanmoins, persistance et abondance peuvent aussi différer entre deux printemps successifs (moins de crevettes trouvées durant la courte saison de 2019 qu'en 2018). Les larves apparaissent en premier et sont plus abondantes en début de saison, elles sont suivies par des males adultes (protandrie) et les femelles qui deviennent plus abondantes en fin de saison. De plus, les larves semblent être plus abondantes sur des fonds ouverts (graviers), tandis que les adultes sont beaucoup plus abondants dans les abris de prairies submergées. Les femelles ovigères avaient 9-37 cystes (œufs fécondés) dans leur poche incubatrice, et la position des œufs à des stades de développement différents change au cours de la saison ; la présence des femelles sans œufs à la mi-saison et en fin de saison indique la production de cystes d'été à fine enveloppe et de cystes d'hiver à enveloppe épaisse. Alors que la baisse de l'eau est fortement associé négativement avec l'abondance des crevettes (taille du lac — abondance : r = − 0 , 56 , P < 0 , 001), aucun autre facteur environnemental n'a été aussi fortement associé (r ⩽ | 0 , 38 |) avec l'abondance de l'espèce. Bien que la population locale (une ou deux connues actuellement) semble être en bonne condition, une action de conservation appropriée devrait être prise pour éviter la diminution de cette population dans le futur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low levels of diversity and endemism, when compared to red or brown algae, have been reported for Antarctic green marine macroalgae (Chlorophyta). However, recent studies including the use of molecular markers have allowed us to revisit the taxonomical status of species thought to be well known, underlying the existence of unexpected Antarctic flora diversity at local and regional scale. In the present study, samples of green macroalgae along the Western Antarctic Peninsula (from the 62°S down to the 66°S) were sequenced for two genetic markers regularly used for species determination and barcoding in Chlorophyta (i.e., the plastid genes tufA and rbcL). From the 122 specimens of Chlorophyta sampled, 85 were sequenced for the gene tufA and 16 for the gene rbcL. Using the NCBI Nucleotide Blast Tool to compare our sequences to the ones available in public data depositories allowed the identification of 11 species. Three new species were reported for the area: Rosenvingiella radicans (Kütz.) Rindi, L.McIvor & Guiry, Urospora wormskioldii (Mertens) Rosenvinge and Ulvella islandica R.Nielsen & K.Gunnarsson. Furthermore, molecular identification revealed strong match (> 95%) between our Antarctic sequences and the ones obtained for samples from the northern hemisphere for Acrosiphonia arcta (Dillwyn) Gain, Prasiola crispa (Lightfoot) Kützing, Prasiola antarctica Kützing 1849, R. radicans, Ulva sp. A-GW, U. islandica, Urospora penicilliformis (Roth) Areschoug and U. wormskioldii confirming the amphipolar distribution of various taxa of Antarctic Trebouxiophyceae and Ulvophyceae. Amphipolar distribution seems more common in green than red or brown Antarctic seaweeds, so here we hypothesize that recurrent occurrence of long dispersal events could explain the low level of endemism observed for this phylum along the Antarctic coasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The flora of Cabrera Archipelago historically has received little scientific attention, due to its apparent little diversity and because it has been partly eclipsed by the important marine richness. In spite of this, the park's flora is quite rich, with c.500 species, with a high biogeographic interest (with endemic species to Cabrera, Gymnesians, thyerrenian area, and South-Eastern Iberian Peninsula) and also ecological interest (with unique ecological interactions). As for the alien and invasive plants, about 26 species, have been recorded, although it is necessary to periodically review their status. Currently, none of them represents an important ecological problem, being most of them restricted to the harbor area and military camp. In short, without practically anthropogenic disturbances, the flora of Cabrera National Park presents a good status of conservation, being an excellent outdoor laboratory to study how different species are adapting to the new conditions, both ecological and climatic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Une liste exhaustive des plantes aromatiques et médicinales (PAM) utilisées en médecine traditionnelle au Maroc a été établie, grâce aux données bibliographiques, en vue d'élaborer un référentiel national. À cette fin, une base de données a été créée, qui a permis d'étudier le statut, l'endémisme, la chorologie et le bioclimat des PAM recensées. Les résultats montrent que les trois quarts de ces plantes sont spontanées. Le nombre total d'espèces et de sous-espèces endémiques larges (présents uniquement au Maroc ou partagées avec les territoires limitrophes) s'élève à quatre-vingt-dix-sept. Un nombre important sont communes avec l'Algérie. La répartition des PAM entre les différentes divisions géographiques du pays montre que les plus grands effectifs se rencontrent dans le Rif, le Haut Atlas, le Moyen Atlas ainsi que les plaines et plateaux atlantiques du Maroc septentrional. Les principaux traits bioclimatiques de la flore aromatique et médicinale sont à peu près les mêmes que ceux observés dans l'ensemble de la flore vasculaire du pays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new fossil assemblages are described from Sin Charoen sandpit exploited in Phimai District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Northeastern Thailand. In this province, vertebrate fossils have been yielded from the Miocene to the Pleistocene deposits. The Miocene fauna has been documented in detail by a rich fossil record from several localities in Chaloem Phra Kiat District, while the Pleistocene fauna has been well studied in Khok Sung sandpit in Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima District. The fossil assemblage from the upper section of Sin Charoen sandpit is similar to the Middle Pleistocene fauna of Khok Sung, which is composed of extinct and extant species of mammals and reptiles. Moreover, the finding of Gavialis cf. bengawanicus and Duboisia santeng demonstrates a strong faunal relationship with Early-Middle Pleistocene faunas of Java (e.g., Trinil). The occurrence of large fluviatile turtles and gharials from Sin Charoen sandpit indicates that the past river system was more developed than today and that the Khorat Plateau was at a lower elevation at the time of deposition. The fossil assemblage from the lower section includes two rhinocerotids and an advanced form of the genus Stegolophodon and is similar to the Late Miocene fauna found in situ in the sandpits of Chaloem Phra Kiat District. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The Albian sediments of the Transdanubian Range in Hungary were deposited in non-marine to fully-marine environments. The studied sections revealed diverse benthic ostracod faunas with moderately-preserved specimens. Forty-six taxa are identified and Cypridea zalanyii n. sp. is newly described. The detailed palaeoecological study of these ostracod faunas provided an opportunity to distinguish eight assemblages. The assemblages include limnic, brackish lagoon, shallow marine, reef and low oxygenated semi-enclosed basin environments in the Northern Tethys region we investigated. This work contributes to the knowledge about Albian non-marine faunas from Europe and explores ecological requirements of brackish faunas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Bazzania konratiana sp. nov. is described from Mananara Nord Biosphere Reserve and National Park. The new species was collected from a wet lowland rainforest where annual rainfall reaches 3500 mm. It differs from the similar Bazzania approximata Onraedt, an endemic species from Seychelles, in its overall larger size, the thick-walled leaf cells with large bulging trigones and proportion of hyaline and chlorophyllose cells in the underleaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A faunistic inventory is proposed for the known Vietnamese scorpion species. The aim of this contribution is to bring an up-to-date checklist of all known species in Vietnam, prior to a more detailed study of the Vietnamese fauna to be performed by one of the authors (T.-H.T.) in the context of the preparation of a doctoral degree. Final taxonomic decisions should be taken at the end of the doctoral dissertation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El herbario del Instituto Botánico de Barcelona (BC) es la colección de plantas más importante de Cataluña y la segunda de España y es representativo de la flora de la región mediterránea occidental. Incluye la colección general y otras colecciones históricas (desde el siglo XVII hasta principios del XX). Los objetivos principales de este trabajo han sido evaluar la representatividad de los táxones endémicos y amenazados de Cataluña en el herbario así como aportar información de tipo cronológico y geográfico de intensidad de recolección y nuevos datos altitudinales, corológicos, cronológicos, fenológicos y de riesgo de sobrerecolección. Se ha analizado la colección general y una parte de los herbarios históricos informatizados (Cadevall, Hieraciotheca Gallica et Hispanica, Institució Catalana d’Història Natural, Salvador, Societat Botànica Barcelonesa y Trèmols [volúmenes I-XXI]). Se han encontrado ejemplares de Cataluña del 82,24% de los 304 táxones endémicos y amenazados. Las zonas más herborizadas son el valle de Ribes, Montserrat, el macizo del Port, la sierra de Cardó, el macizo del Montseny y la sierra del Montsec. Se amplía la distribución de Berberis vulgaris L. subsp. seroi O. Bolòs & Vigo y Stachys maritima Gouan. Se aportan nuevos datos altitudinales y fenológicos para nueve y 40 táxones, respectivamente. [ct] L’herbari de l’Institut Botànic de Barcelona (BC) és, pel seu volum, la col·lecció de plantes més important de Catalunya i la segona d’Espanya i és representatiu de la flora de la regió mediterrània occidental. Inclou, a banda de la col·lecció general, altres col·leccions històriques (des del segle XVII fins a principis del XX). Els objectius principals d’aquest treball han estat avaluar la representativitat a l’herbari dels tàxons endèmics i amenaçats de Catalunya així com aportar informació de caire cronològic i geogràfic d’intensitat de recol·lecció i noves dades altitudinals, corològiques, cronològiques, fenològiques i de risc de sobrerecol·lecció. S’ha analitzat la col·lecció general i una part dels herbaris històrics informatitzats (Cadevall, Hieraciotheca Gallica et Hispanica, Institució Catalana d’Història Natural, Salvador, Societat Botànica Barcelonesa i Trèmols [volums I-XXI]). S’han trobat exemplars de Catalunya del 82,24% dels 304 tàxons endèmics i amenaçats. Les zones més herboritzades són la vall de Ribes, Montserrat, el massís del Port, la serra de Cardó, el massís del Montseny i la serra del Montsec. S’amplia la distribució de Berberis vulgaris L. subsp. seroi O. Bolòs & Vigo i Stachys maritima Gouan. S’aporten noves dades altitudinals i fenològiques per a nou i 40 tàxons, respectivament.

Seseli farrenyi es un endemismo estrictamente catalán, que cuenta con un número muy reducido de poblaciones en la franja litoral norte del cabo de Creus (Alt Empordà). La especie ha sido catalogada como “En Peligro” (EN) según los criterios de la UICN basándose en una serie de estudios realizados a finales de los años noventa, incluyendo censos y cartografía detallada. Tras poco más de una década, la realización de un nuevo censo por parte del mismo equipo de investigadores revela una pérdida de más del 90% del total de individuos, así como la desaparición de la localidad clásica de la especie, justificando elevar su categoría de amenaza a “En Peligro Crítico” (CR). Una de las prioridades del plan de recuperación para esta especie (la redacción y aplicación del cual se deriva de la inclusión de S. farrenyi en el Catàleg de Flora Amenaçada de Catalunya) debería ser la realización de estudios demográficos que permitieran conocer las causas de este declive poblacional. [ct] Seseli farrenyi és un endemisme estrictament català, que compta amb un nombre molt reduït de poblacions a la franja litoral nord del cap de Creus (Alt Empordà). L’espècie ha estat catalogada com a “En Perill” (EN) segons els criteris de la UICN en base a una sèrie d’estudis realitzats a finals dels anys noranta, que van incloure un cens i una cartografia detallada. Després de poc més d’una dècada, un nou cens realitzat pel mateix equip d’investigadors revela una pèrdua de més de 90% del nombre total d’individus, junt amb la desaparició de la localitat clàssica de l’espècie, justificant elevar la seva categoria d’amenaça a “En Perill Crític” (CR). Una de les prioritats del pla de recuperació per a l’espècie (la redacció i aplicació del qual es deriva de la inclusió de S. farrenyi al Catàleg de Flora Amenaçada de Catalunya) hauria d’ésser la realització d’estudis demogràfics que permetin conèixer la causa del seu declivi poblacional.

A new remarkable species belonging to the genus Ananteris Thorell, 1891 (Buthidae) is described from the Mitaraka Massif in French Guiana, a site located near the borders of French Guiana, Brazil, and Suriname. The description of this new species brings further evidence about the biogeographic patterns of distribution presented by most species of the genus Ananteris , which are highly endemic in most biogeographic realms of South America, including the Tepuys and Inselberg Massifs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new genus and species, Spinochactas mitaraka gen. n., sp. n. (Chactidae) are described from the Mitaraka Massif in French Guiana, a site located near the borders of French Guiana, Brazil, and Suriname. The description of the new genus and species brings further evidence of the biogeographic pattern of distribution presented by some elements of the family Chactidae endemic to the Tepuys or to the Inselberg formations of South America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study revisits the hypothesis that dispersal to California's Channel Islands follows a stepping-stone pattern from mainland California, based on earlier work indicating that the floras conform to classic island-biogeographic expectations. A re-examination of data incorporating the directions of prevailing and seasonal Santa Ana winds greatly strengthens the power of the model to explain levels of endemism in the Channel Island floras, and suggests the importance of aoelian processes for island colonization. Regression analysis of percent endemism in the native flora against distances measured along the axis of winds improves the r2 from 0.099 to 0.482. The endemic species that flower in the dry season as a percent of the native flora of the islands is also strongly related to these revised source distances ( r2 = 0.665). Furthermore, the native floras of the southern islands are nested subsets of the floras of the northern islands, and angiosperm flowering peaks during the dry season, providing seed for seasonally based dispersal. These results suggest that the northern islands may have served as a source of colonists for the southern islands, and that the pattern of aeolian inputs into an island system should be considered in other plant biogeographic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Silva Lusitana is the property of Unidade de Investigacao de Silvicultura e Productos Florestais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Isospora sagittulae McQuistion and Capparella, 1992 (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) is reported from White-throated Antbirds ( Gymnopithys salvini (Berlepsch, 1901)) and from Common Scale-backed Antbirds ( Willisornis poecilinotus (Cabanis, 1847)), which are thamnophilid birds from the Brazilian Amazon. Its oocysts are ovoidal to ellipsoidal, 28.4 μm × 22.4 μm, with smooth, bilayered wall, 1.1 μm. Micropyle and oocyst residuum are absent, but one to three polar granules are present. Sporocysts are subspherical to ovoidal, 15.0 μm × 12.6 μm. Stieda body thin and flattened and substieda body triangular to round. Sporocyst residuum composed of scattered granules. Sporozoites with refractile body and nucleus. This coccidium was originally described from the Spotted Antbird ( Hylophylax naevioides (Lafresnaye, 1847)), a trans-Andean antbird that is not sympatric with G. salvini and W. poecilinotus, which are cis-Andean antbirds from lowland Amazon forest; therefore, this current study presents some assumptions to explain the dispersion of I. sagittulae among antbird species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study which revised the horseshoe bats of the Rhinolophus maclaudi species group. Members of the group are located in the mountainous region of West Africa and the Albertine Rift, east of the Congo River with a major gap between the two recognized sub-groups. Two additional species within this species group were described from the Albertine Rift center of endemism in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.

Abstract: The presence of the shrew Nesiotites in Menorca is not yet adequately explained. Some authors consider that its ancestor arrived during the Messinian Salinity Crisis, as happened in Mallorca. Other authors consider that fossil populations in Menorca are the result of a later migration from Mallorca. In this work, several biometrical and morphological characters of abundant fossil populations from both islands have been studied. The results indicate that Early Pleistocene populations in Mallorca and Menorca are rather indistinguishable. Therefore, an early post-Messinian (Pliocene) isolation of Nesiotites in both islands is quite unlikely. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The present checklist of the liverworts and hornworts of New Caledonia is a sequel to the recent catalogue of the mosses and accepts 464 species and 18 infraspecific taxa, in 104 genera and 39 families. In addition, 32 species are doubtful records of New Caledonia and 52 species are excluded. The hepatic flora of New Caledonia is more similar to that of Indomalesia than of Australasia, which may be explained by the predominantly tropical climate of New Caledonia. The composition of the flora is considered the result of a long history of dispersal and speciation events since 37 Ma. Endemism of liverworts and hornworts of New Caledonia is between 13% (confirmed endemics, treated in recent revision or monographs) and 39% (confirmed and potential endemics). The latter figure is the same as for mosses. One genus of liverworts, Meinungeria (Lepidoziaceae), is endemic to New Caledonia. Cheilolejeunea xanthocarpa, Mastigolejeunea indica and Microlejeunea lunulatiloba are reported as new to New Caledonia. The new name Cololejeunea aurantia (Tixier) Thouvenot comb. nov. (for Jovetastella aurantia Tixier) is proposed. Mastigobryum integristipulum Steph. ex Paris and Mastigobryum luxurians Steph. ex Paris are new synonyms of Bazzania vittata (Gottsche) Trevis., Chiloscyphus longifissus Steph. ex Paris is reduced to a synonym of Heteroscyphus grandiflorus (Steph.) Hürl, and Eulejeunea aloba Steph. ex Paris is referred to Lejeunea alobifolia H.A. Mill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]