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\nHIGHLIGHTSThis research examines particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) variation across the climatic mesoregions of Alagoas. Mean PM2.5 and O3 concentrations across three mesoregions were as follows: East (5.91; 44.22 μg.m−3), Hinterland (6.90; 44.18 μg.m−3), and Arid (7.03; 44.23 μg.m−3). Spatial and temporal variations were observed, with PM2.5 concentrations highest in the northwest (NW) and O3 concentrations in the east (E), influenced by local sources, weather, and transportation. Differences between rainy and dry years were noted, attributed to biomass burning and dust particle transport. This study establishes a baseline for understanding air quality, lacking monitoring stations, aiding policymaking. It provides insights into PM2.5 and O3 dynamics, with PM2.5 concentrations highest in the NW and lower O3 concentrations in the E. Temporal variations emphasize the need for dynamic monitoring. Positive correlations between PM2.5 and O3 highlight complex relationships. Practical implications include proactive policymaking and the necessity for monitoring stations. Rigorous statistical methodologies inform model selection, enhancing environmental data understanding. Despite changes in land use, studies on extreme probability distributions are limited, emphasizing the need for robust methodologies for environmental data analysis to address air pollution challenges effectively in Alagoas. Spatio-temporal variability of the airborne pollutant criteria measured in Alagoas.Database of air pollutants of the state of Alagoas.Significant difference in the concentration of air pollutants between the dry and rainy seasons.Correlation between air pollutantsSpatio-temporal variability of the airborne pollutant criteria measured in Alagoas.Database of air pollutants of the state of Alagoas.Significant difference in the concentration of air pollutants between the dry and rainy seasons.Correlation between air pollutants [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paraiba State has a climate characterized by spatial and temporal irregularity of rainfall, which causes climate disasters. It is also known that the behavior of rainfall in Paraiba State is very oscillating among the microregions. To analyze this behavior, in this paper, a study was proposed with the intention of investigating the dynamics of regionalized variables. For this, two fundamental techniques that are part of the geostatistical methodology were used, semivariogram and kriging. The present study aimed to map the microregions of the State regarding rainfall during the Rainy Quarter using a geostatistical approach, seeking thereby to identify which of these microregions are at risk due to low amounts of rainfall. Using the probability map, we observed that the microregions Cariri/Curimatau, Agreste and Brejo are at risk because there is a high probability for the median level of rainfall during the Rainy Quarter (February, March and April) to be between 50 and 100 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]