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Micro franchising differs from traditional franchising as it aims to employ low-income individuals at the Base of the Economic Pyramid (BoP) rather than generate wealth. South Africa is known to have high unemployment rate, and many households live in poverty; this study aims to address such challenges. The microfranchise business model is meant to create jobs for those without employment. Limited studies have investigated microfranchising as a tool for self-employment and alleviate poverty in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa. This study was conducted to understand how microfranchising increase self-employment and reduces poverty in Thohoyandou. The study explored microfranchising as a business tool for self-emplyment and to fight poverty in Thohoyandou, Limpopo province. A qualitative research approach was employed with a sample of eight participants that comprised microfranchise businesses in Thohoyandou. The convenience sampling technique was adopted to select the participants. Primary data was gathered through in-depth interviews using a structured interview guide. The study's findings established that microfranchising tools such as business in a box, comprehensive training, employment creation, good marketing mix, improved asset base, improved standard of living, increased economic growth and market gap help reduce social ills. The study recommends that the government offer financial support to the microfranchisees and prioritize microfranchising as a business model that alleviates poverty. The study's major limitation is that the research was done in Thohoyandou, which means the findings may not be generalized in other towns, municipalities, or provinces beyond Thohoyandou.

The context of construction reflects the complexity of technological advancements, industrial modelling and simulation, intertwined by the need for economic attention. The current paper captures the evolution of businesses and labor indicators in the construction industry of Romanian companies in the seaside region and determines a series of illustrated trends of the labor cost in the principal subsectors specific to construction engineering domain. By combining case study observation and quantitative analysis methods, we could express in suggestive figures the diverse, divergent and compelling business context in the construction industry of Romania’s two counties by the sea, Constanta and Tulcea. The dichotomic issues found during our study provide insights into the complex competition, business approach and labor costs in the construction context. The motivation for research and need to disseminate managerial knowledge derives from the impetus to enhance productivity and support for the economic development strategies in Eastern Europe.

Adapting to the needs of their international partners represents a key challenge for international business relationship management. Jordan companies face the challenge of serving a wide range of interests of their foreign business partners. To meet this challenge, international managers need to go beyond their local business model and find new ways of collaborating in the global arena. The capability to cooperate with international business partners of Jordan companies lies in sharing resources and coordinating international strategy and business relationship management. This article investigates relevant topics related to internationalization strategies of Jordan companies, from managerial lens: interest for international expansion, experience in international business, development of capabilities to approach foreign markets, readiness for international expansion, governmental support for international business and expectations related to international expansion.

El mundo de los negocios implica que las empresas estén preparadas para asumir los retos del futuro, para ello se ha realizado un análisis de la serie temporal de una empresa y mediante su comportamiento volátil fue necesario la aplicación de un modelo ARCH que normalmente es utilizado en el campo financiero. El objetivo fue diseñar un modelo de pronóstico de ventas mediante el uso de la metodología ARCH. El paradigma utilizado es positivista y hace referencia al enfoque cuantitativo; para esto, se analizó la serie histórica de 140 observaciones de ventas mensuales desde enero 2010 hasta agosto de 2021 de la empresa “Parrilladas Ohquerico Cía. Ltda.” correspondiente al sector de Hoteles y Turismo de la Ciudad de Santo Domingo en Ecuador y se aplicó el método inductivo – deductivo con la ayuda del programa econométrico Eviews. Se concluye que es factible utilizar los modelos ARCH que son de corto plazo, pues el orden p, de dicho modelo no suele ir más allá de 1 ó 2. La diferencia entre ARCH y ARIMA se sustenta, en que el primero busca estimar la varianza y el segundo solo busca estimar la serie de tiempo en su presente a través de sus medias o rezagos pasados.

Abstract Artificial intelligence is the ecosphere’s prevalent and most comprehensive general acquaintance common-sense cognitive engine. The artificial intelligence (AI) business platform model is virtually at affluence with cloud SaaS model. It concerns AI solutions that can work together on the top layer of the other digital systems, like a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) business system. AI admittances in the digital data fluid through the coordination, fueling business enhancements over phases. In this business model, the business will safekeep a recurrent subscription. This paper endeavors to emphasize on the preventative side of the use of AI and machine learning (ML) technology to enterprise digital platform business model innovation and business dynamics. We acme the strategic implications and innovations with analytics. We explore the derivations of data-driven insights, models, and visualizations.

In current virtual world that is based on information technology, digitally advanced countries and their economies have the advantage over the countries considered to be followers. In the time of pandemic, information technology has entered into all spheres of our lives and into most economic activities. This professional paper analyses how international passenger air traffic has adjusted to newly formed market conditions caused by COVID-19 pandemic. The listed adjustment is based on advantages of information technology and innovative approach to finding potential solutions in airline business. The emphasis is on importance of correlation between international passenger air traffic and tourism market, as well as the adjustment of airline business model to environmental changes.

The competition of oil and gas industry in Indonesia is very tight. To get survive from the competition; the company has to develop their technology. PT. Pertaminan Retail is a large oil and gas company in Indonesia. This study analyzed the design of e-commerce business development models from PT. Pertamina Retail called MyPertamina. The method of the study is descriptive analysis and using business model canvas (BMC), the Delphi method, SWOT (Strengths, weakness, opportunities, & threats), and the Blue Ocean Strategy. The secondary data obtained from the literature study and the primary data was by interviewing six informants. The research period starts from November to December 2018. The results of mapping the initial business model that used BMC, showed several aspects such as: customer segments, value propositions, channels, revenue streams, key resources, key activities, key partners, and costs structure. Environmental analysis used the Delphi method and the result was key trend value was 25.48%, industry strength was 25.19%, market strengths was 24.78%, and macroeconomic strengths was 24.55%. MyPertamina's internal environment influenced by product aspects, infrastructure management, customer interface, and financial aspect. The results of the SWOT analysis of nine BMC unsurts showed that the highest strength was the key partnership and the lowest strength was customer relationship. Meanwhile, the biggest opportunity was value proposition and the lowest opportunity was cost structure. The highest threat was customer segment, and the lowest threat was key partners. The business development model in this research focused on customer segment, key partnership, and value proposition, unsurts developed using the blue ocean strategy method.

Garlic is one of the commodities developed in the country as an effort to achieve self-sufficiency and reduce imports. This study aims to identify the existing business models in the garlic production centers and develop garlic ideal business models using Business Model Canvas (BMC) approach. The others purpose is to identify the critical points of existing business models and formulate policy recommendations for developing garlic business models to support production. The study used primary and secondary data. The primary data was obtained from a survey conducted in 2021 at garlic production centers with purposive sampling methods such as Karanganyar Regency, Boyolali Regency, and Magelang Regency. The analysis shows that key partner elements, customer segments, and channels are the critical point. Thus, to develop the garlic business model, it is necessary to carry out synergy and collaboration of stakeholders (key partners) to overcome critical activities, essential resources, customer segments, partnerships, channels, and value co-creation. As a result, it will improve garlic farmers' cost structure and revenue stream, so garlic production can increase to meet domestic needs. Keywords: bmc element, business model canvas, collaboration, garlic, synergy

Renewable energy sources (RES) are efficient in meeting the demand for clean and affordable energy. The need for RES is undeniable and has many advantages but there are also some challenges that need to be taken into consideration and adapted to the energy system. One of the challenges is RES volatility and its impact on electricity prices and power system operation. Europe is trending to power system decentralisation through the involvement of local authorities, active consumers and citizens in the system operation. This article provides main information about the energy sector of Latvia and RES in the Baltic countries. It proposes a methodology for the complex analysis of correlation and regression dependences of natural and price indicators of the electric power industry, based on the adaptation of the corresponding classical mathematical models.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to radical change in all social and economic spheres and, even today, the scope of the pandemic cannot be detailed. This unprecedent situation is challenging the global world but particularly for business. The packages of measures internationally imposed as restrictions on commercial activity, isolation and social distancing mean that business should face a transformation in order to survive in each stage of the crisis. For this purpose, a content analysis with an initial dataset with 2,610 tweets of the most representative Spanish entrepreneurial organizations was carried out in key periods of the pandemic. The findings highlight that there are collective concerns with emotional burden in the business sector that encourage action despite confusion and uncertainty. Generalized distrust of policies led business organizations to insist on innovation and adaptation as the best tools to overcome the economic effect of the crisis.