Search

The research goal is to explore how to transform organization, with conservative management, organizational structure and culture, into an entrepreneurial one. We hypothesize that organic organizational structure, entrepreneurial culture and appropriate management decisions are crucial for enhancing entrepreneurial initiatives. A relevant theoretical overview is provided, incorporating in depth analysis of investigated issues. This paper contributes by revealing the relevance of adjusting organizational design and management style, to make it more innovation friendly and compatible with needs of individual entrepreneurs in organization. Based on these considerations we note our conclusions, and suggest that academicians provide a more fine-grained depiction of firm-level entrepreneurship, as an avenue for future research.

Respecting the importance of corporate governance (CG), particularly various corporate governance mechanisms for improving corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, the paper highlights relevant CG–CSR synergies from the perspective of systems thinking. The paper further aims to demonstrate the ways in which selected systems methodologies can support CG–CSR synergies. Accordingly, we selected appropriate systems methodologies, such as dialectical systems theory, soft systems methodology, and system dynamics. We defined the dialectical system, consisting of essential corporate governance mechanisms, which contribute to CSR we also identified the key stakeholders and their perceptions of CG–CSR relations through CATWOE analysis thus, the appropriate root definition and conceptual model, including the activities that are relevant for CG–CSR relations, were developed. Developed systemic framework provided a relevant methodological support to highlight the various issues of corporate governance, such as institutional framework, market for corporate control, ownership structure, board structure, and their contribution to CSR. Upoštevaje pomen korporativnega upravljanja, zlasti različnih mehanizmov le-tega za izboljšanje dejavnosti družbene odgovornosti podjetij, so v članku izpostavljene relevantne sinergije korporativnega upravljanja in družbene odgovornosti podjetij z vidika sistemskega razmišljanja. Namen prispevka je prikazati načine, kako lahko izbrane sistemske metodologije podpirajo te sinergije. V skladu s tem smo izbrali ustrezne sistemske metodologije, kot so dialektična teorija sistemov, mehkosistemska metodologija in sistemska dinamika. Opredelili smo dialektični sistem, ki ga sestavljajo bistveni mehanizmi korporativnega upravljanja, ki prispevajo k družbeni odgovornosti podjetij opredelili smo ključne deležnike in njihovo dojemanje odnosov korporativnega upravljanja in družbene odgovornosti podjetij s pomočjo analize CATWOE tako smo razvili osnovno definicijo in konceptualni model, ki vključuje dejavnosti, relevantne za odnose korporativnega upravljanja in družbene odgovornosti podjetij. Razvit sistemski okvir je zagotovil ustrezno metodološko podporo za poudarjanje različnih vprašanj korporativnega upravljanja, kot so institucionalni okvir, trg za obvladovanje podjetij, lastniška struktura, struktura upravnega odbora in njihov prispevek k družbeni odgovornosti podjetij.

Kombinovano korišćenje sistemskih metodologija u upravljanju problemskim situacijama poslovne ekonomije predstavlja relevantno i kompleksno istraživačko područje u savremenom systems science-u i management science-u. Oslanjajući se na kritičko sistemsko mišljenje kao koncepcijski okvir kombinovanja sistemskih metodologija, u doktorskoj disertaciji su posebno istraženi metodološki aspekti kombinovane upotrebe određenih interpretativnih i strukturalističko-funkcionalističkih sistemskih metodologija. Osnovni cilj istraživanja je identifikovati relevantne metodološke dimenzije i aplikativne moći kombinovanog korišćenja sistemskih metodologija generalno, a posebno određenih interpretativnih i funkcionalističkih sistemskih metodologija u unapređivanju upravljanja problemskim situacijama u preduzećima. Bazna pretpostavka i argument kombinovanog korišćenja sistemskih metodologija se ogleda u tome da nijedna metodologija ne može da istraži sve aspekte kompleksnih problemskih situacija u preduzećima. Istražujući teorijsko-metodološka i aplikativna svojstva određenih interpretativnih - Metodologije soft sistema (MSS) i Identifikovanja i testiranja strategijskih pretpostavki (ITSP) - kao i funkcionalističkih sistemskih metodologija - Sistemske dinamike (SD) i Organizacione kibernetike (OK) - identifikovana su bitna ograničenja njihove individualne upotrebe u upravljanju problemskim situacijama u preduzećima. Na osnovu utvrđenih ograničenja navedenih sistemskih prilaza i različitih mogućnosti kombinovanja sistemskih metodologija generalno, razvijeni su mogući prilazi njihovog kombinovanog korišćenja. Osim sinteze MSS-a i SD i Metodologije soft i dinamičkih sistema (MSDS), kao prilaza kombinovanju MSS-a i SD, predstavljen je i prilaz kombinovanja određenih metoda i tehnika MSS-a (bogate slike, izvorne definicije i konceptualni modeli) i SD (dijagrami nivoa i stopa i dijagrami sa uzročnim petljama). Dati prilaz primenjen je u ilustrovanju moguće kombinovane upotrebe MSS-a i SD u upravljanju problemskom situacijom - društvena odgovornost preduzeća kao pretpostavka održivog razvoja - na odabranom uzorku preduzeća u Republici Srbiji. Respektujući ograničenja individualne upotrebe ITSP-metodologije i OK i polazeći od pretpostavke da interpretativan prilaz treba upotrebiti kako bi se obezbedio kontekst u kome će se primeniti hard, tj. funkcionalistički prilaz, razvijen je mogući prilaz kombinovanju ITSP-a i OK i primenjen na istraživanje moguće kombinovane upotrebe ovih sistemskih prilaza u upravljanju problemskom situacijom formulisanja poslovne strategije u uslovima globalne finansijske krize u preduzećima u Republici Srbiji. Sveukupni rezultati istraživanja u radu su pokazali da se metodološki primerenom kombinovanom upotrebom sistemskih metodologija u strukturiranju upravljačkih problemskih situacija poslovne ekonomije kreativno unapređuje proces upravljanja problemskim situacijama u preduzećima. The combined use of systems methodologies for managing the problem situations of business economics is a relevant and complex research area in contemporary systems science and managеment science. Relying on the critical systems thinking as a conceptual framework for combining systems methodologies, the dissertation particularly explores the methodological aspects of combined use of certain interpretive and structuralist-functionalist systems methodologies. The primary objective of the research is to identify relevant methodological dimensions and applicative potential of the combined use of systems methodologies in general, and certain interpretive and structuralist-functionalist systems methodologies for improving the problem situations management in enterprises in particular. The underlying assumption and argument speaking in favour of combined use of systems methodologies is reflected in the fact that no methodology is able to explore all the aspects of complex problem situations in enterprises. Researching the theoretical, methodological and applicative properties of the certain interpretive – Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) and Strategic Assumptions Surfacing and Testing (SAST) - as well as the functionalist systems methodologies – System Dynamics (SD) and Organizational Cybernetics (OC) - some important limitations of their individual use in managing the problem situations in enterprises have been identified. Based on the determined limitations of the mentioned systems approaches and various possibilities of combining systems methodologies in general, the possible approaches to their combined use have been developed. Apart from the synthesis of SSM and SD and Soft System Dynamic Methodology (SSDM), as the approaches to combining SSM and SD, there has been presented an approach implying combining certain methods and techniques of SSM (rich pictures, root definitions and conceptual models) and SD (stock and flow diagrams and causal loop diagrams). The given approach has been applied to illustrate the possibility of combined use of SSM and SD in managing the problem situation – corporate social responsibility as a precondition for sustainable development – on a selected sample of enterprises in the Republic of Serbia. Respecting the limitations of individual use of SAST-methodology and ОC and assuming that the interpretive approach should be used to ensure a context in which the hard, i.e. functionalist approach will be applied, a possible approach to combining SAST and OC has been developed and applied in the research on potential combined use of these systems approaches in managing the problem situation of formulating business strategy during the global financial crisis in enterprises in the Republic of Serbia. The overall research results given in the dissertation have shown that methodologically appropriate combined use of systems methodologies for problem situations structuring in business economics enables creative improvement of managing the problem situations in enterprises.

Značajnu prekretnicu u evoluciji upravljanja projektima predstavlja početak ere digitalizacije. Zahtevi Četvrte industrijske revolucije doprineli su promenama u dinamici izvođenja aktivnosti upravljanja projektima, organizacionoj strukturi u projektno orijentisanim preduzećima, odgovornostima i ulozi menadžera projekta, savremenih alata i pristupa koji se koriste u upravljanju projektima. Izmene koje su uzrokovane novonastalim ekonomskim okolnostima podrazumevaju i dodatno isticanje značaja nematerijalnih resursa. Vrednost projekta predstavlja nivo zadovoljstva svih zainteresovanih strana eksplicitnim i implicitnim koristima generisanih realizacijom projekta, koje se postižu ulaganjem opipljivih i neopipljivih resursa. Osim pomenute vizure evaluacije postigutih koristi od realizacije projekata, vrednost projekta može biti sagledana i kroz doprinos prakse upravljanja projektima organizacionim performansama. Predmet istraživanja u radu su determinante kreiranja vrednosti projekta u eri digitalizacije, kao i značaj stvorene vrednosti projekta za organizacionu uspešnost. U cilju testiranja istraživačkih hipoteza, upotrebljeno je modeliranje strukturnih jednačina i višestruka regresiona analiza. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da pojedine, ali ne sve komponente nematerijalne aktive imaju pozitivan signifikantan uticaj na vrednost projekta, pri čemu se u nedostatku signifikantnog direktnog uticaja kao važan moderator odnosa između komponenti nematerijalne aktive i vrednosti projekta navodi spremnost preduzeća za digitalnu transformaciju. Iz ugla doprinosa projekta organizacionoj uspešnosti, percipirani uspeh projekta kao dimenzija vrednosti projekta ima dominantan pozitivan statistički značajan uticaj na organizacione performanse projektno orijentisanih preduzeća. A significant point in project management evolution is the beginning of digital era. The requirements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution have initiated changes in dynamics of project management activities, organizational structure in project-oriented enterprises, responsibilities and the role of project managers, applied project management tools and approaches. The changes caused by the new economic circumstances highlighted the importance of intangible resources. The project value represents how satisfied stakeholders are with explicit and implicit project benefits, generated by using tangible and intangible resources. Apart from the given view of project benefits evaluation, the project value can be seen through the contribution of project management practices to organizational performance. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the determinants of creating project value in the era of digitalization, as well as the importance of the created project value for organizational success. In order to test the research hypotheses, structural equation modeling and multiple regression analysis were used. The findings show that some, but not all components of intangible assets have a positive significant impact on the project value, while in case of absence of significant direct impact, enterprises’ digital readiness moderates the relationship between components of intangible assets and project value. Considering the project contribution to organizational success, the perceived project success as a dimension of project value has a positive significant impact on organizational performance of project-oriented enterprises.