205 results on '"Zdeněk Kučera"'
Search Results
2. Zdeněk Kučera (1928—2017) Wspomnienie
- Author
-
Witold Kurowski
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2018
3. Zdeněk Kučera (1928—2017) Wspomnienie
- Author
-
Kurowski, Witold, primary
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Nachruf auf Professor Zdeněk Kučera
- Author
-
Tichý, Luboš, primary
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Country Perspectives on Hay-Making Landscapes as Part of the European Agricultural Heritage
- Author
-
Alexandra Kruse, Jana Špulerova, Csaba Centeri, Sebastian Eiter, Viviana Ferrario, Suzan Jurgens, Drago Kladnik, Zdeněk Kučera, Teodor Marusca, Dragomir Neculai, Hans Renes, Hanne Sickel, Maurizia Sigura, Martina Slámová, Kari Stensgaard, and Peter Strasser
- Subjects
hay-making structures ,biocultural heritage ,traditional land use ,landscape character ,Agriculture - Abstract
This paper provides an overview of traditional hay-making structures and the related agricultural landscapes in Europe. The information was collected using a standardised questionnaire that was completed by experts from different countries. What all countries had in common was that hay production with its corresponding structures was widespread. However, the scope and importance differed among the countries today. We found differences in type and extent, in degree of awareness, and in the cultural meaning of hay-making structures. The differences were connected with built structures, as well as with other tangible and intangible aspects of cultural heritage. The distribution of the broad variety of hay-making-related structures, especially semipermanent ones, has changed throughout history, as well as the hay-making techniques, as a result of agrarian specialisation, land reclamation, and consolidation. Today, in some countries, the relevance of hay-making was mainly connected to horse keeping and landscape management (like in Germany and Hungary), while in others (like Slovakia and Slovenia), it was still predominantly used for cattle and sheep.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. The forming of regional identity and identity of regions in Czechia – introduction to the research on the impact of second housing and tourism
- Author
-
Dana Fialová, Pavel Chromý, Zdeněk Kučera, Jana Spilková, Přemysl Štych, and Jiří Vágner
- Subjects
regional identity ,identity of regions ,second housing ,tourism ,behavioral approaches ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Demography. Population. Vital events ,HB848-3697 - Abstract
The article develops general theoretical discussion on researches on second housing as well as concepts of the new regional, new cultural and behavioral geographies. The major focus is given on theoretical and methodological background of the process of formation of regional identity and identity of regions in the areas with considerable concentration of settlements and municipalities with prevailing tourist function. It deals with identification of the inner development potential of localities and regions from socioeconomic and sociocultural views. Both identity of regions (their outer and inner image) and appurtenance of residents and tourists (second home owners) with the territory is emphasized. The key objective is to support and explain possible behavioral approaches in the research of the impact of second housing and tourism activities in the forming of regional identity and identity of the regions. Formování regionální identity a identity regionů v Česku – představení výzkumu vlivu druhého bydlení a cestovního ruchu Předloženy članek je založen předevšim na diskusi teoretickych přistupů a vybranych konceptů nove regionalni, kulturni a behavioralni geografie, ktere mohou byt využity při vyzkumech druheho bydleni a cestovniho ruchu. Důraz je kladen na obecne a metodologicke pohledy na procesy formovani regionalni identity a identity regionů v uzemi s vyraznou koncentraci sidel a obci s převažujici rekreačni a turistickou funkci. Žadouci současti vyzkumů je identifikace vnitřniho socioekonomickeho a sociokulturniho potencialu lokalit a regionů. S vnějši i vnitřni identitou regionů nedilně souvisi regionalni povědomi sounaležitosti rezidentů, ale i rekreantů a turistů. Hlavnim cilem je podpořit a vysvětlit možnosti využiti behavioralnich přistupů ve vyzkumech vlivu druheho bydleni a turistickych aktivit na formovani regionalni identity a identity regionů.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Kulturní krajiny periferií: jejich ochrana a regionální distribuce v Česku / Peripheral Cultural Landscapes: Their Preservation and Regional Distribution in Czechia
- Author
-
Markéta Šantrůčková, Zdeněk Kučera, and Pavel Chromý
- Subjects
cultural landscape ,historical values ,landscape heritage ,landscape preservation ,regional distribution ,periphery ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
This paper analyses the historical cultural landscapes in Czechia and their preservation and regional distribution. The regional distribution of existing and proposed landscape conservation zones and natural parks is analysed by division into peripheral, core and neutral zones. The most protected historical cultural landscapes are in the neutral area where land use/land cover changes in past decades were less intensive. In contrast, core area landscapes are affected by intensification and those in peripheral areas are influenced by extensification. While correlations were identified between the spatial distribution of protected landscape distribution and areas with predominantly German speaking inhabitants prior to 1945, more protected historical cultural landscapes are located in the core area where long-term Czech-speaking inhabitants prevailed. Finally, although the proportions of existing landscape conservation zones are almost equal, proposed landscape conservation zones prevail in the core area.
- Published
- 2018
8. Lost landscapes in the territory of Czechia
- Author
-
Zdeněk Lipský, Lucie Kupková, Pavel Chromý, Zdeněk Kučera, Lukáš Brůha, Tomáš Janík, Markéta Potůčková, and Eva Štefanová
- Published
- 2023
9. Private International Law. Zdenek Kucera
- Author
-
Polach, Jay G.
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Approaches to identification and interpretation of mining heritage: the case of the Jáchymovsko area, Ore Mountains, Czechia
- Author
-
Jakub Jelen and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
mining heritage ,interpretation ,Jáchymov ,Ore Mountains ,Czechia ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
Mining heritage refers to a complex of both tangible and intangible features and values whose formation was associated with the development of mining activities in the given region. After mining activities are completed, original industrial and related subsidiary structures either fall into dereliction or are subject to conversion. One of frequent modes of transformation of objects is their presentation as heritage and utilization for the needs of tourism. The way of its interpretation and presentation to the public plays a very important role in mining heritage preservation, since it may be attributed not only historical and architectural values, but may also reflect political or ideological background of the period in which it was formed. The paper discusses the definition of mining heritage and the questions concerning its origin, recognition, protection, management and interpretation in the case of the Jáchymovsko area, part of the cross-border mountainous region in Czech-German borderland which is being proposed to be included into the UNESCO heritage list. The Jáchymovsko area is distinguished by the fact that it combines a 500-year-old history of mineral extraction and therefore local mining heritage is very diverse. Thus, different types of local mining heritage and its conversion for other purposes (e.g. tourism) are analysed, ways of local mining heritage identification, management and interpretation are discussed.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Barriers in functioning of Czech geoparks in the context of different circumstances
- Author
-
Iveta Čtveráková, Dana Fialová, Zdeněk Kučera, and Pavel Chromý
- Subjects
geopark ,regional development ,heritage ,Czechia ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Demography. Population. Vital events ,HB848-3697 - Abstract
The article focuses on geoparks as areas with a specific form of local heritage protection. It contributes to a research into two interconnected fields: firstly, the research into local people’s participation in local development; secondly, the research into tourism sustainability. Discussion of foreign publications reveals that in the context of Czechia geoparks are misunderstood concept. This argument is supported by a case study from one part of the National Geopark Železné hory. The field research proved that there are significant barriers to meeting the purpose of geoparks. Two conditions are required in geoparks: the possibility of cooperation among local actors and the ability to be competitive through a diverse offer of services and products. The paper discusses factors affecting the actual state of society and their operation in the local development. The aim of the paper is to identify the obstacles to the development of geoparks as a reflection of the problems in local and regional development. In addition, the article deals with possible instruments for the management of geoparks and their utilization for effective coordination of local development.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. In memoriam Prof. Zdeněk Kučera (30.3.1930 - 15.6.2019).
- Author
-
Schwarz, Karl W.
- Published
- 2019
13. Rural elementary school: variability of types in a diverse countryside
- Author
-
Silvie R. Kučerová, Petr Meyer, Zdeněk Kučera, Kristýna Rybová, and Jan Šmíd
- Subjects
Geography, Planning and Development ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
The article aims to discuss conditions of spatial organization of elementary schools in the Czech countryside and to validate whether there is any relation between the different types of rural schools and the diverse types of rural areas. Usually, rural schools are perceived in contrast to urban schools as a homogenous group of institutions with common characteristics – despite their diversity. The article compares the typology of municipalities according to data about elementary schools with the typology of municipalities according to its societal and cultural characteristics. Based on three indicators describing main characteristics of the school network – the number of elementary schools in a municipality, their average utilization of the maximum reported capacity, the average extent of area serviced by the school – eleven types of municipalities were identified. Statistically significant connections were shown between the two typologies. Rural schools thus should not be assessed as internally homogenous group of institutions with broadly common characteristics. This is because problems that rural schools face during their existence reflect wider societal, cultural, and economic conditions of areas in which they are located.
- Published
- 2022
14. The Future of Traditional Landscapes: Discussions and Visions
- Author
-
Hans Renes, Csaba Centeri, Alexandra Kruse, and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
agri/cultural landscapes ,traditional landscapes ,landscape transformations ,landscape management ,landscape preservation ,landscape knowledge ,Agriculture - Abstract
At the 2018 meeting of the Permanent European Conference for the Study of the Rural Landscape (PECSRL), that took place in Clermont-Ferrand and Mende in France, the Institute for Research on European Agricultural Landscapes e.V. (EUCALAND) Network organized a session on traditional landscapes. Presentations included in the session discussed the concept of traditional, mostly agricultural, landscapes, their ambiguous nature and connections to contemporary landscape research and practice. Particular attention was given to the connection between traditional landscapes and regional identity, landscape transformation, landscape management, and heritage. A prominent position in the discussions was occupied by the question about the future of traditional or historical landscapes and their potential to trigger regional development. Traditional landscapes are often believed to be rather stable and slowly developing, of premodern origin, and showing unique examples of historical continuity of local landscape forms as well as practices. Although every country has its own traditional landscapes, globally seen, they are considered as being rare; at least in Europe, also as a consequence of uniforming CAP (Common Agricultural Policy) policies over the last five decades. Although such a notion of traditional landscapes may be criticized from different perspectives, the growing number of bottom-up led awareness-raising campaigns and the renaissance of traditional festivities and activities underline that the idea of traditional landscapes still contributes to the formation of present identities. The strongest argument of the growing sector of self-marketing and the increasing demand for high value, regional food is the connection to the land itself: while particular regions and communities are promoting their products and heritages. In this sense, traditional landscapes may be viewed as constructed or invented, their present recognition being a result of particular perceptions and interpretations of local environments and their pasts. Nevertheless, traditional landscapes thus also serve as a facilitator of particular social, cultural, economic, and political intentions and debates. Reflecting on the session content, four aspects should be emphasized. The need for: dynamic landscape histories; participatory approach to landscape management; socioeconomically and ecologically self-sustaining landscapes; planners as intermediaries between development and preservation.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Mezinárodní právo soukromé (Private International Law). By Zdeněk Kučera. Prague: Panorama, 1980. Pp. 393. Index.
- Author
-
Polach, Jay G., primary
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Research and development in the field of Artificial Intelligence in EU framework programmes
- Author
-
Odřej Pecha, Tomáš Vondrák, and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
Technology ,Engineering ,Development (topology) ,ai ,business.industry ,international cooperation ,Field (Bourdieu) ,Engineering ethics ,artificial intelligence ,business ,eu framework programmes - Abstract
The aim of this contribution is to evaluate the cooperation of the European countries in projects related to the AI in the 7th Framework Programme (FP7) and in the current Horizon 2020 Programme. The analysis is based on the information obtained from European Commission database eCORDA (External COmmon Research DAtawarehouse). Dynamic scientometric maps were constructed to describe in more detail the collaboration of European subjects in the EC funded AI research. Within the FP7, 1223 projects in the AI field received roughly 2,8 billion €. In the current H2020 programme the EC has already provided 2,1 billion € for 1081 projects in AI. In the FP7, higher education institutions dominated in both the number of awarded project and the received financial support. In the H2020 programme, a profound shift favouring business enterprise sector occurred. Approximately one third of AI projects in the FP7 was in the thematic area Information and Communication Technologies. In the H2020 programme the EC extended the support further to other thematic areas including global societal challenges especially in the field of transport and security. The extent of the involvement of the member countries varies extensively. The countries above average participating in the AI projects are Germany, Italy, Austria, Spain, Portugal, and Slovenia. The Czech Republic falls in the group of less participating countries. The Czech Republic also exhibits a smaller increase of the participation between RP7 and H2020. Universities involved in approximately two thirds of AI project have dominated in the Czech participation in the FP7. In the H2020 program their share in the AI project decreased by approximately 10 percent points. On the other side, their share of financial support was conserved. The most participating universities were the Czech Technical University Prague (24 projects, and 30% share of the EC contribution for the Czech AI projects) and the Brno University of Technology (14 projects, and 12,4% financial share). In the business enterprise sector Honeywell International s. r. o. attained the highest participation. The Czech subjects collaborate most frequently with German, British, Italian and French research teams.
- Published
- 2019
17. International cooperation in research and development of Artificial Intelligence – publication and patent activity
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera and Tomáš Vondrák
- Subjects
Technology ,international cooperation ,05 social sciences ,artificial intelligence ,050905 science studies ,patent activity ,ai ,publication aktivity ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Patent activity ,Engineering ethics ,0509 other social sciences ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the dynamically evolving research fields on the global scale. The world production of publication associated with the AI field increased by a third over the four-year period 2013–2017. Even less research intensive countries as Iran, Turkey, India and Indonesia appear to increase the share of the AI topics in their publication output. In the Czech Republic the fraction of publications in the AI field increased by approximately 10 % over this period. It makes the lowest increase within the EU/EEA. The field normalized citation index of the Czech publications in the year 2016 was above the world average but it is deeply below the top countries USA, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Singapore, and Norway. The extent of international cooperation in AI is generally below the world average. The Czech Republic falls into the group of less cooperating countries. The countries exhibiting the highest growth in AI research are underrepresented in the Czech cooperation portfolio. The fraction of Czech publications in AI coauthored by foreign authors is lower than the national average. It indicates a lower international collaboration in comparison with other research fields. CR falls also in the group of countries less engaged in the international cooperation. The Czech international collaboration misses the countries exhibiting the most vigorous R&D in AI. The international collaboration adds to the quality of the research. The Czech publications originating from the international collaboration are cited above the country average for the AI field. It is even more significant in the collaboration with researchers from the top countries in the AI R&D. The patent activity in the AI field has grown significantly in recent years. There is a marked increase of patent applications having inventors/applicants from more than one country. It indicates that the applied R&D in AI has a more international character in comparison with other technology fields. A high intensity of collaboration in the authorship of patent applications is within language and geographically neighbouring countries and with countries having a highly internationalized R&D system. Multinational corporations involved in international innovation networks contribute also to the international cooperation. ICT corporations like IBM, Google, or Microsoft which often employ foreign researchers have a dominant role in international cooperation. The R&D of the Czech enterprises is relatively closed to the international cooperation. Domestic enterprises in AI use foreign employees in a small extent. The domestic enterprises even do not tap into the pool of intellectual property authored by the Czech researchers. The majority of patents with participation of Czech inventors is registered by foreign corporations.
- Published
- 2019
18. Coming of age in the Czech countryside
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera, Petr Meyer, Dominik Dvořák, Jaroslava Simonová, Silvie Kučerová, and Jan Šmíd
- Subjects
Czech ,Geography ,language ,Economic history ,language.human_language - Published
- 2020
19. Opinions and attitudes of experts to the digitization of the Czech healthcare: preliminary report on the implementation of the first wave of the DELPHI study
- Author
-
Zdeněk, Kučera, Petr, Struk, Martin, Zeman, Jiří, Borej, Zdeněk, Gütter, Christian, Raming, Marc, Lange, and Paul G, Kučera
- Subjects
Attitude ,Delphi Technique ,Humans ,Delivery of Health Care ,Telemedicine ,Czech Republic - Abstract
The article provides an overview of the opinions and attitudes of a selected group of experts on the introduction of electronic healthcare in the Czech healthcare system. The research used the DELPHI method, the first wave of which took place in the first quarter of this year and the second wave is planned for the second half of this year. A total of forty respondents assessed the relevance of the individual steps of electronization and digitization, as well as the obstacles that need to be overcome in the implementation of the National eHealth Strategy. Respondents consider electronic information on health promotion and prevention programs (87%) and support for chronic patients (77%) to be the most appropriate or important, while the least supported is the publication of service level assessments of providers (27%) and on-line access to documentation of the authorizing person (30%), less support is also given to the optimization of waiting times with the help of digitization (35%) and electronic consultation with a doctor (35%). Respondents see the biggest obstacles to eHealth implementation in the resistance of providers (up to 70% for some measures) and in unsatisfactory or missing legislation (up to 85% for some steps). The survey was carried out as part of the project Structural Reform Support Service (SRSS) of the European Commission at the Ministry of Health and under coordination of National eHealth Centre (NeHC).
- Published
- 2020
20. Mezinárodní právo soukromé (Private International Law). By Zdeněk Kučera. Prague: Panorama, 1980. Pp. 393. Index
- Author
-
Zdenek Kucera and Jay G. Polach
- Subjects
Public law ,Law ,Political science ,Political Science and International Relations ,Civil law (legal system) ,Commercial law ,Private law ,Comparative law ,International law ,Municipal law ,Public international law - Published
- 1984
21. Historical Geography in Czechia: Themes and Concepts
- Author
-
Eva Semotanová, Pavel Chromý, Zdeněk Kučera (Eds.) and Eva Semotanová, Pavel Chromý, Zdeněk Kučera (Eds.)
- Subjects
- Physical geography--Czechoslovakia, Historical geography--Czech Republic
- Abstract
Although the content of historical geography may be viewed from different perspectives, there is no doubt that historical geography has interdisciplinary character. The publication represents an outcome of cooperation among geographers and historians within the Historical Geography Research Centre that continues more than forty years old tradition of common researches in Czechia. Beside discussing the disciplinary origins, the most vital research topics of present Czech historical geography are reflected in its contents - transformations of landscapes, historical towns, and of regions.
- Published
- 2023
22. Research and development for Industry 4.0 – the position of the Czech Republic in cognitive computing and robotics
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera and Tomáš Vondrák
- Subjects
robotics ,Czech ,Technology ,Industry 4.0 ,business.industry ,Cognitive computing ,Robotics ,language.human_language ,cognitive computing ,bibliometric analysis ,Political science ,language ,Position (finance) ,knowledge base ,Engineering ethics ,Artificial intelligence ,patent analysis ,business - Abstract
We have examined the recent development of the knowledge base in the fields of cognitive computing and robotics. The proxies for the evaluation of the R&D in these fields are the publication activity and the patents production spanning the years 1998 to 2016. A comparison with selected EU countries, USA, China, Japan and South Korea is presented. The publication activities grow much faster than the overall volume of world publications. In the number of publications per year in the field of cognitive computing China surpassed in 2004 USA and trails the EU-28 since. The robotics seems less in the focus of China’s R&D as the Chinese publications output just reached the USA level in the last two years of the examined interval. A common feature of the Asian countries is a significantly below the world average citation impact of the publications in both fields. The number of patent applications in cognitive computing and robotics has been growing in recent years. The patent activity in the China is growing very fast, the EU and USA are gradually losing their position and China dominated in the patent activity in cognitive computing and robotics in 2015. The Czech Republic exhibits a significantly above the EU average dynamics of the publication activity in both R&D fields. Though the robotics publications occupy a smaller fraction of the total national publications output, their citation impact at the roughly 150 percent level of the world average is on par with the publication output of EU-15 countries. The number of patent applications in cognitive computing and robotics with Czech invertors has been growing fast and their share in the total number of patent applications with Czech inventors is above the EU average. However, these applications are very often owned by foreign companies, in particular from the USA. Our study indicates that the Czech Republic has, in the world context, a robust and dynamic R&D capable to address the challenges associated with the implementation of Industry 4.0 and advanced information processing.
- Published
- 2018
23. Formation of a regional image through geography textbooks: The case of north-west Bohemia
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera, Kateřina Novotná, and Silvie Kučerová
- Subjects
Geography ,North west ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Regional science ,Primary education ,050301 education ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,0503 education ,Regional geography - Abstract
The purpose of the article is to examine the ways in which regional geography textbooks are used in elementary education, using north-west Bohemia as a case study. The authors analysed 18 textbooks...
- Published
- 2018
24. Key Enabling Technologies – is the Czech Republic catching up the leading countries in innovation and technology?
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera and Tomáš Vondrák
- Subjects
Czech ,Technology ,Economic policy ,photonics ,language.human_language ,advanced manufacturing technology ,nanoelectronics ,advanced materials ,Political science ,microelectronics ,Key (cryptography) ,language ,nanotechnologies ,industrial biotechnology ,key enabling technologies - Abstract
The topic of this contribution is a comparison of the research & development related to the “key enabling technologies” (KETs) in the Czech Republic and the European Union as a whole with selected non-European economies. A further aim of this article is an appraisal of the effect of the European strategies and action programmes which have been implemented since the turn of the decade and which target the lagging of EU in innovations in critical technologies. We use the publication and the patent activities as a proxy to assess the intensity of the KETs oriented R&D. The Asian countries Japan, South Korea and the fast growing China have the highest fraction of KETs oriented publications and patents in their national output. The Chinese State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) recorded in 2015 a half of the world patent applications related to KETs. Measured by their share of publications, the Asian countries exhibit a significantly more intensive R&D in the majority of KETs. Whereas the patent activity of the Asian countries grows the number of patent applications in the EU stagnates in the recent years and EU visibly lags behind the Asian competitors. The EU R&D policies and strategies aimed at the promotion of KET and the financial support does not seem exhibiting visible effects. In the Czech republic KETs became an organic component of the National Research and Innovation Strategy for the intelligent specialisation (National RIS3 strategy) and a number of targeted public financing programmes support KETs related projects. The situation in the Czech Republic has been evolving in a positive way between 2008 and 2016. Both the number of publications and patent applications related to KETs has been increasing and the growth dynamics approaches the Asian countries. The number of publications per research worker in the Czech Republic is on par with the EU. Due to a stronger growth in recent years of the number of patent applications in comparison to EU the Czech republic reached the EU average per researcher and the fraction of the KETs related applications surpasses the EU average and even some developed countries.
- Published
- 2018
25. The analysis of the public support, results, and the research field structure of the Czech security R&D in the years 2010–2015
- Author
-
Martin Faťun, Tomáš Vondrák, and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
Structure (mathematical logic) ,Czech ,security research ,Technology ,business.industry ,Field (Bourdieu) ,Environmental resource management ,language.human_language ,bibliometric analysis ,Political science ,language ,Regional science ,business ,Public support - Abstract
The article is devoted to an analysis of the public support and results of the security oriented R&D in Czechia in the years 2011–2015. The aim is to provide a knowledge base for active participation of users of results and existing and potential beneficiaries of public support in the development of the system and programs of the security research after 2017. The introductory part of the text describes the national environment of the security R&D, and the methodology of the data analysis of projects and programs and the bibliometric analyses of results of the security research. The analysis is focused in particular upon the distribution of the public funding, and the results obtained in R&D programs financed by the Ministry of the interior (MoI). The existing overlaps between R&D activities sponsored by MoI and by other governmental bodies are also examined.
- Published
- 2017
26. The involvement of Czechia in the international cooperation in the security research in the years 2010–2015
- Author
-
Tomáš Vondrák, Zdeněk Kučera, Daniel Frank, and Martin Faťun
- Subjects
security research ,fp7 ,Technology ,business.industry ,horizon 2020 ,Public relations ,Public administration ,business - Abstract
The aim of the paper is to assess the Czech participation in international cooperation in the security research and to identify obstacles which prevent a higher involvement of research teams from the Czech Republic in this cooperation. The methodological approach to the analysis and the used data sources are briefly described in the first part of the paper. In the next part we present the results of the analysis of the participation of entities from the Czech Republic in projects dealing with security issues, which were supported by the 7th Framework Program for Research and Technological Development and Horizon 2020, and by some other programs supporting the international cooperation in R&D. The obtained information is supplemented by results of the questionnaire survey between research organizations active in security research and by the findings of the expert workshop.
- Published
- 2017
27. Patent activities of the Czech enterprises – an international comparison
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera, Ondřej Pecha, and Tomáš Vondrák
- Subjects
Czech ,Technology ,industrial property rights ,05 social sciences ,patent activity ,language.human_language ,Commerce ,Economy ,0502 economics and business ,language ,Business ,patent analysis ,050203 business & management - Abstract
The Czech enterprise sector shows in a long term a significantly lower patent activity in comparison with both the most innovation-intensive EU economies, and the EU-15 average. The topic of this contribution is a comparison of the quality and the volume of the industrial property rights created in the Czech enterprises with a selected EU-15 countries classified as innovation leaders, strong and moderate innovators. Two new EU members, namely Poland and Hungary, were also included in the comparisons. The analysis shows that the number of the international patent applications registered by enterprises with the EPO and under the PCT treaty is by more than one order lower in comparison with both the innovation-intensive countries like Denmark, Germany, or Netherlands and the countries whose innovation performance is comparable to the Czech Republic. The Czech enterprises unlike their counterparts in the innovation-intensive countries register the priority applications with the home country patent office and only a small fraction is subsequently registered with EPO and under the PCT. Also the size of the patent families and subsequent citations of the Czech patents by other patent applications lags behind the innovation-intensive countries. The low patenting activity of the Czech enterprises correlates with a low expenditure on R&D. The Czech enterprises are somehow limited in the creation of knowledge giving rise to internationally competitive products which would demand international industrial property claims. The analysis also indicates that patent applications co-authored by Czech inventors are extensively owned by foreign corporations. The Czech enterprises produce a larger fraction of patents in collaboration with research organizations than foreign ones. It indicates that enterprises are interested in tapping in the research capacity of the universities and governmental R&D establishment. The detail analysis of the data in the national R&D Information System indicates that the number of patents created by enterprises supported by applied R&D programs is currently rather low. Beside the stimulation of the Czech enterprises to the in-house R&D spending it is necessary to support long-term strategic alliances of enterprises with research organizations. It will create a fertile environment for the development of radical innovations which are a key factor for the increase of international competitiveness and market shares.
- Published
- 2017
28. Name as a regional brand
- Author
-
Pavel Chromý, Michael Semian, and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
Czech ,Linguistics and Language ,History ,Sociology and Political Science ,05 social sciences ,World War II ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,Identity (social science) ,021107 urban & regional planning ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,language.human_language ,Geography ,Regional development ,Action (philosophy) ,language ,Spatial ecology ,Economic geography ,050703 geography ,Social psychology - Abstract
The article addresses denominations of specific regions, Local Action Groups (LAGs), in Czechia, and contributes to the academic debate regarding: relationships between formation of regions, their symbolic shape and regional identity; formation of regions by means of regional development. A set of 179 LAG names registered in the database of the National Network of Local Action Groups in the Czech Republic as of March 2014 are examined. LAG names are first analyzed in terms of the phenomena that constitute their essence, and subsequently their territorial differentiation is discussed. The analysis affirms the importance of territorial approach towards regional denomination. It has equally been affirmed that region naming strategies are spatially fragmented. Nevertheless, the territorial differentiation of names of LAG regions mirrors the elementary spatial patterns traditionally reproduced in the Czech context, namely west-east gradient of development level, distinctions between historical lands and differences between inland and borderland resettled after WWII.
- Published
- 2016
29. The patent activity of the Czech R&D organizations and its international comparison
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera and Tomáš Vondrák
- Subjects
Czech ,Technology ,Commerce ,business.industry ,Political science ,language ,Patent activity ,Accounting ,patent analysis ,business ,patent activity ,language.human_language - Abstract
An effective knowledge transfer between research institutions and industry is a significant bottleneck in the national innovation system. CR adopted in recent years a series of systemic measures aimed to stimulate the orientation of the R&D organizations towards the generation of knowledge directly applicable in the innovation process and more generally to improve the collaboration of the R&D establishment with the industry. In the majority of programs supporting the applied research patents and industrial designs and utility models are among the anticipated results. The Methodology of the evaluation of R&D organizations implemented in the second half of the last decade brought financial bonuses for the creation of the results in the category of industrial property. Despite of this stimulus CR lags behind the technologically advanced EU countries in the patent activities. The topic of this article is a comparison of the protection of the industrial property rights in the Czech higher education institutions and governmental R&D institutions with selected EU countries. We make use of a couple of quantitative indicators to assess the quality and the technological and the commercial potential of the produced industrial property. Despite a dynamic growth of the patent applications in the CR the number of patent applications relative to the country size is far below the EU-15 average. The Czech research organizations contribute to a higher extent to the number of patent applications then do the analogous institutions in EU-15 countries where the majority of patent applications come from the industrial sphere. The Czech research organizations mainly limit the patent rights to the Czech Republic whereas in the EU-15 countries the opposite is preponderant and only a small fraction of patent applications remains limited to the national environment. Thus the majority of the Czech patents created by research organizations cannot be commercialized on the international scene nor can contribute to the international competitiveness of the Czech industry. The patent applications submitted by the Czech research organizations are significantly less cited. This indicates that the protected intellectual property is of lesser importance. The Methodology of the evaluation of research organizations which was implemented in the second half of the last decade has visibly stimulated the patent activities of the research organizations but simultaneously an absence of any assessment of a future commercialization promoted a production of intellectual property of a limited commercial usability.
- Published
- 2016
30. Water Meadows as European Agricultural Heritage
- Author
-
Hans Renes, Csaba Centeri, Sebastian Eiter, Bénédicte Gaillard, Alexandra Kruse, Zdeněk Kučera, Oskar Puschmann, Michael Roth, and Martina Slámová
- Subjects
Agrarian society ,Irrigation ,Geography ,business.industry ,Agriculture ,Management system ,Environmental resource management ,Growing season ,business ,Productivity ,Tourism - Abstract
From the Middle Ages until the twentieth century, water meadows in Europe were primarily irrigated to improve their productivity and to lengthen the growing season. They were water management systems designed to collect and use water and to discharge it: water had to be kept moving. This chapter presents a general overview and a history of research on European water meadows. It also examines examples from the sandy landscapes of northwestern Europe, from Slovakia, and Norway. Three main types of water meadows are distinguished: simple dam systems, more elaborate catchworks, and highly developed bedworks. Of these, bedworks were technically and organizationally the most complex; they were also the most costly in construction and maintenance. Most water meadows were abandoned in the twentieth century; in many places, however, their traces can still be recognized in the landscape. They are both an interesting part of European agrarian and landscape heritage and a carrier of regional identity. In recent years, a number of water meadows have been restored, for ecological, water management, tourism, and heritage purposes.
- Published
- 2019
31. The research and development in the engineering field in the higher education system of the Czech Republic and its international comparison
- Author
-
Tomáš Vondrák and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
Czech ,Technology ,Higher education ,business.industry ,Field (Bourdieu) ,language.human_language ,bibliometric analysis ,Political science ,research and development in the engineering field ,Regional science ,language ,patent analysis ,business - Abstract
The Czech Republic is at the forefront of the EU in the contribution of the manufacturing to the total gross value added. The Czech industry contributes significantly to the positive balance of trade of the country. The overall international competitiveness of the Czech Republic will depend upon the innovation performance of the manufacturing sector and its competitiveness on the foreign markets. A necessary condition for extending the share on the foreign markets is the effective harnessing of the national R&D capacity and a strong qualified local workforce. This contribution uses a bibliometric and a patent analysis for the assessment of the R&D carried out by the Czech higher education institutions (HEIs) oriented towards the engineering fields, and selected more general universities, and compares them with similar HEIs in a selected group of developed countries. The analysis indicates that the Czech publication activity in the field of engineering grows. The Czech publications in engineering are cited below the world average which indicates that their impact (and to some extent the quality of the underlying R&D) lags behind the world. The patent activity of the Czech HEIs is on the international scale rather weak. The patenting activity of the Czech HEIs strongly grows since the middle of the last decade. This may by a side effect of the new evaluation methodology which takes into account also the patents. The number of patents registered with the Czech Industrial Property Office increases but on the other hand the international patenting activities tend to stagnate. This gives rise to questions about the real value of the produced patents from the point of their importance for the export competitiveness of the Czech industry.
- Published
- 2016
32. Key Enabling Technologies v ČR – internacionalizace výzkumu a průmyslového vlastnictví / Key Enabling Technologies in the Czech Republic – the internationalization of research and of industrial property rights
- Author
-
Tomáš Vondrák and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
Czech ,Technology ,photonics ,Industrial property ,language.human_language ,advanced manufacturing technology ,nanoelectronics ,advanced materials ,Internationalization ,microelectronics ,language ,Key (cryptography) ,nanotechnologies ,industrial biotechnology ,Business ,Economic system ,key enabling technologies - Abstract
This article aims to examine the character of the international relationships of the Czech Republic in R&D in the Key Enabling Technologies (KETs), and in the protection of international industrial property rights. The analysis of the publication activities indicates an increase of the internationalization of the Czech R&D in nanotechnology and to a lesser extent in advanced manufacturing technologies both in an absolute volume and relatively to the overall internalization of the whole Czech R&D system. The R&D related to KETs uses the foreign expertise less than is the overall extent of the R&D international collaboration of the Czech Republic. The traditional Czech R&D partners USA, UK, and Germany dominate in the KETs oriented collaborations. The collaboration in photonics and micro- and nanoelectronic with Japan, in nanotechnology with Malaysia and in advanced materials with Singapore is significantly higher than the overall collaboration with these countries. On the other side it is rather disquieting, that countries with advanced R&D like Austria, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Sweden are underrepresented in the KETs oriented Czech collaborative research. The patent analysis indicates that almost a half of the inventions in which the Czech researchers participated, is co-owned by foreign subjects. This probably relates to a significant number of global corporations or subsidiaries with R&D operating in the Czech Republic. In micro- and nanolelectronics and to a significant extent in photonics more than half of patent applications are co-owned by foreign entities. Most of the patent applications originating from Czech inventors are owned by US subjects. On the other hand the fraction of patent applications which have foreign inventors and are co-owned by Czech subjects is significantly lower in comparison with developed countries.
- Published
- 2015
33. Key Enabling Technologies – pozice České republiky v rámci EU a porovnání s vybranými zahraničními zeměmi
- Author
-
Tomáš Vondrák and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
fotonika ,Technology ,pokročilé materiály ,photonics ,nanoelektronika ,klíčové umožňující technologie ,nanoelectronics ,advanced materials ,nanotechnologie ,mikroelektronika ,microelectronics ,Economic history ,Business ,nanotechnologies ,industrial biotechnology ,průmyslové biotechnologie ,key enabling technologies - Abstract
„Klíčové umožňující technologie“ (Key Enabling Technologies, KETs) představující technologie náročné na znalosti a spojené s intenzivním VaV, rychlými inovačními cykly, vysokými kapitálovými náklady a vysoce kvalifikovanými pracovními místy, jsou zdrojem inovací v celé řadě technologických oblastí. KETs proto stojí v popředí zájmu tvůrců politiky výzkumu, vývoje a inovací a jsou zapracovány do řady strategicko-koncepčních dokumentů zaměřených na oblast VaVaI. V ČR jsou KETs zapracovány do Strategie pro inteligentní specializaci (RIS3) a také některé nově připravené programy na podporu VaVaI svými cíli a zaměřením zohledňují tyto technologické oblasti. Jak však vyplývá z provedené analýzy, ČR ve VaV zatím ve většině KETs zaostává nejen za předními technologicky vyspělými zeměmi, jako jsou USA či Korejská republika, ale i za průměrem zemí EU-28. Uspokojivou pozici má ČR pouze v případě nanotechnologií, kde patentová i publikační aktivita předstihuje většinu členských států EU. Naopak největší „zaostávání“ je patrné v případě mikro- a nanoelektroniky. Také podíl produktů využívajících KETs v celkovém vývozu je v ČR poněkud nižší, než je tomu v případě technologicky vyspělých zemí zařazených do této srovnávací studie. Vzhledem k tomu, že KETs jsou zapracovány do národní RIS3 strategie a do připravovaných operačních programů i některých programů připravených na národní úrovni, lze očekávat, že kvalita VaV se v těchto významných technologických oblastech bude v ČR postupně zvyšovat a nové poznatky budou využívány efektivněji v podnikových inovacích.
- Published
- 2015
34. Transformations of spatial relationships in elementary education: A case study of changes in two Czech rural areas since the second half of the 20th century
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera, Silvie Kučerová, and Jan D. Bláha
- Subjects
Czech ,Economic growth ,Geography (General) ,elementary education ,rural areas ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Primary education ,Context (language use) ,the czech republic ,language.human_language ,educational policy ,Geography ,zábřeh district ,turnov district ,Regional science ,language ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,school patterns ,catchment areas ,G1-922 ,Rural area ,Business management ,Spatial organization - Abstract
Transformations in the spatial organization of elementary education in the Czech Republic over the last 50 years are examined in this article, via case studies of two rural regions (Turnov district and Zábřeh district). The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of general development trends in elementary schools in territorial detail. Changes in the spatial distribution of schools, the size of school catchment areas, and the main education-related commuter flows are analyzed and visualized in cartographic form, in the context of educational policy and management.
- Published
- 2015
35. Hledání zmizelého: sídla zaniklá v pohraničí Česka v 2. polovině 20. století a jejich dědictví
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera, Kučerová, Silvie R., and Meyer, Petr
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Regional Awareness and Regional Identity in Czechia: Case Study of the Bohemian Paradise
- Author
-
Pavel Chromý, Michal Semian, and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,Identity (social science) ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,Political science ,Ethnology ,Paradise ,050703 geography ,Earth-Surface Processes ,media_common - Abstract
Since 1980s, we can observe a changing paradigm within the approaches towards regions which understand and deconstruct the “region” as a social process. Instead of understanding the region as an object or a category, this change transforms the region into a subject of interest for scholars. The study of regions is from now on considered a research topic which requires a holistic understanding of geography, broad interdisciplinary approaches as well as local and historical sensitivity. The paper is using a conceptual understanding of a region based on the combination of territorial, symbolic and institutional configurations. Regional identity that permeates through all of these layers is viewed as one of the most important elements of the very existence of the region and its recognition in the regional system. This paper contributes to the discussion on the importance of regional identity in regional development. The case study of the Bohemian Paradise region proves the significant influence of landscape features on the process of regional identity reproduction.
- Published
- 2014
37. Energy research in the Czech Republic – comparison of R&D expenditure and results with foreign countries
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera and Tomáš Vondrák
- Subjects
Czech ,Economic policy ,Energy (esotericism) ,Economics ,language ,International economics ,language.human_language - Abstract
Energy research is one of the fields of the National Priorities of Oriented Research, Experimental Development and Innovations. The Czech Republic is facing rather ambitious targets in the utilization of renewable energy resources, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and improvement of the overall energetic efficiency of the national economy. The fulfilling of these goals will require an intensive R&D in a broad spectrum of disciplines and technology fields. The present article evaluates the extent and the structure of the support of the energy research in the Czech Republic and brings comparisons with foreign countries both in expenditure and results in various research fields. The Czech Republic spends relatively more public resources in the nuclear technology research. It is accompanied by higher publication activities. It is in a stark contrast with significantly lower patenting activities in this field, except of the branch of non-fossil fuel production, in comparison with both the World and EU-27 countries.
- Published
- 2014
38. R&D collaboration of EU countries with partners beyond the EU group
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera, Tomáš Vondrák, and Daniel Frank
- Subjects
Economic growth ,Bibliometric analysis ,business.industry ,Group (mathematics) ,Political science ,Public relations ,business ,Eu countries - Abstract
International collaboration is an important factor stimulating the advancement of national research and development. In this paper we use bibliometric analysis for the evaluation of the extent and the intensity of collaboration of EU countries with partners beyond the EU group. The main partner of the EU is the USA whose authors participate on nearly one tenth of European scientific publications. Within the 6th and 7th Framework Programme, measured by the number of R&D teams, Russia dominates. Former socialist countries exhibit a broader orientation towards Russia and other countries of the former USSR than the EU-15 countries. The number of US R&D teams involved in collaboration with Czech entities is only about one third of the Russian ones.
- Published
- 2013
39. [Health literacy in Czech population results of the comparative representative research]
- Author
-
Zdeněk, Kučera, Jurgen, Pelikan, and Alena, Šteflová
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Young Adult ,Age Distribution ,Adolescent ,Health Care Surveys ,Humans ,Female ,Middle Aged ,Czech Republic ,Health Literacy - Abstract
Health literacy survey was carried out at the end of 2014 in the context of preparation of implementation strategy of the Program Health 2020 in the Czech Republic. The survey was conducted by the National Institute of Public Health with financial support from the Ministry of Health and the Czech WHO office. Sociological survey replicated comparative research conducted in eight EU countries in the first half of this decade. Representative survey in 1037 respondents in the age over 16 years, selected in all regions of the country. The identical methodology as used in the original study was utilized. Health literacy was measured in the areas of health care, disease prevention and health promotion.We found that 59,4 % of respondents showed limited general health literacy; health literacy in health care is proved to be 49.5 % of the population, in the area of disease prevention it was 54.1 % respondents and in health promotion it was even even 64.3 % of respondents. Compared to the other countries surveyed, Czech Republic occupies the eighth, penultimate place. Health literacy is correlated negatively with age and positively with education. We found a strong social gradient of health literacy which rises with social status. Health literacy quite significantly influences the health status and health behaviors.Key words: health literacy, health behaviour, health promotion, social determinants of health.
- Published
- 2016
40. Wooded Grasslands as Part of the European Agricultural Heritage
- Author
-
Marta Dobrovodská, Johannes Dreer, Hans Renes, Martina Slámová, Anna Varga, Jutta Kapfer, Dagmar Štefunková, Maurizia Sigura, Csaba Centeri, Dénes Saláta, Mauro Agnoletti, Antonio Santoro, Salvador Villacreces, Zdeněk Kučera, Sebastian Eiter, Francesca Emanueli, Alexandra Kruse, Michael Roth, and Section Geography and Education
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,business.industry ,Biocultural diversity ,Environmental resource management ,Biodiversity ,Subsidy ,Ecological succession ,030108 mycology & parasitology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Sustainable land use ,Rural countryside ,Best-practice examples ,Water resources ,03 medical and health sciences ,Geography ,Ecotourism ,Agriculture ,Sustainability ,business - Abstract
Wooded grasslands have always played an important role in rural life with changing issues: They are of high importance for questions of biodiversity, soil, and water resources and in preserving agricultural heritage, but their maintenance is labor intensive. Abandoned wooded grasslands undergo succession, and food production alone does not support their survival. They require special attention and at the beginning a well-established subsidy system can help to contribute to their survival. Their sustainable use in the present-day landscapes can only be conceivable in complexity where food production, reintroduction of their cultural values, biodiversity and landscape protection, and ecotourism are playing an important role. This chapter gives an overview on the recent situation of wooded grasslands and their historical development, based on the work done by the Institute for Research on European Agricultural Landscapes (www.eucalandnetwork.eu). National pictures, definitions, history (including local names), threats, potentials, cultural values, spatial distributions, subtypes, and available databases have been collected, described, and analyzed. The main results of this survey are as follows: (1) Wooded grasslands are known to the public but mainly to local communities where they occur; (2) Many subtypes of wooded grasslands exist in various European countries; (3) Wooded grasslands underwent tremendous changes during the past centuries and lost their importance for various reasons; (4) There are many local and regional projects focusing on wooded grasslands, often as “lighthouse” projects to valorise cultural achievements.
- Published
- 2016
41. R&D collaboration of the EU countries with partners beyond the EU group
- Author
-
Tomáš Vondrák, Zdeněk Kučera, and Daniel Frank
- Subjects
Group (periodic table) ,business.industry ,Political science ,International trade ,business ,Eu countries - Abstract
International collaboration is an important factor stimulating the advancement of national research and development. In this paper we use bibliometric analysis for the evaluation of the extent and the intensity of collaboration of the EU countries with partners beyond the EU group. The main partner of EU is the USA whose authors participate on nearly one tenth of the European scientifi c publications. Within the 6th and 7th Framework Programme, measured by the number of R&D teams, Russia dominates. Former socialist countries exhibit a broader orientation towards Russia and other countries of the former USSR than the EU-15 countries. The number of American R&D teams involved in the collaboration with Czech subjects is about only one third of the Russian ones.
- Published
- 2012
42. Changes in the Accessibility of Elementary Schools in Czechia as a Factor of Disadvantage Impacting Regions and Localities
- Author
-
Silvie Kučerová, Zdeněk Kučera, Přemysl Štych, and Tomáš Mattern
- Subjects
Geography ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,Spatial inequalities ,Economic geography ,050703 geography ,Disadvantage ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
The aim of the article is to identify changes in the distance and time accessibility of elementary schools in Czechia, during the second half of the twentieth century, using geo-informational analytical methods. to the article focuses particularly on quality of life in disadvantaged, peripheral areas. The elementary school network has been changing, in accordance with general changes in the geographical organization of society and school catchment areas have been expanding due to improved transportation possibilities. The second part of the article addresses the impact of changes in elementary school accessibility on life in rural peripheral regions, utilizing in-depth interviews with inhabitants from six case study localities, where local schools were closed, during the observed period. The article introduces a classification of forms of disadvantage, affecting regions and localities and resulting from spatial inequalities in the distribution of elementary schools.
- Published
- 2011
43. A Typology of Rural Space in Czechia according to its Potential for Development
- Author
-
Radim Perlín, Silvie Kučerová, and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
Typology ,Development (topology) ,Geography ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,Regional science ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,Space (commercial competition) ,050703 geography ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
The objective of this article is the regional differentiation of rural space in Czechia, which is defined as the territory of rural municipalities of up to 3,000 inhabitants. The ultimate determination of particular types of rural space is realized at the level of authorized municipal authorities. Current socioeconomic characteristics of rural municipalities in Czechia are compiled and used for analysis. These characteristics were selected on the basis of their potential to represent important socioeconomic phenomena, processes and factors that are typical for the Czech countryside and that influence the development of rural municipalities. Four statistically significant components are identified through the statistical analysis of the indicated data at the level of authorized municipal authorities, namely:size,growth,human potentialandhousing. Different combinations of these components enable us to define eight main types of rural space, in terms of potential for development. This provides evidence to confirm our affirmation that rural space in Czechia is not homogenous. The results of the statistical analyses conducted also show that the basic differentiation of the Czech countryside is determined by the geographical location of particular areas.
- Published
- 2010
44. An elementary school in networks: Contribution to geography of education
- Author
-
Silvie Kučerová, Zdeněk Kučera, and Pavel Chromý
- Subjects
Geography ,Pedagogy ,Mathematics education - Published
- 2010
45. Settlement and municipality: Fundamental terms in geography of settlements and their relationship
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
Geography ,Human settlement ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Settlement (litigation) ,Archaeology ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
Settlement and municipality are fundamental terms in geography of settlements, which are often identified or interchanged. Their meaning and relationship are analysed in the article with using different sources. A settlement is an inseparable part of cultural landscape and a landscape unit with certain physiognomy in particular. A municipality is an abstract societal unit. Settlement organization within the system of settlements is the image and product of human activity in certain landscape, whereas character and number of municipalities are the image and product of spatial organization of society.
- Published
- 2007
46. Changes in the rural elementary schools network in Czechia during the second half of the 20th century and its possible impact on rural areas
- Author
-
Silvie Kučerová and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
Czech ,Economic growth ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Primary education ,Social Sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Space (commercial competition) ,prostorová polarizace ,Regional science ,rural space ,česko ,Closure (psychology) ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,municipalities ,venkovský prostor ,Agriculture ,czechia ,language.human_language ,elementary school network ,Geography ,spatial polarization ,sít základních škol ,language ,obce ,Rural area - Abstract
Equality in access to education is a basic right of every citizen of the Czech Republic. However, this principle exhibits not only a social aspect but also a spatial, geographical dimension. The absence or closure of elementary school can be a spatial expression of unequal access to elementary education and a part of the process of peripherization of certain area. The consequences of such development are often most intensive in less densely populated rural areas. Thus in the article the changes in spatial distribution of elementary schools in Czechia between 1961 and 2004 are analyzed with special focus on rural areas. These changes are not only characterized but their possible outcomes and impacts on the functioning on local communities in rural space are being discussed as well.
- Published
- 2009
47. The application of decision models at choice of a convenient type of farm
- Author
-
Eva Vaněčková and Zdeněk Kučera
- Subjects
type of farm ,decision models ,multi criteria evaluation of alternatives - Abstract
The paper shows how to choose the most convenient type of farm by means of methods for multi criteria evaluation of alternatives. Because of multifunctional character of agriculture, type of farm must be valuated from different views, according to different criteria. The multi criteria decision making among various types of farm is illustrated by a model farm in a mountainous area. The task has been solved from an economic and an ecologic view. A different significance of the chosen criteria reflected these two different approaches to the choice of the most convenient type of farm.
- Published
- 1999
48. KLOPÝTÁNÍ ZA JEŽÍŠEM - SVĚDECTVÍ A VYZNÁNÍ.
- Author
-
KUČERA, ZDENĚK
- Abstract
Copyright of Theological Review / Theologická Revue is the property of Charles University, Hussite Theological Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
49. MORS VENIT VELOCITER.
- Published
- 2017
50. Iodometric determination of 2-mercaptobenzthiazole by coulometric titration
- Author
-
Zdeněk Kučera, Jiří Krofta, and Milan Karlík
- Subjects
Coulometry ,Chromatography ,Chemistry ,General Chemistry - Abstract
The optimum conditions were found for the determination of 2-mercaptobenzthiazole (MBT) by coulometric titration with the generated iodine using biamperometric indication of the titration end point. Use is made of the oxidation to the disulphide (n = 1) and to benzothiazole-2-sulphinate (n = 4) in the regions pH 4.5-8.5 and 10-12, respectively. Eight repeated titrations to the disulphide gave the relative standard deviations 0.27% and 1.23% in the determination of 1 675 and 33.5 μg MBT, respectively, seven repeated titrations of 419 μg MBT to benzothiazole-2-sulphinate afforded results with the relative standard deviation 0.34%.
- Published
- 1982
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.