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1. Fifth Annual Summer Research Summit on Health Equity Organized by the Center of Excellence in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA on May 17, 2022

Author

Aaditya Arun, Abhijit Rao, Abigail Hecht, Aaron Garcia, Abiodun Oluyomi, Aaron Lapidus, Achilia Morrow, Adaeze Eze, Adedoyin Adesina, Ajeesh Sunny, Aleah Booker, Alejandra Duque, Aleksandr Tichter, Alexandra Alvarenga, Alexandra Fincher, Alexandra Regens, Alexandria Heinze, Alexis Batiste, Alice King, Alicia Bao, Alison Zill, Aliza Wong, Allison Teng, Alqassem Hakami, Amanda Barczyk, Amari Johnson, Amy Engler, Analisia Stewart, Anam Ahmed, Andrea Wallace, Andrew Anderson, Andrew Wapner, Angela Park, Anirudh Gadicherla, Anita Ramsetty, Anna Volerman, Anthony Duruewuru, Arkene Levy, Arlette Chavez, Armando Martinez, Ashley Alford, Ashly Paul, Asia Payne, Audrey Huang, Avery Allen, Ayleen Hernandez, Beau Meyer, Brian Downer, Brian Reed, Brianna Wapples, Cara Gomez, Carli O'Neal, Cassandra Pasadyn, Cate Campisi, Charles Hyman, Charleta Guillory, Chasity O’Malley, Chelsea Godfrey, Chethan Rao, Chris Amos, Chris Draft, Christen Jarshaw, Christian Shannon, Christina Kuruvilla, Christo Manikkuttiyil, Christopher Moriates, Claire Bollinger, Connor Vaculik, Courtney Jacobs, Crystal Casado, Cynthia Jumper, D. Wood, Dana Clark, Daniel Griffin, Daniel Millian, Danielle Gonzales, Danya Aljafari, Daryle Pickens, David Danesh, David Hsiou, David Karngba, Deepa Dongarwar, Demetria Smith-Graziani, Denise Iheanachor, Derek Yan, Devika Jaishankar, Elizabeth Keating, Elizabeth Onugha, Ellen Fremion, Ellie Edwards, Emelia Watts, Emily Anderson, Emily Powell, Emily Zientek, Emmanuel Achilike, Eric Rademacher, Erik Malmberg, Eugene Manley, Eunique Williams, Faisal Alqahtani, Farrah Jacquez, Farzanna Haffizulla, Felicia Rosiji, Felicia Skelton, Fyona Okundia, Gabriela Tantillo, Gabriela Garcia, Gabrielle Jacquet, Gabrielle Young, Gal Barbut, Genevra Murray, George Idehen, Grayson Jackson, Grey Loyd, Gualberto Munoz, Haeyeon Hong, Haley Ponce, Hamisu Salihu, Hammad Khalid, Hamza Shamim, Hanna Fanous, Heli Patel, Homa Amini, Hyacinth Mason, Hye Choi, Ian Peake, Ibrahim Omer, Ida Orengo, Ifeoma Ezenwabachili, Imelda Vetter, Israa Malli, Ivan Ponce, Jacob Moran, Jad Zeitouni, Jaideep Kapur, Jake Lynn, Jasmine Lemmons, Jay Ulysses, Jean Raphael, Jeff Robison, Jenna Jenna Zamil, Jennifer Onwukwe, Jensen Gary, Jessica McGraw-Heinrich, Jessica Lin, Jesus Vallejo, Jodie Holodak, John Davis, John Jawiche, John Miggins, Khan Mohammad, Kiara Olmeda, Kimberly Hammersmith, Kirsten Wheeler, Kristen Staggers, Kristian Jones, Kristina Hulten, Kylie Hagerdon, Laiba Asif, Lainie Mabe, Larissa Grigoryan, Laura Rosen, Laurel Chen, Lauren Gambill, Lauren Oliver, Lee Poythress, Leonard Wang, Lindsey Yates, Lisa Noll, Lon Pang, Lori Crosby, Love Nzeadu, Luis Lang, Luis Rustveld, Luke Gilman, Luke Nordstrom, Lydia Meece, Maija Holsti, Maisha Standifer, Marcus Moses, Margaux Amara, Maria Hernandez, Maria Macias, Maria Vigil-Mallette, Mariah Mills, Mariana Baroni, Maricarmen Marroquin, Mario Witt, Marissa Goodwin, Martha Diaz, Mary Fang, Maryam Shafaee, Matthew Morones, May Sudhinaraset, Meena Kannan, Melissa Bondy, Melissa Dunn, Melissa Suter, Meselle Jeff-Eke, Michael Hole, Michael Igwe, Michael Zhu, Michelle Colarelli, Michelle Debbink, Miles Farr, Mohamad Halawi, Monica Kowalczy, Monica Mitchell, Morgan Lee, Morgan Williams, Morhaf Achkar, Nabeeha Engineer, Nada Naaman, Nagireddy Putluri, Nalini Ram, Nancy Osazuwa, Natalie Guerrero, Natalie Tedford, Nathalie Jetté, Nathaniel Giles, Navya Kumar, Nicholas Peoples, Nital Appelbaum, Norman Farr, Oriana Reyes, Pablo de la Vega, Pablo Coello, Parker Kirby, Parth Malaviya, Patrick Hardigan, Paul Hershberger, Paulina Powell, Perry Smith, Praneet Paidisetty, Priyanka Ranchod, Rachel Deer, Rachel Johnston, Radha Nune, Rashmi Koul, Raymond Kitziger, Reagan Collins, Rebecca Woofter, Reginald Toussant, Ria Brown, Rider Calhoun, Riley Martinez, Rojelio Mejia, Romy Pena, Ryan Shepherd, Sajani Patel, Samagra Jain, Samiksha Prasad, Sarah Bell, Sarah Durbin, Sarah Heady, Sarah Pajka, Sarah Peiffer, Sarah Raines, Sarah Taha, Scott Rosenfeld, Shangyi Fu, Sheldon Kaplan, Shellie Wolf, Shixia Huang, Siya Khanna, Siyue Wang, Sofia Gereta, Soham Snih, Spencer Krane, Stacey Gomes, Stacey Rose, Stacy Pierson, Stephanie Camey, Stephanie Ivy, Stephanie Loo, Steven Mehl, Sumiko Maristany, Sundeep Keswani, Sunny Nakae, Susanna Cohen, Sylvia Adu-Gyamfi, Tamara Ortiz-Perez, Tania Alfaro, Tarrance Williams, Teresia O’Connor, Theresa Byrd, Thomas Agostini, Thomas Bini, Thomas Medrano, Tiffany Anaebere, Tim Lee, Timothy Crawford, Tina Brock, Ton La, Unoma Akamagwuna, Upal Roy, US Pediatric Multicenter Pneumococcal Surveillance Group, Vidhyasai Annem, Vijay Rajput, Vikram Patel, Vishal Patel, Warona Mathuba, Xian Yu, Yadira Leon, Yesenya Gonzalez, Yousef Rafati, Zachary Kadow, Zachary Simpson, Zahra Majd, Zane Shah, Zeena Nawas, and Zhining Ou

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

The fifth annual summer research summit organized by the Center of Excellence (COE) in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), was held on May 17, 2022. The theme of this year’s summit was ‘Academic-Community Partnerships: Change Agents for Advancing Health Equity.’ Given the ongoing pandemic, the summit was conducted virtually through digital platforms. This program was intended for both BCM and external audiences interested in advancing health equity, diversity, and inclusion in healthcare among healthcare providers and trainees, biomedical scientists, social workers, nurses, and individuals involved in talent acquisition and development, such as hiring managers (HR professionals), supervisors, college and hospital affiliate leadership and administrators, as well as diversity and inclusion excellence practitioners. We had attendees from all regions of the United States as well as from Saudi Arabia. The content in this Book of Abstracts encapsulates a summary of the research efforts by the BCM COE scholars (which includes post-baccalaureate students, medical students, clinical fellows, and junior faculty from BCM) as well as the external summit participants. The range of topics in this year’s summit was quite diverse, encompassing disparities in relation to maternal and child health (MCH), immigrant health, cancers, vaccination uptakes, and COVID-19 infections. Various solutions were ardently presented to address these disparities, including community engagement and partnerships, improvement in health literacy, and the development of novel technologies and therapeutics. With this summit, BCM continues to build on its long history of educational outreach initiatives to promote diversity in medicine by focusing on programs aimed at increasing the number of diverse and highly qualified medical professionals ready to introduce effective and innovative approaches to reduce or eliminate health disparities. These programs will improve information resources, clinical education, curricula, research, and cultural competence as they relate to minority health issues and social determinants of health. The year’s summit was a great success! Copyright © 2022 Dongarwar et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

Published
2022
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4. Acute Stress Enhances Associative Learning via Dopamine Signaling in the Ventral Lateral Striatum

Author

Claire E. Stelly, Matthew J. Wanat, Yousef Rafati, and Sean C. Tritley

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Dopamine, media_common.quotation_subject, Conditioning, Classical, Striatum, Synaptic Transmission, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Reward, medicine, Animals, Research Articles, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, Appetitive Behavior, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Ventral striatum, Association Learning, Classical conditioning, Rats, Associative learning, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Dopamine receptor, Ventral Striatum, Conditioning, Cues, business, Neuroscience, Stress, Psychological, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug, Vigilance (psychology)
Abstract

Acute stress transiently increases vigilance, enhancing the detection of salient stimuli in one's environment. This increased perceptual sensitivity is thought to promote the association of rewarding outcomes with relevant cues. The mesolimbic dopamine system is critical for learning cue–reward associations. Dopamine levels in the ventral striatum are elevated following exposure to stress. Together, this suggests that the mesolimbic dopamine system could mediate the influence of acute stress on cue–reward learning. To address this possibility, we examined how a single stressful experience influenced learning in an appetitive pavlovian conditioning task. Male rats underwent an episode of restraint prior to the first conditioning session. This acute stress treatment augmented conditioned responding in subsequent sessions. Voltammetry recordings of mesolimbic dopamine levels demonstrated that acute stress selectively increased reward-evoked dopamine release in the ventral lateral striatum (VLS), but not in the ventral medial striatum. Antagonizing dopamine receptors in the VLS blocked the stress-induced enhancement of conditioned responding. Collectively, these findings illustrate that stress engages dopamine signaling in the VLS to facilitate appetitive learning.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAcute stress influences learning about aversive and rewarding outcomes. Dopamine neurons are sensitive to stress and critical for reward learning. However, it is unclear whether stress regulates reward learning via dopamine signaling. Using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry as rats underwent pavlovian conditioning, we demonstrate that a single stressful experience increases reward-evoked dopamine release in the ventral lateral striatum. This enhanced dopamine signal accompanies a long-lasting increase in conditioned behavioral responding. These findings highlight that the ventral lateral striatum is a node for mediating the effect of stress on reward processing.

Published
2020
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5. Effect of microtubule resonant frequencies on neurons

Author

Gleb P. Tolstykh, Ibtissam Echchgadda, Jody C. Cantu, Anna V. Sedelnikova, Yousef Rafati, Christopher M. Valdez, and Xomalin G. Peralta

Subjects
Membrane potential, Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy, Electrophysiology, Tubulin, biology, Neurite, Cell culture, Chemistry, Microtubule, biology.protein, Biophysics, Radio frequency
Abstract

Recent studies suggest that microtubules (MTs) and tubulin proteins exhibit resonant frequencies in the radiofrequency (RF) range. We hypothesize that exposing neurons to externally applied RF waves tuned to an intrinsic resonant frequency of MTs or tubulin could disrupt the natural signaling occurring in and around them, leading to neurophysiological changes. To test this hypothesis, we assembled custom exposure systems that allow stable RF exposures of cell cultures in a controlled environment (37°C, 5% CO2, 95% humidity). We then exposed differentiated NG108-15 neuronal cells to RF waves tuned to selected resonance peaks for tubulin (91 MHz and 281 MHz) and for MTs (3.0 GHz) for 1 hr at a power density of 0.24 mW/cm2 (SAR = 0.012, 0.087, and 0.53 mW/kg, respectively). We used fluorescence imaging of endogenous MTs and current-clamp electrophysiology to investigate changes following RF exposures compared to sham. The results from the imaging data show a clear difference in the localization of fluorescent MTs between the sham and the RF exposed neuronal cells. The sham cells exhibited more fluorescence in the neurite projections, whereas the RF exposed cells showed a more diffuse pattern, with a stronger fluorescence in the cell body. The electrophysiological results showed that resting membrane potentials of the RF exposed neuronal cells were more depolarized than those of the sham cells. Consequently, we observed spontaneous action potentials in the RF exposed cells, which were not present in the sham cells. Overall, our results suggest that exposing neurons to MTs or tubulin resonant frequencies might affect MTs normal behavior, leading to neurophysiological changes. However, to confirm the specificity of resonant frequency effect and validate this idea, studies investigating exposures to nonresonant frequencies and additional tubulin and MTs resonant frequencies are warranted.

Published
2020
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