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Overweight and obesity in adults have become a global public health problem. Epidemiological studies suggest that sleep duration may contribute to the incidence of overweight and obesity in all stages of life. China has an increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity, and sleep deprivation is common among Chinese adults. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the prospective relationship between insufficient sleep and the incidence of overweight or obesity in Chinese adults and estimate the risk. A systematic search was performed on June 6, 2021, of Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science. The exposure was the sleep duration, and the outcome measure was the incidence of overweight or obesity. The odds ratios, relative risks, hazard ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted. Heterogeneity and publication bias of the studies were checked with a sensitivity analysis. Four studies fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. A total of 34,877 and 184,796 participants (Chinese men and women, age > 18 years) were included for the analyses of general and central obesities, respectively. The pooled relative risks for a short sleep duration were 1.06 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.25; I2 = 0.00) and 1.12 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.16, I2 = 0.00) for the incidence of general and central obesities, respectively. Studies showed no significant heterogeneity. In conclusion, this study showed that a short sleep duration was associated with the development of central obesity but not with that of general obesity in Chinese adults.

The development of mouse spermatozoa is a continuous process from spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids to mature sperm. Those developing germ cells (spermatogonia, spermatocyte, and spermatids) together with supporting sertoli cells are all enclosed inside seminiferous tubules of the testis, their identification is key to testis histology and pathology analysis. Automated segmentation of all these cells is a challenging task because of their dynamical changes in different stages. The accurate segmentation of testicular cells is critical in developing computerized spermatogenesis staging. In this paper, we present a novel segmentation model, SED-Net, which incorporates a squeeze-and-excitation (SE) module and a dense unit. The SE module optimizes and obtains features from different channels, whereas the dense unit uses fewer parameters to enhance the use of features. A human-in-the-loop strategy, named deep interactive learning, is developed to achieve better segmentation performance while reducing the workload of manual annotation and time consumption. Across a cohort of 274 seminiferous tubules from stages VI to VIII, the SED-Net achieved a pixel accuracy of 0.930, a mean pixel accuracy of 0.866, a mean intersection over union of 0.710, and a frequency weighted intersection over union of 0.878, respectively, in terms of four types of testicular cell segmentation. There is no significant difference between manual annotated tubules and segmentation results by SED-Net in cell composition analysis for tubules from stages VI to VIII. In addition, we performed cell composition analysis on 2346 segmented seminiferous tubule images from 12 segmented testicular section results. The results provided quantitation of cells of various testicular cell types across 12 stages. The rule reflects the cell variation tendency across 12 stages during development of mouse spermatozoa. The method could enable us to not only analyze cell morphology and staging during the development of mouse spermatozoa but also potentially could be applied to the study of reproductive diseases such as infertility.

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Figure S3. Boxplots corresponding to the top SpaTIL features. (a) D1, (b) D2, (c) D3, and (d) D4.

Table S1. List of all SpaTIL features. Table S2. List of the most discriminating spaTIL features for predicting recurrence in NSCLC. In this study, density is defined as the ratio of the number of cells within the cluster to the cluster pixel area, betweenness centrality is a measure of centrality in a graph based on shortest paths, and closeness centrality is a measure of centrality calculated as the sum of the length of the shortest paths between the node and all other nodes in the graph. Table S3: Summary of clinical and pathological features of the studied NSCLC cohorts. Table S4: Multivariable survival analysis on the test sets including SpaTIL. Table S5. Treatment information for the datasets included in this study.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show prominent clinical activity across multiple advanced tumors. However, less than half of patients respond even after molecule-based selection. Thus, improved biomarkers are required. In this study, we use an image analysis to capture morphologic attributes relating to the spatial interaction and architecture of tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from digitized H&E images. We evaluate the association of image features with progression-free (PFS) and overall survival in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ( N = 187) and gynecological cancer ( N = 39) patients treated with ICIs. We demonstrated that the classifier trained with NSCLC alone was associated with PFS in independent NSCLC cohorts and also in gynecological cancer. The classifier was also associated with clinical outcome independent of clinical factors. Moreover, the classifier was associated with PFS even with low PD-L1 expression. These findings suggest that image analysis can be used to predict clinical end points in patients receiving ICI.

Adsorbents with the combination of magnetic separation and removal performance are expected for reducing the adverse impact of nuclear pollution. In this study, the core–shell Fe3O4@polydopamine (Fe3O4@PDA) was successfully synthesized and used for removal of uranium (U(VI)) ion from aqueous solution. The abundant N-containing groups derived from PDA exist as the chelate sites for U(VI) and contribute greatly for U(VI) removal. Experimental results show that Fe3O4@PDA (56.39 mg g–1) exhibits greater sorption capacity for U(VI) removal compared with the pure Fe3O4 (9.17 mg g–1). The sorption isotherm can be well fitted with Freundlich model and the sorption process is endothermic and spontaneous. The removal of U(VI) can be explained by the complexation of U(VI) with –NH–, –NH2 and C–O in the surface of Fe3O4@PDA by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis.

Retraction of ‘Magnetic polydopamine decorated with Mg–Al LDH nanoflakes as a novel bio-based adsorbent for simultaneous removal of potentially toxic metals and anionic dyes’ by Jie Li et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016, 4, 1737–1746, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TA09132B.

Bacteria may change the physicochemical properties of montmorillonite and further effect the disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Therefore, we explored the influence of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 on the elimination of representative radionuclide U(VI) by montmorillonite (MMT). The batch experiments showed that MR-1 significantly enhanced the removal efficiency of U(VI), the adsorption capacity of MMT improved from 8.4 to 16.1 mg/g after addition of MR-1, and the adsorption type changed from Langmuir to Freundlich. FTIR and XPS analysis revealed that hydroxyl, phosphate, carbonyl and amine in MMT + MR-1 were primary actors in the elimination of U(VI). The U 4f high-resolution XPS spectrum of MMT + MR-1 showed U(VI) and U(IV) peaks at the same time, indicating that the adsorption process was accompanied by the reduction reaction, which may be due to the extracellular respiration of MR-1. These investigations are significant to insight the potential significance of microbial processes for the transport and elimination of U(VI) in repositories, which in return will contribute to their safe disposal.

Radionuclide contamination has become an urgent problem with the development of nuclear power plants. Herein, chemical-decorated core-shell magnetic manganese dioxide (denoted as Fe3O4@C@MnO2) composites were synthesized via transforming KMnO4 to MnO2 on the carbon-covered magnetite (Fe3O4@C) microsphere surface. It was employed to remove U(VI) and Eu(III) ions from aqueous solution under various conditions. The kinetic adsorption data were well simulated by the pseudo-second-order model and adsorption isotherms were fitted well by Langmuir model. Moreover, the maximum uptake capacities were up to 77.71 mg/g for U(VI) and 51.01 mg/g for Eu(III) at pH = 5.0 and T = 298 K. Adsorption behavior was strongly related to pH values but weakly affected by ionic strength, implying that the interaction of U(VI)/Eu(III) with Fe3O4@C@MnO2 was mainly dominated by inner-sphere surface complexation. XPS analysis illustrated that the interaction of Eu(III)/U(VI) with Fe3O4@C@MnO2 was associated with the strong metal bonds (Mn O), hydroxyl bonded on metal (Mn-OH) and carboxyl groups (-COOH) by surface complexation and zeta potential results implied that the adsorption process was governed by electrostatic attraction. This research highlighted the outstanding performance of Fe3O4@C@MnO2 in eliminating Eu(III)/U(VI) ions from aqueous solutions, which was of great significance in the future application in radionuclides' pollution treatment.

With rapid development of nuclear industry, the overexploitation of uranium has brought a series of radioactive pollution problems to water, soil, atmosphere and ecosystem. Uranium and its compounds are highly carcinogenic and biologically toxic, posing a deadly threat to human health. Therefore, how to design a highly selective and sensitive sensor to detect uranyl ions in the environment and organisms has become an urgent task. This review summarizes relevant literature on the detection of uranyl ions by different sensors over the years. The detection methods can be roughly divided into three categories: optical sensors, electrochemical sensors and other sensors; further classification has also been carried out according to their detection mechanism. The detection limits and performances of different sensors are discussed to intuitively understand different capability for these methods in detecting uranyl ions. We also discuss the trend and future direction of uranium to provide a valuable reference for further developing better uranyl sensors.

Graphene with atomic layer of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms in a hexagonal structure has attracted multidisciplinary attention since its discovery. Due to the inherent advantages of large specific surface area and abundant functional groups, its derivative graphene oxide (GO) nanomaterials have achieved large-scale development in effective pollution treatment. In the past few years, novel GO-based nanomaterials through coupling with other nanomaterials have been synthesized with significant process and applied for efficient elimination of different kinds of pollutants. This paper aims to summarize recent research results on the excellent removal ability of GO-based nanomaterials for various heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions. The synthesis, adsorption process characteristics and interaction mechanism of the adsorbent are emphasized and discussed. The effects of various environmental conditions are outlined. At last, a brief summary, perspective and outlook are presented. This review is intended to provide some thrilling information for the design and manufacture of GO-based nanomaterials for the elimination of heavy metal ions from wastewater in environmental pollution management.

Efficient containment and capture of uranium (U(VI)) from aqueous solution is an essential component to ensure socially and environmentally sustainable development. Herein, the three-dimensional graphene/titanium dioxide composite (3D GA/TiO2) was synthesized and applied as an effective adsorbent to remove U(VI) from wastewater as a function of contact time, temperature, pH and ion strength. The 3D GA/TiO2 material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The batch experiments results indicated that the adsorption of U(VI) on materials were fitted with the pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir models. More specifically, 3D GA/TiO2 (441.3 mg/g) was observed to outperform the GO (280.0 mg/g), rGO (140.9 mg/g) and TiO2 (98.5 mg/g) at pH 5.0, which was attributable to the excellent cooperative effects. Furthermore, XPS analyses and DFT calculations confirmed the formation of surface complexes between oxygen-containing group and U(VI) with the U–O bonds length of 2.348 A (U–O1) and 2.638 A (U–O2). Meanwhile, the adsorption energy was calculated to be 1.60 eV, which showed a very strong chemisorption during the interaction process. It is believed that the 3D GA/TiO2 revealed good removal performance for uranyl ions, which showed a great potential application to control the nuclear industrial pollution.

Composites of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and graphene (G) are exciting nanomaterials because of their unique surface structures and excellent physicochemical properties. Such materials offer the advantages of both components, that is, the large surface area and ample functional groups of graphene and the outstanding layered structure and ion-exchangeability of layered double hydroxides, whilst effectively avoiding the coagulation of graphene and the instability of pristine layered double hydroxides, and they have been widely investigated for applications in water remediation. This Minireview begins by summarizing the most common methods for the synthesis of G@LDH composites, including hydrothermal treatment, coprecipitation, and in situ growth. Then, we review the adsorption and catalytic ability of G@LDH materials in the removal of contaminants from water, such as heavy metal ions, radionuclides, dyes, and other organic pollutants. Finally, we discuss the challenges and offer a perspective on the directions of future research of G@LDH composites.

With the development of nuclear energy, large amounts of radionuclides are inevitably released into the natural environment. It is necessary to eliminate radionuclides from wastewater for the protection of environment. Nanomaterials have been considered as the potential candidates for the effective and selective removal of radionuclides from aqueous solutions under complicated conditions because of their high specific surface area, large amounts of binding sites, abundant functional groups, pore-size controllable and easily surface modification. This review mainly summarized the recent studies for the synthesis, fabrication and surface modification of novel nanomaterials and their applications in the efficient elimination and solidification of radionuclides, and discussed the interaction mechanisms from batch experiments, spectroscopy analysis and theoretical calculations. The sorption capacities with other materials, advantages and disadvantages of different nanomaterials are compared, and at last the perspective of the novel nanomaterials is summarized.