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This study utilized census data from Henan Province for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020 to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of population aging, defined by the proportion of the population aged 65 and above. Employing spatial analysis techniques such as spatial autocorrelation and the standard deviation ellipse, the research mapped out the progression and distribution of aging demographics. Furthermore, the study delved into the influencing factors of aging using an optimal parameters-based geographical detector. Results indicate a deepening degree of population aging in Henan Province, transitioning from an adult type to an old type structure. There is a marked positive spatial correlation among counties, with high-value aging areas initially decreasing, then increasing, and notably spreading from the central to the central and southern regions of the province. The center of gravity for population aging, specifically around Changge City and Xuchang City, exhibits a trajectory moving southeast before shifting northwest. Factor detection reveals that in 2000, 2010, and 2020, the elderly dependency ratio predominantly influences the aging trend, with explanatory powers of 88.4%, 87.9%, and 90.9%, respectively. Interaction analysis indicates that the interaction between the old-child ratio and the elderly dependency ratio has a strong explanatory power for the aging patterns in Henan Province, reaching 97.3%, 97.0%, and 97.4%, respectively.

Objective: To investigate the role of miR-129-5p in regulating HMGB1 expression in pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis. Methods: The untreated pancreatic cancer SW1990 cells were used as the control group. Mimics-NC (empty vector), miR-129-5p mimics, inhibitor-NC (empty vector)and miR-129-5p inhibitor were transfected into SW1990 cells by liposome transfection method as the mimics-NC group, miR-129-5p overexpression group (miR-129-5p mimics group), inhibitor-NC group and miR-129-5p low expression group (miR-129-5p inhibitor group). The binding site of miR-129-5p and HMGB1 was predicted by online target gene prediction website Target genes, and the targeting relationship between miR-129-5p and HMGB1 was verified by dual luciferase gene report experiment. The expression of miR-129-5p in each group was detected by qRT-PCR, and the expression of HMGB1 protein and apoptosis-related proteins Caspase 3 and Bcl-2 by Western blot. Hoechst staining was used to observe the changes of apoptosis. Results: Compared with the mimics-NC group and control group, miR-129-5p mimics transfection significantly up-regulated miR-129-5p level (P<0.01), inhibited HMGB1(P<0.01)and Bcl-2(P<0.05)protein expression, pro-moted Caspase 3 protein expression (P<0.05), and promoted apoptosis; compared with the inhibitor-NC group and control group, miR-129-5p inhibitor transfection significantly down-regulated miR-129-5p level (P<0.05), promoted HMGB1 and Bcl-2 protein expression (all P<0.05), inhibited Caspase 3protein expression (P<0.01), and inhibited apoptosis. The results of dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-129-5p could inhibit the fluorescence activity of wildtype HMGB1 cells and target the expression of HMGB1. Conclusion: miR-129-5p promotes the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer SW1990 cells by targeting inhibition of HMGB1 expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High‐Ni layered oxide cathodes hold a great promise for fabricating high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries. However, the oxygen evolution during cycling is a crucial factor in the structure deterioration, potential change, and capacity decay of cathodes, limiting the commercial application of high‐Ni (Ni > 0.9) layered oxides in batteries. Herein, we demonstrate a feasible approach to enhance the stability of oxygen framework, through the surface oxygen immobilization with yttrium and bulk oxygen stabilization with aluminum in high‐Ni layered oxides. As expected, benefiting from the oxygen‐stabilized framework, the bulk structure deterioration, and interfacial parasitic reaction are mitigated obviously during battery operation, along with the improved thermal stability of cathode. Correspondingly, the as‐prepared high‐Ni oxide delivers high reversible capacity, impressive cycle ability, and low potential polarization upon cycling. Such significant improvement on the electrochemical performance is primarily attributed to the strong oxygen affinities of both yttrium at the surface layer and aluminum in the bulk, which synergistically stabilizes the oxygen framework of high‐Ni oxide via raising the energy barrier for oxygen evolution. Therefore, building the stable oxygen framework is critical for enhancing the energy density output, cycle operation, and thermal stability of high‐Ni oxide cathodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abnormal cell proliferation caused by abnormal transcription regulation mechanism seems to be one of the reasons for the progression of breast cancer and also the pathological basis. MicroRNA-142-5p (miR-142-5p) is a low-expressed miRNA in breast cancer. The role of MKL-1s regulation of DNMT1 in breast cancer cell proliferation and migration is still unclear. MKL-1 (myocardin related transcription factor A) can bind to the conserved cis -regulatory element CC (A/T) 6GG (called CarG box) in the promoter to regulate the transcription of miR-142-5p. The expressions of miR-142-5p and MKL-1 are positively correlated. In addition, it has been proved that DNMT1 is the target of miR-142-5p, which inhibits the expression of DNMT1 by targeting the 3-UTR of DNMT1, thereby forming a feedback loop and inhibiting the migration and proliferation of breast cancer. Our data provide important and novel insights into the MKL-1/miR-142-5p/DNMT1/maspin signaling pathway and may become a new idea for breast cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which discusses the construction of a recombinant Marek's disease virus expressing HA gene of highly pathogenic H5 AIV.

In this paper, a new high-κ dielectric CoTiO³ has been investigated for the first lime on hemispherical grained (HSG) poly-Si dynamic random access memories capacitors. Three types of HSG were prepared. We found that capacitors with maximum grain size and the highest density exhibit twice the capacitance of the others. The dielectric constant for CoTiO³ was estimated to be larger than 50. Leakage current measurements performed at temperatures as high as 100 °C show that this dielectric is stable. The polarity dependence is found to be due to the different barrier heights with the nitride barrier. A leakage mechanism is proposed for this polarity dependence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though catalytic asymmetric bifunctionalization of allenes has been extensively studied, almost all of the reported examples have been achieved in a two-component manner. In this study, we report a highly efficient asymmetric bifunctionalization of allenes with iodohydrocarbons and NH 2 -unprotected amino acid esters. The adopted chiral aldehyde/palladium combined catalytic system precisely governs the chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity of this three-component reaction. A wide range of substituted aryl iodides, allenes and amino acid esters can well participate in this reaction and deliver structurally diverse α,α-disubstituted α-amino acid esters with excellent experimental outcomes. One of the resulting products is utilized for the total synthesis of the molecule ( S , R )-VPC01091., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Samples of sewage, well water, and underground river water of the urbanized Laolongdong karst underground river basin in Chongqing, China were collected during July 2019 and October 2020 and measured to determine the nitrate origin and biogeochemical processes based on geochemistry and dual nitrate isotope ( δ 15 N-NO 3 - and δ 18 O-NO 3 - ) data. The results showed that:① the isotopic nitrate compositions of sewage ranged from -3.3‰ to 14.6‰ for δ 15 N-NO 3 - and from -5.2‰ to 20.6‰ for δ 18 O-NO 3 - , which indicated that nitrate originated from manure and sewage, fertilizer, and soil organic nitrogen. The δ 15 N-NO 3 - and δ 18 O-NO 3 - of well water varied from 3.1‰ to 12.6‰ and 2.9‰ to 8.9‰, respectively, suggesting nitrate was mainly from soil organic nitrogen and manure and sewage. For the underground river water, the δ 15 N-NO 3 - and δ 18 O-NO 3 - ranged from 5.6‰ to 28.6‰ and from -2.0‰ to 15.7‰, respectively, suggesting that municipal sewage and manure were the dominate nitrate sources. ② Based on the MixSIAR model, manure and sewage were the primary nitrate source of the underground river water, accounting for 89.1% of the total contribution, whereas the contributions of soil organic nitrogen, fertilizer, and atmospheric precipitation were 4.4%, 3.4%, and 3.1%, respectively. ③ In the basin, the concentration ratios of COD: ρ (NO 3 - ) from low to high were as follows:well water (0.14-5.15), underground river water (0.50-9.36), and sewage (4.08-89.50). Only 50% of well water samples with COD: ρ (NO 3 - ) were slightly higher than 0.65, which is the minimum stoichiometric ratio for denitrification occurrence. This indicated that there were insufficient COD concentrations to support that denitrification occurred in the well water. This was further verified by no significant enrichment of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes. As much as 90% of underground river water samples had a COD: ρ (NO 3 - ) higher than 0.65, and the dual nitrate isotopes were simultaneously enriched with a δ 15 N: δ 18 O of 1.8, which is within the ratios ranging from 1.3 to 2.1, indicating that denitrification occurred. The COD: ρ (NO 3 - ) for all wastewater samples was much higher than 0.65, of which 25% were higher than the stoichiometric ratio (29.34) for the occurrence of dissimilation reduction nitrate to ammonium (DNRA). The δ 15 N-NO 3 - and ρ (NH 4 + ): ρ (NO 3 - ) of sewage increased simultaneously, indicating that DNRA may have occurred in the sewage.

Abnormal cell proliferation caused by abnormal transcription regulation mechanism seems to be one of the reasons for the progression of breast cancer and also the pathological basis. MicroRNA-142-5p (miR-142-5p) is a low-expressed miRNA in breast cancer. The role of MKL-1s regulation of DNMT1 in breast cancer cell proliferation and migration is still unclear. MKL-1 (myocardin related transcription factor A) can bind to the conserved cis -regulatory element CC (A/T) 6GG (called CarG box) in the promoter to regulate the transcription of miR-142-5p. The expressions of miR-142-5p and MKL-1 are positively correlated. In addition, it has been proved that DNMT1 is the target of miR-142-5p, which inhibits the expression of DNMT1 by targeting the 3-UTR of DNMT1, thereby forming a feedback loop and inhibiting the migration and proliferation of breast cancer. Our data provide important and novel insights into the MKL-1/miR-142-5p/DNMT1/maspin signaling pathway and may become a new idea for breast cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.