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5 results on '"Wadsworth Ctr"'

1. Ecology and larval population dynamics of the primary malaria vector Nyssorhynchus darlingi in a high transmission setting dominated by fish farming in western Amazonian Brazil

Author

Samir Moura Kadri, Catharine Prussing, Jan E. Conn, Paulo Rufalco-Moutinho, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, Marta Moreno, Joseph M. Vinetz, Maria Anice Mureb Sallum, Diego Peres Alonso, Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla, Dionicia Gamboa, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, SUNY Albany, Wadsworth Ctr, Yale Sch Med, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), and Universidade de Brasília (UnB)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Life Cycles, Plasmodium, Population Dynamics, Aquaculture, Disease Vectors, Population density, Mosquitoes, Geographical locations, 0302 clinical medicine, Larvae, Medical Conditions, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, Abundance (ecology), Dry season, Medicine and Health Sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Statistics, Eukaryota, Agriculture, Insects, Infectious Diseases, Larva, Vertebrates, Physical Sciences, Medicine, Seasons, Fish Farming, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.06 [https], Brazil, Research Article, Wet season, Arthropoda, Fish farming, Science, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Fisheries, Mosquito Vectors, Biology, Research and Analysis Methods, Amphibians, 03 medical and health sciences, Anopheles, Parasite Groups, parasitic diseases, medicine, Parasitic Diseases, Animals, Statistical Methods, education, Ponds, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, South America, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, Invertebrates, Malaria, Insect Vectors, Species Interactions, 030104 developmental biology, Fish, Multivariate analysis, Vector (epidemiology), Multivariate Analysis, Parasitology, People and places, Zoology, Apicomplexa, Entomology, Mathematics, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T15:01:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-04-08 US National Institutes of Health ICEMR Tropical Disease Research-WHO Contract Vale do Rio Jurua in western Acre, Brazil, is a persistent malaria transmission hotspot partly due to fish farming development that was encouraged to improve local standards of living. Fish ponds can be productive breeding sites for Amazonian malaria vector species, including Nyssorhynchus darlingi, which, combined with high human density and mobility, add to the local malaria burden.This study reports entomological profile of immature and adult Ny. darlingi at three sites in Mancio Lima, Acre, during the rainy and dry season (February to September, 2017). From 63 fishponds, 10,859 larvae were collected, including 5,512 first-instar Anophelinae larvae and 4,927 second, third and fourth-instars, of which 8.5% (n = 420) were Ny. darlingi. This species was most abundant in not-abandoned fishponds and in the presence of emerging aquatic vegetation. Seasonal analysis of immatures in urban landscapes found no significant difference in the numbers of Ny. darlingi, corresponding to equivalent population density during the rainy to dry transition period. However, in the rural landscape, significantly higher numbers of Ny. darlingi larvae were collected in August (IRR = 5.80, p = 0.037) and September (IRR = 6.62, p = 0.023) (dry season), compared to February (rainy season), suggesting important role of fishponds for vector population maintenance during the seasonal transition in this landscape type. Adult sampling detected mainly Ny. darlingi (similar to 93%), with similar outdoor feeding behavior, but different abundance according to landscape profile: urban site 1 showed higher peaks of human biting rate in May (46 bites/person/hour), than February (4) and September (15), while rural site 3 shows similar HBR during the same sampling period (22, 24 and 21, respectively). This study contributes to a better understanding of the larvae biology of the main malaria vector in the Vale do Rio Jurua region and, ultimately will support vector control efforts. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias Botucatu, Dept Bioestat Biol Vegetal Parasitol & Zool, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biotecnol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Biol, London, England Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Fac Ciencias & Filosofia, Lab ICEMR Amazonia, Labs Invest & Desarrollo, Lima, Peru SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biomed Sci, Albany, NY USA Wadsworth Ctr, New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Fac Ciencias & Filosofia, Dept Ciencias Celulares & Mol, Lima, Peru Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Med Trop Alexander Humboldt, Lima, Peru Yale Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Sect Infect Dis, New Haven, CT USA Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publ, Dept Epidemiol, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Brasilia, Nucleo Med Trop, Brasilia, DF, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias Botucatu, Dept Bioestat Biol Vegetal Parasitol & Zool, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biotecnol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil US National Institutes of Health ICEMR: U19 AI089681 Tropical Disease Research-WHO Contract: 201460655

Published
2021

2. Decoding covert spatial attention using electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals in humans.

Author

Gunduz A, Brunner P, Daitch A, Leuthardt EC, Ritaccio AL, Pesaran B, and Schalk G

Subjects
Adult, Electrodes, Implanted, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Male, Middle Aged, Photic Stimulation, Attention physiology, Brain physiology, Brain Mapping
Abstract

This study shows that electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals recorded from the surface of the brain provide detailed information about shifting of visual attention and its directional orientation in humans. ECoG allows for the identification of the cortical areas and time periods that hold the most information about covert attentional shifts. Our results suggest a transient distributed fronto-parietal mechanism for orienting of attention that is represented by different physiological processes. This neural mechanism encodes not only whether or not a subject shifts their attention to a location, but also the locus of attention. This work contributes to our understanding of the electrophysiological representation of attention in humans. It may also eventually lead to brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) that optimize user interaction with their surroundings or that allow people to communicate choices simply by shifting attention to them., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2012
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3. Two-dimensional movement control using electrocorticographic signals in humans.

Author

Schalk G, Miller KJ, Anderson NR, Wilson JA, Smyth MD, Ojemann JG, Moran DW, Wolpaw JR, and Leuthardt EC

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Brain Mapping, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Drug Resistance, Electrocardiography, Electrodes, Implanted, Epilepsy physiopathology, Epilepsy surgery, Female, Humans, Male, Electroencephalography instrumentation, Movement physiology, User-Computer Interface
Abstract

We show here that a brain-computer interface (BCI) using electrocorticographic activity (ECoG) and imagined or overt motor tasks enables humans to control a computer cursor in two dimensions. Over a brief training period of 12-36 min, each of five human subjects acquired substantial control of particular ECoG features recorded from several locations over the same hemisphere, and achieved average success rates of 53-73% in a two-dimensional four-target center-out task in which chance accuracy was 25%. Our results support the expectation that ECoG-based BCIs can combine high performance with technical and clinical practicality, and also indicate promising directions for further research.

Published
2008
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4. Decoding two-dimensional movement trajectories using electrocorticographic signals in humans.

Author

Schalk G, Kubánek J, Miller KJ, Anderson NR, Leuthardt EC, Ojemann JG, Limbrick D, Moran D, Gerhardt LA, and Wolpaw JR

Subjects
Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Algorithms, Arm physiology, Brain Mapping methods, Cerebral Cortex physiology, Electroencephalography methods, Evoked Potentials, Motor physiology, Movement physiology
Abstract

Signals from the brain could provide a non-muscular communication and control system, a brain-computer interface (BCI), for people who are severely paralyzed. A common BCI research strategy begins by decoding kinematic parameters from brain signals recorded during actual arm movement. It has been assumed that these parameters can be derived accurately only from signals recorded by intracortical microelectrodes, but the long-term stability of such electrodes is uncertain. The present study disproves this widespread assumption by showing in humans that kinematic parameters can also be decoded from signals recorded by subdural electrodes on the cortical surface (ECoG) with an accuracy comparable to that achieved in monkey studies using intracortical microelectrodes. A new ECoG feature labeled the local motor potential (LMP) provided the most information about movement. Furthermore, features displayed cosine tuning that has previously been described only for signals recorded within the brain. These results suggest that ECoG could be a more stable and less invasive alternative to intracortical electrodes for BCI systems, and could also prove useful in studies of motor function.

Published
2007
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