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In this paper, we study supplement submodules with respect to a torsion class of any torsion theory, generalizing the concepts of sa-supplement, extended S-supplement, Rad-supplement submodules, etc. We give some homological properties of this class of modules, which forms a proper class, and use them to characterize some rings in terms of those certain modules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a survey of some of the consequences of the recently introduced congruences on the theory of connectednesses (radical classes) and disconnectednesses (semisimple classes) of graphs and topological spaces. In particular, it is shown that the connectednesses and disconnectednesses can be obtained as Hoehnke radicals and a connectedness has a characterization in terms of congruences resembling the classical characterization of its algebraic counterpart using ideals for a radical class. But this approach has also shown that there are some unexpected differences and surprises: an ideal-hereditary Hoehnke radical of topological spaces or graphs need not be a Kurosh-Amitsur radical and in the category of graphs with no loops, non-trivial connectednesses and disconnectednesses exist, but all Hoehnke radicals degenerate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this manuscript, we define when a torsion theory, which is a generalization of Goldie's torsion theory, is of the type I, II, or III, according to Kaplansky's theory of types, and we establish some structure theorems of regular, right self-injective rings using the torsion theories of Kaplansky-type. We study the properties that each of these torsion theories has and their influence on the lattice [ τ g , χ ] of generalizations of Goldie's torsion theory, locating several subintervals of [ τ g , χ ] which contain no atoms nor coatoms, thus extending our knowledge of the lattice structure of [ τ g , χ ] . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is devoted to morphisms killing weights in a range (as defined by the first author) and to objects without these weights (as essentially defined by J. Wildeshaus) in a triangulated category endowed with a weight structure . We describe several new criteria for morphisms and objects to be of these types. In some of them we use virtual -truncations and a -structure adjacent to . In the case where the latter exists, we prove that a morphism kills weights if and only if it factors through an object without these weights; we also construct new families of torsion theories and projective and injective classes. As a consequence, we obtain some "weakly functorial decompositions" of spectra (in the stable homotopy category ) and a new description of those morphisms that act trivially on the singular cohomology with coefficients in an arbitrary abelian group . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intervals and hearts of intervals in the lattice of torsion parts for an abelian category are closely related to various concepts such as wide subcategory, ICE-closed subcategory, and tilting theory. On the other hand, in order to characterize the Melkersson condition suitable for local cohomology theory, we introduced the concept of torsion theory connected by a Serre subcategory in the category of modules. The paper shows that these seemingly unrelated concepts occur simultaneously in the larger context called the torsion theory connected by a heart. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a commutative, unital and integral quantale V, we generalize to V-groups the results developed by Gran and Michel for preordered groups. We first of all show that, in the category V- Grp of V-groups, there exists a torsion theory whose torsion and torsion-free subcategories are given by those of indiscrete and separated V-groups, respectively. It turns out that this torsion theory induces a monotone-light factorization system that we characterize, and it is then possible to describe the coverings in V- Grp . We next classify these coverings as internal actions of a Galois groupoid. Finally, we observe that the subcategory of separated V-groups is also a torsion-free subcategory for a pretorsion theory whose torsion subcategory is the one of symmetric V-groups. As recently proved by Clementino and Montoli, this latter category is actually not only coreflective, as it is the case for any torsion subcategory, but also reflective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A generalized torsion theory associated with a Serre subcategory was introduced to characterize the Melkersson condition. However, little is known about when generalized torsion theories can be realized using specialization closed subsets of the spectrum of a ring. In this article, we investigate the characterization of generalized torsion theories realized by such a subset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let A be a complete and cocomplete abelian category with the additional assumption that any direct sum and product of short exact sequences are exact. We explore the relation between balanced pairs and TTF triples in A. The main results are: (1) every balanced pair in A induces a TTF triple; (2) if A has projective covers and injective envelopes, then every TTF triple in A gives rise to a balanced pair, and hence there is a bijection between the equivalence classes of balanced pairs and TTF triples in A ; (3) a balanced pair in A is quasi admissible if and only if its induced TTF triple is centrally splitting. Our first application of these results provide abundant rings over which every balanced pair is quasi admissible, including local rings, commutative semiperfect rings, and commutative Noetherian rings. Another application is the classification of equivalence classes of cohereditary balanced pairs over arbitrary rings. We also present counterexamples to [15, Open questions 3 and 5]. Finally, we prove that the answers to [15, Open questions 2 and 4] are positive for coherent rings with weak global dimension at most one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is dedicated to the study of smashing weight structures (these are the weight structures "coherent with coproducts"), and the application of their properties to t-structures. In particular, we prove that the hearts of compactly generated t-structures are Grothendieck abelian categories; this statement strengthens earlier results of several other authors. The central theorem of the paper is as follows: any perfect (as defined by Neeman) set of objects of a triangulated category generates a weight structure; we say that weight structures obtained this way are perfectly generated. An important family of perfectly generated weight structures are (the opposites to) the ones right adjacent to compactly generated t-structures; they give injective cogenerators for the hearts of the latter. Moreover, we establish the following not so explicit result: any smashing weight structure on a well generated triangulated category (this is a generalization of the notion of a compactly generated category that was also defined by Neeman) is perfectly generated; actually, we prove more than that. Furthermore, we give a classification of compactly generated torsion theories (these generalize both weight structures and t-structures) that extends the corresponding result of D. Pospisil and J. Šťovíček to arbitrary smashing triangulated categories. This gives a generalization of a t-structure statement due to B. Keller and P. Nicolas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Tilting theory plays an important role in the representation theory of coalgebras. This paper seeks how to apply the theory of localization and colocalization to tilting torsion theory in the category of comodules. In order to better understand the process, we give the (co)localization for morphisms, (pre)covers and special precovers. For that reason, we investigate the (co)localization in tilting torsion theory for coalgebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Torsion theories are here extended to categories equipped with an ideal of 'null morphisms', or equivalently a full subcategory of 'null objects'. Instances of this extension include closure operators viewed as generalised torsion theories in a 'category of pairs', and factorization systems viewed as torsion theories in a category of morphisms. The first point has essentially been treated in [15].

The shear modulus of pulp fibers is difficult to measure and only very little literature is available on this topic. In this work we are introducing a method to measure this fiber property utilizing a custom built instrument. From the geometry of the fiber cross section, the fiber twisting angle and the applied torque, the shear modulus is derived by de Saint Venant's theory of torsion. The deformation of the fiber is applied by a moving coil mechanism. The support of the rotating part consists of taut bands, making it nearly frictionless, which allows easy control of the torque to twist the fiber. A permanent magnet moving coil meter was fitted with a sample holder for fibers and torque references. Measurements on fine metal bands were performed to validate the instrument. The irregular shape of the fibers was reconstructed from several microtome cuts and an apparent torsion constant was computed by applying de Saint Venant's torsion theory. Fibers from two types of industrial pulp were measured: thermomechanical pulp (TMP) and Kraft pulp. The average shear modulus was determined as (2.13 ± 0.36) GPa for TMP and (2.51 ± 0.50) GPa for Kraft fibers, respectively. The TMP fibers showed a smaller shear modulus but, due to their less collapsed state, a higher torsional rigidity than the kraft fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work we introduce a new concept, namely, purely τ s-extending modules (rings) which is torsion-theoretic analogues of extending modules and then we extend many results from extending modules to this new concept. For instance, we show that for any ring R with unit, RR is purely τ s-extending if and only if every cyclic τ-nonsingular R-module is flat. Also, we make a classification for the direct sums of the rings to be purely τ s-extending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore a non-abelian torsion theory in the category of preordered groups: the objects of its torsion-free subcategory are the partially ordered groups, whereas the objects of the torsion subcategory are groups (with the total order). The reflector from the category of preordered groups to this torsion-free subcategory has stable units, and we prove that it induces a monotone-light factorization system. We describe the coverings relative to the Galois structure naturally associated with this reflector, and explain how these coverings can be classified as internal actions of a Galois groupoid. Finally, we prove that in the category of preordered groups there is also a pretorsion theory, whose torsion subcategory can be identified with a category of internal groups. This latter is precisely the subcategory of protomodular objects in the category of preordered groups, as recently discovered by Clementino, Martins-Ferreira, and Montoli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We give a list of statements on the geometry of elliptic threefolds phrased only in the language of topology and homological algebra. Using only notions from topology and homological algebra, we recover existing results and prove new results on torsion pairs in the category of coherent sheaves on an elliptic threefold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using congruences, a Hoehnke radical can be defined for graphs in the same way as for universal algebras. This leads in a natural way to the connectednesses and disconnectednesses (= radical and semisimple classes) of graphs. It thus makes sense to talk about ideal-hereditary Hoehnke radicals for graphs (= hereditary torsion theories). All such radicals for the category of undirected graphs which allow loops are explicitly determined. Moreover, in contrast to what is the case for the well-known algebraic categories, it is shown here that such radicals for graphs need not be Kurosh–Amitsur radicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that in the category of preordered sets there is a natural notion of pretorsion theory, in which the partially ordered sets are the torsion-free objects and the sets endowed with an equivalence relation are the torsion objects. Correspondingly, it is possible to construct a stable category factoring out the objects that are both torsion and torsion-free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider a generalization of the notion of torsion theory, which is associated with a Serre subcategory over a commutative Noetherian ring. In 2008 Aghapournahr and Melkersson investigated the question of when local cohomology modules belong to a Serre subcategory of the module category. In their study, the notion of Melkersson condition was defined as a suitable condition in local cohomology theory. One of our purposes in this paper is to show how naturally the concept of Melkersson condition appears in the context of torsion theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All groups considered are Abelian. As is well known, in a divisible group every subgroup is essential in a direct summand. Moreover, the fully invariant subgroups play a crucial role in the structure of an Abelian group. Thus it is natural to consider the class of groups in which every fully invariant subgroup is essential in a direct summand. In this paper, we provide a construction for imbedding a torsion group into a FI-extending group in some "minimal" way. This imbedding preserves p-height. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is the first one in a series of three dealing with the concept of injective stabilization of the tensor product and its applications. Its primary goal is to collect known facts and establish a basic operational calculus that will be used in the subsequent parts. This is done in greater generality than is necessary for the stated goal. Several results of independent interest are also established. They include, among other things, connections with satellites, an explicit construction of the stabilization of a finitely presented functor, various exactness properties of the injectively stable functors, a construction, from a functor and a short exact sequence, of a doubly-infinite exact sequence by splicing the injective stabilization of the functor and its derived functors. When specialized to the tensor product with a finitely presented module, the injective stabilization with coefficients in the ring is isomorphic to the 1-torsion functor. The Auslander-Reiten formula is extended to a more general formula, which holds for arbitrary (i.e., not necessarily finite) modules over arbitrary associative rings with identity. Weakening of the assumptions in the theorems of Eilenberg and Watts leads to characterizations of the requisite zeroth derived functors. The subsequent papers, provide applications of the developed techniques. Part II deals with new notions of torsion module and cotorsion module of a module. This is done for arbitrary modules over arbitrary rings. Part III introduces a new concept, called the asymptotic stabilization of the tensor product. The result is closely related to different variants of stable homology (these are generalizations of Tate homology to arbitrary rings). A comparison transformation from Vogel homology to the asymptotic stabilization of the tensor product is constructed and shown to be epic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We give a classification of torsion classes (or nullity classes) in an abelian category by forming a spectrum of equivalence classes of premonoform objects. This is parallel to Kanda's classification of Serre subcategories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with an order-theoretic analysis of certain structures studied in category theory. A categorical closure operator (cco in short) is a structure on a category, which mimics the structure on the category of topological spaces formed by closing subspaces of topological spaces. Such structures play a significant role not only in categorical topology, but also in topos theory and categorical algebra. In the case when the category is a poset, as a particular instance of the notion of a cco, one obtains what we call in this paper a binary closure operator (bco in short). We show in this paper that bco's allow one to see more easily the connections between standard conditions on general cco's, and furthermore, we show that these connections for cco's can be even deduced from the corresponding ones for bco's, when considering cco's relative to a well-behaved class of monorphisms as in the literature. The main advantage of the approach to such cco's via bco's is that the notion of a bco is self-dual (relative to the usual posetal duality), and by applying this duality to cco's, independent results on cco's are brought together. In particular, we can unify basic facts about hereditary closure operators with similar facts about minimal closure operators. Bco's also reveal some new links between categorical closure operators, the usual unary closure and interior operators, modularity law in order and lattice theory, the theory of factorization systems and torsion theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the classes of modules which are generated by a silting module. In the case of either hereditary or perfect rings, it is proved that these are exactly the torsion T such that the regular module has a special T -preenvelope. In particular, every torsion-enveloping class in Mod-R are of the form Gen(T) for a minimal silting module T. For the dual case, we obtain for general rings that the covering torsion-free classes of modules are exactly the classes of the form Cogen(T), where T is a cosilting module. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Galois connection between functorial topologies on abelian groups and subclasses of abelian groups is constructed by means of the notion of indiscrete topology. It is shown that the composition of this Galois connection with a previously introduced one coincides with the classical Galois connection induced by the notion of constant morphism. Examples are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]