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Cryptic genetic variation is increasingly being identified in numerous coral species, with prior research indicating that different cryptic genetic lineages can exhibit varied responses to environmental changes. This suggests a potential link between cryptic coral lineages and local environmental conditions. In this study, we investigate how communities of cryptic coral lineages vary along environmental gradients. We began by identifying cryptic genetic lineages within six coral species sampled around St. Croix, USVI based on 2b-RAD sequencing data. We then analyzed associations between the distributions of cryptic lineages across the six coral species (i.e., "cryptic coral community composition") and ecoregions, or geographically distinct environmental conditions. Our findings show that depth is a more significant predictor of community composition than ecoregions and is the most influential factor among the 40 abiotic variables that characterize ecoregions. These results imply that cryptic coral communities are influenced by both depth and local environmental conditions, although the exact environmental factors driving these patterns remain unknown. Understanding community turnover across a seascape is important to consider when outplanting corals to restore a reef, as locally-adapted lineages may have differential fitness in different environmental conditions.

Cryptic genetic variation is increasingly being identified in numerous coral species, with prior research indicating that different cryptic genetic lineages can exhibit varied responses to environmental changes. This suggests a potential link between cryptic coral lineages and local environmental conditions. In this study, we investigate how communities of cryptic coral lineages vary along environmental gradients. We began by identifying cryptic genetic lineages within six coral species sampled around St. Croix, USVI based on 2b-RAD sequencing data. We then analyzed associations between the distributions of cryptic lineages across the six coral species (i.e., "cryptic coral community composition") and ecoregions, or geographically distinct environmental conditions. Our findings show that depth is a more significant predictor of community composition than ecoregions and is the most influential factor among the 40 abiotic variables that characterize ecoregions. These results imply that cryptic coral communities are influenced by both depth and local environmental conditions, although the exact environmental factors driving these patterns remain unknown. Understanding community turnover across a seascape is important to consider when outplanting corals to restore a reef, as locally-adapted lineages may have differential fitness in different environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Middle aged women in majority undergoing menopausal symptoms are unaware of the physiological changes happening in their body, necessary lifestyle changes and alternate therapies to overcome the symptoms. All major electronic sources of relevant information were systematically searched and collected data were pooled under specific subheadings. From the reviewed papers, the awareness on symptoms and related complications of menopause in the middle aged women were consolidated. Studies helped to identify alternative therapies replacing or in parallel with the Hormone Replacement Therapy to overcome the menopausal symptoms. Reduced oestrogen and progesterone level causes physiological, psychological, and genitourinary symptoms. Prolonged consequences cause libido, osteoporosis, and cardio vascular diseases. Hypo-estrogenic status is well managed with alternative therapies including dietary intervention, acupuncture, aromatherapy, exercise, and yoga. Dietary interventions involving foods like Fennel, Soy, Black Cohash, St. John Wort, Red Clover and Date Pollen were found to be managing vasomotor symptoms and sexual dysfunction. Non-Hormonal and Non-Pharmacological impact behind acupuncture treatment was well accepted. Various studies proved inhaling and massaging with Lavender, Neroli oil, Fennel, Rose, and Geranium essential oils balance cortisol hormone and reduce stress and anxiety. Impact of yoga therapy on neurohormonal pathways reduce both psychological and physiological symptoms. Reviews summarizes various symptoms and complications during menopausal transition and alternate ways of better management with dietary intervention, yoga, exercise, aromatherapy, and acupuncture to improve the quality of menopausal women's life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of our study was to determine the incidence of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) following intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections within our trust. This was a retrospective study of all patients who underwent intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections at our trust from August 2005 to 2015. Information was taken from our botulinum database, clinic letters and microbiology results. The primary outcome criterion was a positive urine culture together with symptoms suggestive of infection within 6 months post-procedure. A total of 290 intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA procedures were performed on 86 patients. The rate of UTI within 6 months following a procedure was 33%. There was a high resistance rate to our standard antibiotic prophylaxis, which was changed together with the addition of pre-procedure urine cultures and an on the day urine dipstick test. A re-audit was performed between January and June 2016 of 41 procedures and showed a reduction in UTI incidence to 20%. The rate of UTI post procedure within our trust was 33%. Following the implementation of multiple management protocol changes, a re-audit showed a reduction of UTI incidence to 20%.

Abortions in dairy animals can be caused by several infectious agents. Identification of the actual causal agent(s) is important for formulating suitable control strategies. A 3-year (2016-2018) longitudinal study was conducted in a dairy farm following an abortion storm in the mid- to late gestations. The investigation focused on the seven major infectious abortifacient in cattle, viz. bovine alphaherpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), Neospora caninum, Brucella abortus, Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira Hardjo, and Listeria monocytogenes. High seroprevalence was observed for BVDV (79.4%), Leptospira (70.5%), BoHV-1 (53.5%), and Brucella (45.0%) at the beginning of the investigation (August 2016). The incidence proportion increased for BVDV, Leptospira, and Brucella in the following years of the investigation. A strong association of Brucella seropositivity with history of abortion (OR = 3.27) was recorded. Incidence of BoHV-1 reduced during the period of study coincident with systematic IBR inactivated marker vaccination of the herd. Sixty-four abortion cases were investigated for the identification of causative agent(s) by microbial culture, serological (ELISA), and molecular detection (PCR/ real-time PCR). Antibodies to BVDV, Brucella, BoHV-1, Leptospira, Neospora, and Coxiella were detected in 63, 61, 56, 35, 5, and 6 aborting cattle, respectively. Real-time PCR/PCR of clinical specimens detected DNA of Brucella, BoHV-1, Coxiella, Leptospira, and Listeria in 34, 13, 12, 9, and 4 abortion cases, respectively. BVDV and Neospora were not detected in any specimen samples. Brucella abortus isolated from the farm was determined as ST1 by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). DNA of multiple agents were detected in 21 of the 64 cases (43.75%). Overall, the data suggests, Brucella was the major causative agent, although multiple causative agents circulated in the farm.