1. Genetic identification of cell types underlying brain complex traits yields insights into the etiology of Parkinson’s disease
- Author
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Bryois, Julien, Skene, Nathan G, Hansen, Thomas Folkmann, Kogelman, Lisette JA, Watson, Hunna J, Liu, Zijing, Brueggeman, Leo, Breen, Gerome, Bulik, Cynthia M, Arenas, Ernest, Hjerling-Leffler, Jens, and Sullivan, Patrick F
- Subjects
Human Genome ,Genetics ,Aging ,Parkinson's Disease ,Brain Disorders ,Neurodegenerative ,Neurosciences ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Underpinning research ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,Aetiology ,Neurological ,Animals ,Brain ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Humans ,Mice ,Neurons ,Parkinson Disease ,Transcriptome ,Eating Disorders Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium ,International Headache Genetics Consortium ,23andMe Research Team ,Biological Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have discovered hundreds of loci associated with complex brain disorders, but it remains unclear in which cell types these loci are active. Here we integrate genome-wide association study results with single-cell transcriptomic data from the entire mouse nervous system to systematically identify cell types underlying brain complex traits. We show that psychiatric disorders are predominantly associated with projecting excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Neurological diseases were associated with different cell types, which is consistent with other lines of evidence. Notably, Parkinson's disease was genetically associated not only with cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons (which include dopaminergic neurons) but also with enteric neurons and oligodendrocytes. Using post-mortem brain transcriptomic data, we confirmed alterations in these cells, even at the earliest stages of disease progression. Our study provides an important framework for understanding the cellular basis of complex brain maladies, and reveals an unexpected role of oligodendrocytes in Parkinson's disease.
- Published
- 2020