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223 results on '"Shukla, Shraddhanand"'

4. EXPLAINING EXTREME EVENTS OF 2016 : From A Climate Perspective

Author

Herring, Stephanie C., Christidi, Nikolaos, Hoell, Andrew, Kossin, James P., Schreck, Carl J., Stott, Peter A., Webb, Robert S., Werner, Francisco E., Knutson, Thomas R., Kam, Jonghun, Zeng, Fanrong, Wittenberg, Andrew T., Brainard, Russell E., Oliver, Thomas, McPhaden, Michael J., Cohen, Anne, Venegas, Robert o, Heenan, Adel, Vargas-Ángel, Bernardo, Rotjan, Randi, Mangubhai, Sangeeta, Flint, Elizabeth, Hunter, Susan A., Oliver, Eric C. J., Perkins-Kirkpatrick, Sarah E., Holbrook, Neil J., Bindoff, Nathaniel L., Tett, Simon F. B., Falk, Alexander, Rogers, Megan, Spuler, Fiona, Turner, Calum, Wainwright, Joshua, Dimdore-Miles, Oscar, Knight, Sam, Freychet, Nicolas, Mineter, Michael J., Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Martins, Eduardo S. P. R., Coelho, Caio A. S., Haarsma, Rein, Otto, Friederike E. L., King, Andrew D., van Oldenborgh, Geert Jan, Kew, Sarah, Philip, Sjoukje, Vasconcelos, Francisco C., Cullen, Heidi, Jézéquel, Aglaé, Yiou, Pascal, Radanovics, Sabine, Vautard, Robert, Sippel, Sebastian, El-Madany, Tarek S., Migliavacca, Mirco, Mahecha, Miguel D., Carrara, Arnaud, Flach, Milan, Kaminski, Thomas, Otto, Friederike E. L., Thonicke, Kirsten, Vossbeck, Michael, Reichstein, Markus, Yuan, Xing, Wang, Linying, Wood, Eric F., Funk, Chris, Davenport, Frank, Harrison, Laura, Magadzire, Tamuka, Galu, Gideon, Artan, Guleid A., Shukla, Shraddhanand, Korecha, Diriba, Indeje, Matayo, Pomposi, Catherine, Macharia, Denis, Husak, Gregory, Nsadisa, Faka Dieudonne, Imada, Yukiko, Shiogama, Hideo, Takahashi, Chiharu, Watanabe, Masahiro, Mori, Masato, Kamae, Youichi, Maeda, Shuhei, Sun, Qiaohong, Miao, Chiyuan, Zhou, Chunlüe, Wang, Kaicun, Qi, Dan, Yuan, Xing, Wang, Shanshan, Hu, Zeng-Zhen, Qian, Cheng, Wang, Jun, Dong, Siyan, Yin, Hong, Burke, Claire, Ciavarella, Andrew, Dong, Buwen, Freychet, Nicolas, Lott, Fraser C., Tett, Simon F. B., Sun, Ying, Hu, Ting, Zhang, Xuebin, Wan, Hui, Stott, Peter, Lu, Chunhui, Christidis, Nikolaos, Manomaiphiboon, Kasemsan, Ciavarella, Andrew, Stott, Peter A., Hope, Pandora, Lim, Eun-Pa, Hendon, Harry, Wang, Guomin, Lewis, Sophie C., Mallela, Jennie, Grose, Michael R., Black, Mitchell, Risbey, James S., Uhe, Peter, Hope, Pandora K., Haustein, Karsten, Mitchell, Dann, Stott, Peter A., Christidis, Nikos, Herring, Stephanie C., Hoell, Andrew, Kossin, James P., and Schreck, Carl J.

Published
2018

11. Algorithm and Data Improvements for Version 2.1 of the Climate Hazards Center’s InfraRed Precipitation with Stations Data Set

Author

Funk, Chris, Peterson, Pete, Landsfeld, Martin, Davenport, Frank, Becker, Andreas, Schneider, Udo, Pedreros, Diego, McNally, Amy, Arsenault, Kristi, Harrison, Laura, Shukla, Shraddhanand, Stoffel, Markus, Series Editor, Cramer, Wolfgang, Advisory Editor, Luterbacher, Urs, Advisory Editor, Toth, F., Advisory Editor, Levizzani, Vincenzo, editor, Kidd, Christopher, editor, Kirschbaum, Dalia B., editor, Kummerow, Christian D., editor, Nakamura, Kenji, editor, and Turk, F. Joseph, editor

Published
2020
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12. Better Advance Warnings of Drought : A New NASA Hydrological Forecast System

Author

Arsenault, Kristi R., Shukla, Shraddhanand, Hazra, Abheera, Getirana, Augusto, McNally, Amy, Kumar, Sujay V., Koster, Randal D., Peters-Lidard, Christa D., Zaitchik, Benjamin F., Badr, Hamada, Jung, Hahn Chul, Narapusetty, Bala, Navari, Mahdi, Wang, Shugong, Mocko, David M., Funk, Chris, Harrison, Laura, Husak, Gregory J., Adoum, Alkhalil, Galu, Gideon, Magadzire, Tamuka, Roningen, Jeanne, Shaw, Michael, Eylander, John, Bergaoui, Karim, McDonnell, Rachael A., and Verdin, James P.

Published
2020

13. The NASA Hydrological Forecast System for Food and Water Security Applications

Author

Arsenault, Kristi R., Shukla, Shraddhanand, Hazra, Abheera, Getirana, Augusto, McNally, Amy, Kumar, Sujay V., Koster, Randal D., Peters-Lidard, Christa D., Zaitchik, Benjamin F., Badr, Hamada, Jung, Hahn Chul, Narapusetty, Bala, Navari, Mahdi, Wang, Shugong, Mocko, David M., Funk, Chris, Harrison, Laura, Husak, Gregory J., Adoum, Alkhalil, Galu, Gideon, Magadzire, Tamuka, Roningen, Jeanne, Shaw, Michael, Eylander, John, Bergaoui, Karim, McDonnell, Rachael A., and Verdin, James P.

Published
2020

18. RECOGNIZING THE FAMINE EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS NETWORK : Over 30 Years of Drought Early Warning Science Advances and Partnerships Promoting Global Food Security

Author

Funk, Chris, Shukla, Shraddhanand, Thiaw, Wassila Mamadou, Rowland, James, Hoell, Andrew, McNally, Amy, Husak, Gregory, Novella, Nicholas, Budde, Michael, Peters-Lidard, Christa, Adoum, Aklhalil, Galu, Gideon, Korecha, Diriba, Magadzire, Tamuka, Rodriguez, Mario, Robjhon, Miliaritiana, Bekele, Endalkachew, Arsenault, Kristi, Peterson, Pete, Harrison, Laura, Fuhrman, Steven, Davenport, Frank, Landsfeld, Marty, Pedreros, Diego, Jacob, Jossy P., Reynolds, Curt, Becker-Reshef, Inbal, and Verdin, James

Published
2019

19. chapter 3: QUANTIFYING HUMAN-INDUCED TEMPERATURE IMPACTS ON THE 2018 UNITED STATES FOUR CORNERS HYDROLOGIC AND AGRO-PASTORAL DROUGHT

Author

Williams, Emily, Funk, Chris, Shukla, Shraddhanand, and McEvoy, Daniel

Subjects
Droughts -- Environmental aspects -- United States, Agricultural productivity -- Environmental aspects, Human-environment interactions -- Evaluation, Business, Earth sciences
Abstract

Human-induced (HI) warming increased Four Corners' vapor pressure deficits and reduced the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index by ~l8%-30%. Without HI warming, March snow water equivalent would have been ~20% higher. [...]

Published
2020
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20. Temperature impacts on the water year 2014 drought in California

Author

Shukla, Shraddhanand, Safeeq, Mohammad, AghaKouchak, Amir, Guan, Kaiyu, and Funk, Chris

Subjects
California drought, drought predictability, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

©2015. American Geophysical Union. California is experiencing one of the worst droughts on record. We use a hydrological model and risk assessment framework to understand the influence of temperature on the water year (WY) 2014 drought in California and examine the probability that this drought would have been less severe if temperatures resembled the historical climatology. Our results indicate that temperature played an important role in exacerbating the WY 2014 drought severity. We found that if WY 2014 temperatures resembled the 1916-2012 climatology, there would have been at least an 86% chance that winter snow water equivalent and spring-summer soil moisture and runoff deficits would have been less severe than the observed conditions. We also report that the temperature forecast skill in California for the important seasons of winter and spring is negligible, beyond a lead time of 1month, which we postulate might hinder skillful drought prediction in California.

Published
2015

43. Investigating the Strength and Variability of El Niño–Southern Oscillation Teleconnections to Hydroclimate and Maize Yields in Southern and East Africa.

Author

Cook, Benjamin I., Anderson, Weston, Slinski, Kimberly, Shukla, Shraddhanand, and McNally, Amy

Subjects
EL Nino, TELECONNECTIONS (Climatology), LEAF area index, CORN, LONG-range weather forecasting, LA Nina, MODES of variability (Climatology)
Abstract

The state of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is critical for seasonal climate forecasts, but recent events diverged substantially from expectations in many regions, including sub-Saharan Africa where seasonal forecasts are critical tools for addressing food security. Here, we evaluate 39 years (1982–2020) of data on hydroclimate, leaf area index, and maize yields to investigate the strength of ENSO teleconnections in southern and East Africa. Teleconnections to precipitation, soil moisture, and leaf area index are generally stronger during ENSO phases that cause drought conditions (El Niño in southern Africa and La Niña in East Africa), with seasonality that aligns well with the maize growing seasons. Within maize growing areas, however, ENSO teleconnections to hydroclimate and vegetation are generally weaker compared to the broader geographic regions, especially in East Africa. There is also little evidence that the magnitude of the ENSO event affects the hydroclimate or vegetation response in these maize regions. Maize yields in Kenya, Malawi, South Africa, and Zimbabwe all correlate significantly with hydroclimate and leaf area index, with South Africa and Zimbabwe showing the strongest and most consistent yield responses to ENSO events. Our results highlight the chain of causality from El Niño and La Niña forcing of regional anomalies in hydroclimate to vegetation health and maize yields in southern and East Africa. The large spread across individual ENSO events, however, underscores the limitations of this climate mode for seasonal climate prediction in the region, and the importance of finding additional sources of skill for improving climate and yield forecasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Dynamical Forecasts of Tropical Terrestrial Carbon Fluxes with the NASA S2S Retrospective Forecast System

Author

Lee, Eunjee, Zeng, Fan-Wei, Ott, Lesley, Koster, Randal D, Shukla, Shraddhanand, Hazra, Abheera, Arsenault, Kristi R, and Joiner, Joanna

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

Recent advances in the ability to predict climate anomalies at sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales allow us to explore the possibility of forecasting carbon flux anomalies. Although carbon flux forecasting is a relatively new concept, it is potentially beneficial as it can help us better understand global and regional land-atmosphere carbon feedbacks associated with climate variations and can provide guidance for future field mission design. Here we evaluate the skill of forecasted terrestrial carbon anomalies generated from meteorological anomalies produced with the NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) S2S forecast system. We focus here on three representative time periods (the most recent 2015-2016 El Nino, 2011 La Nina, and 2014 as a neutral year), with each corresponding 9-month forecast comprising four ensemble members initialized in the preceding December. The meteorological variables produced by the GMAO forecast system were bias-corrected using a climatology derived from the Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) before being used to drive a suite of offline simulations with the NASA Catchment-CN terrestrial biosphere model, a model that computes water-energy-carbon dynamics. Forecasts are evaluated by comparing against satellite-driven estimates of gross primary production (GPP) and inverse model estimates of net carbon flux that incorporate satellite carbon dioxide measurements. We find that the restrospectively predicted carbon fluxes in the tropics reasonably reproduce the signs and magnitudes of the observed anomalies between the 2015-2016 El Nino and the 2011 La Nina for both net flux and GPP. For instance, for the El Nino period, the magnitude of the forecasted negative GPP anomaly in the South American tropics (which undergoes anomalously warm and dry conditions) agrees with the observed GPP anomaly at leads of up to three or four months. Overall, this study demonstrates potential skill in the forecast of biospheric carbon fluxes a few months in advance, a capability that could contribute to attribution studies focusing on carbon flux variations and support innovative observation strategies in the future.

Published
2020

45. 18. ANTHROPOGENIC ENHANCEMENT OF MODERATE-TO-STRONG EL NINO EVENTS LIKELYCONTRIBUTED TO DROUGHT AND POOR HARVESTS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA DURING 2016: A 40-member CESM LE ensemble indicates that climate change likely increased the intensity of the 2015/16 El Nino, contributing to further decreases in SA precipitation, crop production and food availability

Author

Funk, Chris, Davenport, Frank, Harrison, Laura, Magadzire, Tamuka, Galu, Gideon, Artan, Guleid A., Shukla, Shraddhanand, Korecha, Diriba, Indeje, Matayo, Pomposi, Catherine, Macharia, Denis, Husak, Gregory, and Nsadisa, Faka Dieudonne

Subjects
Rain and rainfall, Investment analysis -- Production management, Harvesting, Droughts, Global temperature changes, Food supply, Business, Earth sciences
Abstract

Introduction. In December-February (DJF) of 2015/16, a strong El Nino (Nino-3.4 SST >29[degrees]C) contributed to a severe drought over southern Africa (SA; Funk et al. 2016). A 9-million ton cereal [...]

Published
2018
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