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The present work focuses on examining the batch removal of Fe (III) from water using powdered Peganum Harmala seeds, characterized as FT-IR. In this work, several parameters are measured, including contact time, pH, Fe (III) concentration, reaction temperature effect, and adsorbent dose effect. Fe (III) adsorption was assessed using a UV-vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 620 nm. The findings demonstrated a positive correlation between the dosage of adsorbent and Fe (III) ions removal, with an increase in the adsorbent dose corresponding to higher elimination of Fe (III) ions. Therefore, the Langmuir isotherm model yielded more accurate equilibrium data compared to the Frendulich model. The kinetic data were mostly analyzed using a pseudo-second-order model rather than a pseudo-first-order model. Thermodynamic parameters, including enthalpy (ΔH◦), entropy (ΔS◦), and free energy (ΔG◦), were calculated. The adsorption process was found to be exothermic. Overall, Peganum Harmala was a favorable adsorbent for removing Fe (III) from aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Batch removal of Cu(II) from water by powdered seeds of Peganum Harmala has been investigated in this research. The Peganum Harmala seeds were collected after which they have been beaten slowly, separated and then cleaned using a sieve. The prepared sorption is characterized by FT-IR. Batch adsorption studies have been undertaken in 100 ml Erlenmeyer flasks, inside an incubator container. The main process parameters that are considered are pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration, the Adsorbent dose effect and reaction temperature effect. Cu(II) is measured at a wavelength of 620 nm, using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. The result evidence that the maximum removal of Cu(II) is observed at pH 6.2, with the pH over 6.2 result to participate the copper hydroxide. Clearly, the uptake process of the Cu(II) ion occurres very swiftly from the outset of the experiments during the first 15 min, after which there is a low decrease until 40 min, when maximum adsorption of Cu(II) ion onto Peganum Harmala is observed. An increased Cu(II) ions removal percentage occurres with increasing dose of adsorbents, increasing from 0.2 to 0.6 g followed by an increased percentage removal from 63.50% to 66.02%. Subsequently, the removal of Cu(II) ions decline, with an increased dose to 1g. Langmuir adsorption isotherm is more appropriate than the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, while the pseudo second-order reaction model is suitable for adsorption of the Copper ion onto the active centers of the Peganum Harmala surface compared with the pseudo first-order model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The investigation comprised an evaluation of the use of the catalyst, 1%Ru/TiO2, to oxidize Phenylmethanol into benzenecarbaldehyde. nitrogen adsorption isotherms and transmittance electron microscope (TEM) were deployed to delineate the properties of the supported catalysts. The findings indicated a superior catalytic performance from 1%Ru/TiO2 prepared using sol-immobilization method. No reaction was taken place with blank reaction or with undoped support. This was deemed to be a consequence of the dispersion and loading of Ru on the TiO2.The reaction conditions, i.e., temperature, reaction time, nature of catalyst and activating quantity, were optimized to achieve superior reaction parameters. This process gave rise to a benzyl alcohol transformation rate of up to 10%; and selectivity of benzaldehyde was 98%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Almarei milk is produced in Saudi Arabia from aqueous solutions; this study investigates its adsorption behavior pertaining to three types of anthocyanin pigments that are used as natural food colorants and adsorbents. The three anthocyanin pigments were extracted from red cabbage (RC), grape peel (GP), and pomegranate peel (PP). The initial dye concentrations were 10-50 mg/L and temperature of the solution was 35 °C. For an equilibrium isotherms and kinetic data were evaluated using the adsorption isotherms models such as Freundlich and Langmuir models. The results which were recorded show that the best adsorption model fit with the experimental data was Langmuir model in contrast with the Freundlich model. Also more suitable adsorption kinetics model was pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion models than the first-order reactions. An exothermic nature was found form the results of thermodynamic adsorption for each of thermodynamic parameters like entropy (S°), (H°) enthalpy, and free energy (G°). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]