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A dynamical clinical psychopathologic and neurologic study of disturbed functions of the nervous system following closed trauma of the skull and brain was conducted on 52 patients. The following three periods could be distinguished: the immediate result of the injury (1 to 2 weeks), recovery (2 weeks to 2 months), and outcome (2 to 3 years after the injury). The clinical forms of the course of psychopathologic and neurologic syndromes in each period were determined.

The work was carried out in 23 rat embryos from 9,5 to the 11th day of development. In 9,5-day embryos the primary sex cells are localized in the mesenchyma of the allantois and in the intestinal entoderm. Later they migrate either with the blood flow or on the surface of cellular layers towards gonad germs which are reached by the 11th day of the intrauterine development. In the course of this process there occur structural and cytochemical changes in gonocyte nuclei. The nucleolus is replaced to the periphery of the nucleus, around it there appears a rim intensively stained with methylene green. Chromatin has a shape of thin threads. These changes of the nuclei seem to be associated with an increased synthesis of r-DNA and hence with the synthesis of substances having the role to prevent the somatic differentiation of primary sex cells in the course of migration.

Sixteen human female embryos at the age of 33-35 days and 7, 9, 10, 11 weeks of development have been studied. Isolated nuclei of the sex and somatic cells have been obtained from embryonic gonads. Total air-dried preparations have been stained with fluorochrome "Hoechst 33258" and studied under the luminescent microscope. In the nuclei of gonocytes, at the moment when incorporation into the gonad takes place, sex chromatin, as well as structural heterochromatin, is absent. Beginning from the oogonia stage up to the preleptotene, a progressive condensation of chromatin is observed; heterocyclic X chromosome appears. When the preleptotene is completed, heterochromatized x chromosome disappears.

Histochemical investigation of 32 biopsy specimens of the muscular tissue taken in patients with Erb's myopathy and 15 bioptic materials from patients with Charcot--Marie--Tooth's amyotrophy was carried out. Characteristics of distribution of enzymes (succinate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase) in the muscular tissue of the patients referred to above are presented. A quantitative evaluation of the activity of enzymes was made by the method of count of granules of diphormazan with subsequent treatment of data by the statistical variation method.

Fourteen human female embryos at the age of 18, 32, 33 days and 6, 7, 9, 10, 11 weeks fixed in Carnoy's fluid and in 12% neutral formalin have been studied. Paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin, methyl green - pyronine were examined under light microscope. Staining with fluorochrome Xexct 33258" was applied for luminescent microscopy. Gonocyte nuclei both localized in the wall of yolk sac and during their migration differ from somatic cells by "blasomere" type of their nucleus organization. During this stage of development, gonocyte nuclei have no sex chromatin, although it is distinctly detected in the nuclei of surrounding somatic cells in the same embryos. After the gonocytes had contacts with "germinal" epithelium, heterochromatization of one X-chromosome occurs. Sex chromatin is preserved in the nuclei of oogonia disappearing in the course of preleptotene. At differentiation in oogonia, the nucleus of sex chromatin and the structure of their chromatin undergo certain changes.

The influence of acute brain trauma on the one hand and chronic alcoholism on the other, traced in 119 patients, leads to an appearance of special forms of psychopathological syndromes, which may occur in certain periods in the development of the disease. The developing state named as "acute traumatical psychosis" may be assessed as an alcohol delirium. Eventually the alcoholic pathoplastics continues to exert an influence on the posttraumatic mental disorders. That is why the tactics of therapeutical-rehabilitative measures are determine by this condition and are directed towards their abolishment.

The conducted study of the development and structure of the Korsakoff syndrome of a traumatic origin shows that the syndrome has its own regularities of development. An analysis of its course demonstrates an expressed development of sequalae due to brain injuries. The evaluation of the Korsakoff syndrome and its components permits to predict at the initial phase of its appearance the clinical outcome and consequently the tactics of treatment and possible social readaptation.