1. Dysfunctional oxidative phosphorylation shunts branched-chain amino acid catabolism onto lipogenesis in skeletal muscle
- Author
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José M. Cuezva, Sandra Serrano Sanz, Ana Ramírez de Molina, Juan Cruz Herrero Martín, Marta P. Pereira, Laura Formentini, Cristina Sánchez-González, Cristina Nuevo-Tapioles, UAM. Departamento de Biología Molecular, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Raras (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), and Comunidad de Madrid
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Mice, Transgenic ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Mitochondrion ,Oxidative Phosphorylation ,Article ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Lipid droplet ,Edaravone ,medicine ,Animals ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Musculoskeletal System ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,ATP synthase ,biology ,Catabolism ,Lipogenesis ,General Neuroscience ,Skeletal muscle ,Lipid metabolism ,Insulin resistance ,Articles ,Biología y Biomedicina / Biología ,Mitochondria ,Acetyl‐CoA ,Metabolism ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Acetyl-CoA ,biology.protein ,Amino Acids, Branched-Chain ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
It is controversial whether mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle is the cause or consequence of metabolic disorders. Herein, we demonstrate that in vivo inhibition of mitochondrial ATP synthase in muscle alters whole‐body lipid homeostasis. Mice with restrained mitochondrial ATP synthase activity presented intrafiber lipid droplets, dysregulation of acyl‐glycerides, and higher visceral adipose tissue deposits, poising these animals to insulin resistance. This mitochondrial energy crisis increases lactate production, prevents fatty acid β‐oxidation, and forces the catabolism of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA) to provide acetyl‐CoA for de novo lipid synthesis. In turn, muscle accumulation of acetyl‐CoA leads to acetylation‐dependent inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex II enhancing oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction which results in augmented ROS production. By screening 702 FDA‐approved drugs, we identified edaravone as a potent mitochondrial antioxidant and enhancer. Edaravone administration restored ROS and lipid homeostasis in skeletal muscle and reinstated insulin sensitivity. Our results suggest that muscular mitochondrial perturbations are causative of metabolic disorders and that edaravone is a potential treatment for these diseases., Inhibition of ATP synthase in the muscle alters whole‐body lipid metabolism and induces insulin resistance in mice, two phenotypes that can be reverted by edavarone treatment.
- Published
- 2020