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Measuring density of wood samples with mercury volumemeter is a standard throughout the world. To find out the reliability of another less toxic density measuring technique, samples were measured in a mercury medium and in a water medium as well. This study is a revision of the previously published results (Finžgar et al., 2013), since the determination of decay phases was questionable and correct results are presented here. New data is also presented herewith. For water measurements, the MSA 323S scale (Sartorius, Germany) with YDK01 Density Determination Kit (Sartorius, Germany) was used for the first time in our labs. We measured density of coarse woody debris from the secondary virgin forest reserve Rajhenavski Rog, Slovenia. Results of the two methods employed were not comparable due to different density definitions. Also, lower densities in higher decay phases were not detected, although expected. Nevertheless, the scale MSA 323S proved to be a reliable method of measuring wood sample density in water. However, some optimizations will have to be considered in the future. V Sloveniji in po svetu se je merjenje gostote v živosrebrnem mediju obravnavalo kot standardni postopek. Merjenje gostot v živem srebru je problematično zaradi zahtev Evropske unije po umiku te nevarne snovi iz človekovega okolja. Zato so meritve gostot v tej raziskavi potekale v različnih medijih z namenom iskanja alternativnega postopka. Ta raziskava revidira že objavljene rezultate (Finžgar in sod., 2013), saj je bila takratna določitev nekaterih stopenj razkroja vprašljiva. Prav tako so predstavljeni nekateri povsem novi rezultati. Tehtnica MSA 323S z dodatkom za merjenje gostot YDK01 (Sartorius, Nemčija) je bila v laboratoriju Gozdarskega inštituta Slovenije uporabljena prvič. Merili smo gostoto vzorcev velikih lesnih ostankov iz pragozdnega rezervata Rajhenavski Rog v vodnem in živosrebrnem mediju. Rezultati med seboj niso bili primerljivi, saj so bile uporabljene različne definicije gostote. Prav tako nismo zaznali izrazito manjših gostot v višjih stopnjah razkroja. Z našo raziskavo potrjujemo, da gostota lesa z razkrojem pada. Merilna tehtnica MSA 323S z dodatkom za merjenje gostot se je izkazala za izjemno hitro in preprosto metodo merjenja gostot lesa, čeprav bo treba v prihodnjih raziskavah postopek optimizirati.

Prispevek obravnava prve rezultate sledenja učinkov troposferskega ozona na gozdni vegetaciji v povezavi z aktivnostmi intenzivnega monitoringa gozdov (IM) in na ploskvah za umerjanje v okviru programa ICP Forest Konvencije CLTRAP v Sloveniji. Na desetih ploskvah IM potekajo meritve s pasivnimi vzorčevalniki koncentracije troposferskega ozona, hkrati se na izbranem gozdnem robu v bližini merilnega mesta opravljajo opazovanja značilnih ozonskih poškodb listja gozdnega drevja in grmovja. Prvi izsledki kažejo, da so izmerjene koncentracije troposferskega ozona večje v zahodnem delu države (Fondek na Trnovski planoti, Ankaran) in na višjih nadmorskih višinah (Lontovž pod Kumom, Borovec pri Kočevski Reki, Slavnik). Poškodbe vegetacije niso zmeraj večje zaradi višjih koncentracij ozona zaradi vpliva podnebnih dejavnikov in vodnega režima rastlin. Kljub temu pa so bile opažene tipične poškodbe listja zaradi prisotnosti ozona na večini opazovanih drevesnih in grmovnih vrstah. Zaradi uporabe pasivnih vzorčevalnikov neposrednih vzročnih povezav med poškodbami listja in koncentracijami nismo mogli potrditi ozona. The article deals with the first results of monitoring of tropospheric ozone damage, observed as foliage damage on the selected forest tree and shrub species in Slovenia at the plots of ICP-Forest Level II. Foliage damage was accompanied by ozone concentration measurement, carried out by passive samplers. The first results of the monitoring showed that higher ozone concentrations were measured in the west and south-west part of the country, especially at higher elevations. Foliage damage does not always correlate withthe ozone concentration due to the interference of climate factors and water regime of plants. However, typical visible damage was found in needles and leaves of almost all observed tree and shrub species. Due to the method of monitoring we have not been able to correlate measured ozone concentrations and visible injuries in plant leaves.

Precipitation quality measurements, organized by Slovenian Forestry Institute (Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije -GIS), have almost twenty years of tradition in Slovenia. On the plots for intensive monitoring of forest ecosystems (IMGE), established in 2003, these measurements are continually and systematically taking place for the ninth year. In addition to measuring precipitation quantity, we at Slovenian Forestry also analyze quality of samples using the methods, prescribed by ICP Forests. On the basis of the results we estimate the input of substances into the forest (in situ data), which enables the calculation of water and substance balance for forest ecosystems. Through measurements in the open and in the stand under tree crowns we acquire input data for preparing the estimation of critical exposure of forest ecosystems topollutants. Due to a longer temporal monitoring of the deposits we detect trends in deposits of pollutants, above all ammonium and nitrate nitrogen and sulphur in the sulphate form, on individual locations. The highest deposit of nitrogen is found on the Trnovo plot, where we detect, in the open and in the stand, averagely 17 kg per ha per year, in the ammonium and nitrate form together. Sulphur deposit is the highest on the Lontovž plot, where its annual deposit amounts to around 8 kg per ha, which applies to the measurements in the open and in the stand. The most striking trend is the decrease of the ammonium nitrogen and sulphate on the Lontovž plot in the seven-year period of the measurements. Meritve kakovosti padavin v organizaciji Gozdarskega inštituta Slovenije (GIS)imajo v Sloveniji skoraj dvajsetletno tradicijo, od leta 2003 pa so osnovane ploskve intenzivnega spremljanja gozdnih ekosistemov (IMGE), kjer te meritve potekajo kontinuirano in sistematično že deveto leto. Poleg merjenja količine padavin na Gozdarskem inštitutu Slovenije vzorce analiziramo tudi kakovostno po metodah, predpisanih s strani ICP Forests. Na podlagi rezultatov ocenimo vnos snovi v gozd (in situ podatki), kar omogoča izračun vodne in snovne bilance za gozdne ekosisteme. Z meritvami na prostem in v sestoju pod krošnjami pridobimo vhodne podatke za pripravo ocen kritičnih obremenitev gozdnih ekosistemov z onesnažili. Zaradi daljšega časovnega spremljanja depozitov detektiramo trende v depozitih onesnažil - predvsem amonijevega in nitratnega dušika ter žvepla v obliki sulfata - na posameznih lokacijah. Največji depozit dušika je na ploskvi Trnovo, kjer ga na prostem in v sestoju v povprečju zaznamo 17 kg ha-1 leto-1 v amonijevi in nitratni obliki skupaj. Po depozitu žvepla prednjači ploskev Lontovž, kjer je letni depozit v povprečju dobrih 8 kg ha-1; velja za meritve na prostem in v sestoju. Najopaznejši trend je zmanjševanje depozita amonijevega dušika in sulfata na ploskvi Lontovž v sedemletnem obdobju meritev.

The article deals with the first results of monitoring of tropospheric ozone damage, observed as foliage damage on the selected forest tree and shrub species in Slovenia at the plots of ICP-Forest Level II. Foliage damage was accompanied by ozone concentration measurement, carried out by passive samplers. The first results of the monitoring showed that higher ozone concentrations were measured in the west and south-west part of the country, especially at higher elevations. Foliage damage does not always correlate withthe ozone concentration due to the interference of climate factors and water regime of plants. However, typical visible damage was found in needles and leaves of almost all observed tree and shrub species. Due to the method of monitoring we have not been able to correlate measured ozone concentrations and visible injuries in plant leaves. Prispevek obravnava prve rezultate sledenja učinkov troposferskega ozona na gozdni vegetaciji v povezavi z aktivnostmi intenzivnega monitoringa gozdov (IM) in na ploskvah za umerjanje v okviru programa ICP Forest Konvencije CLTRAP v Sloveniji. Na desetih ploskvah IM potekajo meritve s pasivnimi vzorčevalniki koncentracije troposferskega ozona, hkrati se na izbranem gozdnem robu v bližini merilnega mesta opravljajo opazovanja značilnih ozonskih poškodb listja gozdnega drevja in grmovja. Prvi izsledki kažejo, da so izmerjene koncentracije troposferskega ozona večje v zahodnem delu države (Fondek na Trnovski planoti, Ankaran) in na višjih nadmorskih višinah (Lontovž pod Kumom, Borovec pri Kočevski Reki, Slavnik). Poškodbe vegetacije niso zmeraj večje zaradi višjih koncentracij ozona zaradi vpliva podnebnih dejavnikov in vodnega režima rastlin. Kljub temu pa so bile opažene tipične poškodbe listja zaradi prisotnosti ozona na večini opazovanih drevesnih in grmovnih vrstah. Zaradi uporabe pasivnih vzorčevalnikov neposrednih vzročnih povezav med poškodbami listja in koncentracijami nismo mogli potrditi ozona.