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Given the range of subjective experiences reported by patients with chronic pain, Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) systems designed for tailored delivery of analgesic therapy may help improve treatment effectiveness and satisfaction.This case-series evaluated 420 patients with chronic back and/or leg pain implanted with an SCS device capable of sequential or simultaneous delivery of neurostimulation (i.e. combination therapy) as well as multiple waveforms and/or field shapes. Following implantation, an array of standard programs (e.g. paresthesia-based SCS), and a custom set of sub-perception programs were provided per patient feedback. Pain scores (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS) were collected at baseline and during follow-up.In this multicenter, observational series (n = 420, 53.1% female; Age: 64.2 ± 13.4 years), a mean overall pain score of 7.2 ± 1.8 (SD) was reported pre-trial (Baseline). At a mean follow-up duration of 208 ± 200 (SD) days, the mean overall pain score reduced to 2.4 (p 0.0001). Overall pain was reduced by 5.1 ± 2.4 and 4.5 ± 2.4 points (NRS) at 3-months (N = 256) and at 12-months post-implant (N = 122) respectively (p 0.0001).These results suggest that highly 'customizable' SCS approaches may allow for highly effective pain relief within the real-world clinical setting.

▪ Abstract: Spinal cord stimulation is increasingly utilized as a treatment to alleviate low back pain and lumbar radiculopathy, particularly in patients with failed back surgery syndrome. We present an illustrative case of early, rapidly progressive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection after a brief stimulator trial lead implantation. Operators should maintain a high level of suspicion for deep infection, including epidural abscess, even when only minor symptoms and signs are present. Because of the poor ability to clear infections in the presence of a retained foreign body, the device must be explanted immediately. Subsequent surgical intervention, however, may nevertheless still be needed. While a variety of bacteria may cause epidural abscess, methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and increasingly, MRSA and community-associated MRSA, are the most likely etiologic organisms. ▪