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1. The results of biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments are realistic

Author

Jochum, Malte, Fischer, Markus, Isbell, Forest, Roscher, Christiane, van der Plas, Fons, Boch, Steffen, Boenisch, Gerhard, Buchmann, Nina, Catford, Jane A., Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Gleixner, Gerd, Hölzel, Norbert, Kattge, Jens, Klaus, Valentin H., Kleinebecker, Till, Lange, Markus, Le Provost, Gaëtane, Meyer, Sebastian T., Molina-Venegas, Rafael, Mommer, Liesje, Oelmann, Yvonne, Penone, Caterina, Prati, Daniel, Reich, Peter B., Rindisbacher, Abiel, Schäfer, Deborah, Scheu, Stefan, Schmid, Bernhard, Tilman, David, Tscharntke, Teja, Vogel, Anja, Wagg, Cameron, Weigelt, Alexandra, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Wilcke, Wolfgang, and Manning, Peter

Published
2020
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3. Technology generation to dissemination: lessons learned from the tef improvement project

Author

Cannarozzi, Gina, Chanyalew, Solomon, Assefa, Kebebew, Bekele, Abate, Blösch, Regula, Weichert, Annett, Klauser, Dominik, Plaza-Wüthrich, Sonia, Esfeld, Korinna, Jöst, Moritz, Rindisbacher, Abiel, Jifar, Habte, Johnson-Chadwick, Victoria, Abate, Ermias, Wang, Wuyan, Kamies, Rizqah, Husein, Negussu, Kebede, Worku, Tolosa, Kidist, Genet, Yazachew, Gebremeskel, Kidu, Ferede, Brikti, Mekbib, Firew, Martinelli, Federico, Pedersen, Hans Christian, Rafudeen, Suhail, Hussein, Shimelis, Tamiru, Muluneh, Nakayama, Naomi, Robinson, Mike, Barker, Ian, Zeeman, Samuel, and Tadele, Zerihun

Published
2018
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4. The results of biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments are realistic

Author

Jochum, Malte; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8728-1145, Fischer, Markus, Isbell, Forest; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9689-769X, Roscher, Christiane; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9301-7909, van der Plas, Fons; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4680-543X, Boch, Steffen; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2814-5343, Boenisch, Gerhard, Buchmann, Nina; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-2980, Catford, Jane A; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0582-5960, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-6720, Gleixner, Gerd, Hölzel, Norbert, Kattge, Jens; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1022-8469, Klaus, Valentin H; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7469-6800, Kleinebecker, Till; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1121-2861, Lange, Markus; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2802-9177, Le Provost, Gaëtane; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-6023, Meyer, Sebastian T; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0833-1472, Molina-Venegas, Rafael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5801-0736, Mommer, Liesje, Oelmann, Yvonne; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3513-6568, Penone, Caterina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8170-6659, Prati, Daniel, Reich, Peter B; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-662X, Rindisbacher, Abiel; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8605-2976, Schäfer, Deborah, Scheu, Stefan; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4350-9520, Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214, et al, Jochum, Malte; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8728-1145, Fischer, Markus, Isbell, Forest; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9689-769X, Roscher, Christiane; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9301-7909, van der Plas, Fons; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4680-543X, Boch, Steffen; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2814-5343, Boenisch, Gerhard, Buchmann, Nina; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-2980, Catford, Jane A; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0582-5960, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-6720, Gleixner, Gerd, Hölzel, Norbert, Kattge, Jens; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1022-8469, Klaus, Valentin H; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7469-6800, Kleinebecker, Till; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1121-2861, Lange, Markus; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2802-9177, Le Provost, Gaëtane; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-6023, Meyer, Sebastian T; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0833-1472, Molina-Venegas, Rafael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5801-0736, Mommer, Liesje, Oelmann, Yvonne; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3513-6568, Penone, Caterina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8170-6659, Prati, Daniel, Reich, Peter B; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-662X, Rindisbacher, Abiel; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8605-2976, Schäfer, Deborah, Scheu, Stefan; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4350-9520, Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214, and et al

Abstract

A large body of research shows that biodiversity loss can reduce ecosystem functioning. However, much of the evidence for this relationship is drawn from biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments in which biodiversity loss is simulated by randomly assembling communities of varying species diversity, and ecosystem functions are measured. This random assembly has led some ecologists to question the relevance of biodiversity experiments to real-world ecosystems, where community assembly or disassembly may be non-random and influenced by external drivers, such as climate, soil conditions or land use. Here, we compare data from real-world grassland plant communities with data from two of the largest and longest-running grassland biodiversity experiments (the Jena Experiment in Germany and BioDIV in the United States) in terms of their taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity and functional-trait composition. We found that plant communities of biodiversity experiments cover almost all of the multivariate variation of the real-world communities, while also containing community types that are not currently observed in the real world. Moreover, they have greater variance in their compositional features than their real-world counterparts. We then re-analysed a subset of experimental data that included only ecologically realistic communities (that is, those comparable to real-world communities). For 10 out of 12 biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships, biodiversity effects did not differ significantly between the full dataset of biodiversity experiments and the ecologically realistic subset of experimental communities. Although we do not provide direct evidence for strong or consistent biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships in real-world communities, our results demonstrate that the results of biodiversity experiments are largely insensitive to the exclusion of unrealistic communities and that the conclusions drawn from biodiversity experiments

Published
2020

6. The results of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning experiments are realistic

Author

Jochum, Malte, primary, Fischer, Markus, additional, Isbell, Forest, additional, Roscher, Christiane, additional, van der Plas, Fons, additional, Boch, Steffen, additional, Boenisch, Gerhard, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Catford, Jane A., additional, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, additional, Ebeling, Anne, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Gleixner, Gerd, additional, Hölzel, Norbert, additional, Kattge, Jens, additional, Klaus, Valentin H., additional, Kleinebecker, Till, additional, Lange, Markus, additional, Le Provost, Gaëtane, additional, Meyer, Sebastian T., additional, Molina-Venegas, Rafael, additional, Mommer, Liesje, additional, Oelmann, Yvonne, additional, Penone, Caterina, additional, Prati, Daniel, additional, Reich, Peter B., additional, Rindisbacher, Abiel, additional, Schäfer, Deborah, additional, Scheu, Stefan, additional, Schmid, Bernhard, additional, Tilman, David, additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, Vogel, Anja, additional, Wagg, Cameron, additional, Weigelt, Alexandra, additional, Weisser, Wolfgang W., additional, Wilcke, Wolfgang, additional, and Manning, Peter, additional

Published
2019
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9. Genetic diversity in tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

Author

Assefa, Kebebew, primary, Cannarozzi, Gina, additional, Girma, Dejene, additional, Kamies, Rizqah, additional, Chanyalew, Solomon, additional, Plaza-Wüthrich, Sonia, additional, Blösch, Regula, additional, Rindisbacher, Abiel, additional, Rafudeen, Suhail, additional, and Tadele, Zerihun, additional

Published
2015
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10. Technology generation to dissemination: lessons learned from the tef improvement project

Author

Suhail Rafudeen, Muluneh Tamiru, Zerihun Tadele, Mike Robinson, Kidu Gebremeskel, Wuyan Wang, Brikti Ferede, Regula Blösch, Abiel Rindisbacher, Korinna Esfeld, Shimelis Hussein, Ermias Abate, Sonia Plaza-Wüthrich, Firew Mekbib, Ian Barker, Victoria Johnson-Chadwick, Dominik Klauser, Habte Jifar, Gina Cannarozzi, Worku Kebede, Yazachew Genet, Samuel C. Zeeman, Abate Bekele, Hans Christian Pedersen, Kebebew Assefa, Moritz Jöst, Naomi Nakayama, Negussu Husein, Solomon Chanyalew, Annett Weichert, Federico Martinelli, Rizqah Kamies, Kidist Tolosa, Cannarozzi, Gina, Chanyalew, Solomon, Assefa, Kebebew, Bekele, Abate, Blösch, Regula, Weichert, Annett, Klauser, Dominik, Plaza-Wüthrich, Sonia, Esfeld, Korinna, Jöst, Moritz, Rindisbacher, Abiel, Jifar, Habte, Johnson-Chadwick, Victoria, Abate, Ermia, Wang, Wuyan, Kamies, Rizqah, Husein, Negussu, Kebede, Worku, Tolosa, Kidist, Genet, Yazachew, Gebremeskel, Kidu, Ferede, Brikti, Mekbib, Firew, Martinelli, Federico, Pedersen, Hans Christian, Rafudeen, Suhail, Hussein, Shimeli, Tamiru, Muluneh, Nakayama, Naomi, Robinson, Mike, Barker, Ian, Zeeman, Samuel, and Tadele, Zerihun

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, TILLING, Context (language use), Plant Science, Biology, 580 Plants (Botany), Horticulture, Eragrostis tef, 01 natural sciences, Farmer-participatory research, Indigenous, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, Orphan crop, Settore AGR/07 - Genetica Agraria, Marker-assisted breeding, Orphan crops, Tef, Milestone (project management), Genetics, Population growth, Environmental planning, Uncategorized, Food security, business.industry, 030104 developmental biology, Agriculture, Famine, business, Green Revolution, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Indigenous crops also known as orphan crops are key contributors to food security, which is becoming increasingly vulnerable with the current trend of population growth and climate change. They have the major advantage that they fit well into the general socio-economic and ecological context of developing world agriculture. However, most indigenous crops did not benefit from the Green Revolution, which dramatically increased the yield of major crops such as wheat and rice. Here, we describe the Tef Improvement Project, which employs both conventional- and molecular-breeding techniques to improve tef—an orphan crop important to the food security in the Horn of Africa, a region of the world with recurring devastating famines. We have established an efficient pipeline to bring improved tef lines from the laboratory to the farmers of Ethiopia. Of critical importance to the long-term success of this project is the cooperation among participants in Ethiopia and Switzerland, including donors, policy makers, research institutions, and farmers. Together, European and African scientists have developed a pipeline using breeding and genomic tools to improve the orphan crop tef and bring new cultivars to the farmers in Ethiopia. We highlight a new variety, Tesfa, developed in this pipeline and possessing a novel and desirable combination of traits. Tesfa’s recent approval for release illustrates the success of the project and marks a milestone as it is the first variety (of many in the pipeline) to be released., Euphytica, 214 (2), ISSN:0014-2336, ISSN:1573-5060

Published
2023
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