1. Rift Valley Fever Virus Encephalitis: Viral and Host Determinants of Pathogenesis.
- Author
-
Wilson LR and McElroy AK
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Mice, Encephalitis, Viral virology, Encephalitis, Viral immunology, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Rift Valley fever virus genetics, Rift Valley fever virus pathogenicity, Rift Valley fever virus immunology, Rift Valley fever virus physiology, Rift Valley Fever virology, Rift Valley Fever immunology, Disease Models, Animal
- Abstract
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne virus endemic to Africa and the Middle East. RVFV infection can cause encephalitis, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Studies of RVFV encephalitis following percutaneous inoculation, as would occur following a mosquito bite, have historically been limited by a lack of consistent animal models. In this review, we describe new insights into the pathogenesis of RVFV and the opportunities provided by new mouse models. We underscore the need to consider viral strain and route of inoculation when interpreting data obtained using animal models. We discuss the trafficking of RVFV and the role of host genetics and immunity in modulating the pathogenesis of RVFV encephalitis. We also explore potential strategies to prevent and treat central nervous system disease caused by RVFV and discuss remaining knowledge gaps.
- Published
- 2024
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