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221 results on '"Rich, Karl M."'

20. Identifying the precursors of vulnerability in agricultural value chains: A system dynamics approach.

Author

Aboah, Joshua, Wilson, Mark M.J., Bicknell, Kathryn, and Rich, Karl M.

Subjects
VALUE chains, SYSTEM dynamics, COCOA industry, SUPPLY chains, SENSITIVITY analysis, COCOA
Abstract

Conventional approaches for assessing supply chain vulnerability do not capture endogenous disruptions emanating from chain actors' decisions that might increase value chain vulnerability. These approaches adopt a reactive analytical explanation of vulnerability, rather than one that considers issues of feedback effects. To address this issue, this paper adopts a system dynamics modelling approach to identify the precursors of vulnerabilities in Ghana's cocoa value chain. The paper assesses the vulnerability levels of the cocoa value chain by adjusting the baseline values of several key parameters that can be influenced by chain actors. Results of the sensitivity analyses indicate that the precursors of vulnerability situated upstream of the cocoa value chain have varying impacts on chain vulnerability, but the same magnitude of effect on the vulnerability levels of chain actors. However, precursors of vulnerability that are situated midstream of the cocoa value chain have an unequal magnitude of effect on the vulnerability levels of chain actors. Results suggest that policies governing cocoa trading can become countervailing factors that obstruct the government's call for upgrading along the cocoa value chain. The system dynamics model presented here enables a proactive assessment of vulnerability which can facilitate collaborative planning among stakeholders in the value chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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34. Product differentiation and demand for animal-source foods in Côte d'Ivoire

Author

Wane, Abdrahmane, Rich, Karl M., Bamba, Youssouf, N'Goran, Adjoua Ange-Jokébed, and Fall, Abdou

Abstract

This report presents a demand analysis of primary data collected on 562 households in Abidjan. Findings show that Ivorian consumers purchase more from traditional retailers where source-differentiated foods are sold in simple or primary forms. There is however an emergence of local and international retail brands (modern butcheries, supermarkets) trading in more specialized or processed food products. Consumers are generally sensitive to expenditure variation in their demand for chicken and fish. The expenditure elasticities of chicken and fish were found to be significant and positive. The elasticity of fish was estimated greater than one, indicating fish as a superior good in the households surveyed. The expenditure elasticity of beef was not significant.

Published
2021

39. Enriching value chains through maps: reflections from spatial group model building in Myanmar and India.

Author

Rich, Karl M., Berends, Jared, and Cooper, Gregory S.

Subjects
*VALUE chains, *CONCEPT mapping, *SYSTEM dynamics
Abstract

Recent research has highlighted the valuable contributions that participatory processes contribute in developing system dynamics models of value chains with stakeholders. A new participatory process known as spatial group model building (SGMB) expands these insights, using maps and GIS concepts to improve the facilitation and modelling process. This practical note provides an overview of SGMB, its recent applications in informing development interventions, and proposed innovations to expand its use and dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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40. Spatial and temporal patterns of consumption of animal‐source foods in Tanzania.

Author

Wang, Ping, Tran, Nhuong, Enahoro, Dolapo, Chan, Chin Yee, Shikuku, Kelvin Mashisia, Rich, Karl M., Byrd, Kendra, and Thilsted, Shakuntala H.

Subjects
CONSUMPTION (Economics), FOOD consumption, ELASTICITY (Economics), CITIES & towns, GOVERNMENT policy
Abstract

Animal‐source foods (ASF) are an important source of nutrients in many developing countries. However, there is limited information on the demand for ASF and the factors influencing their consumption. This study assessed spatial and temporal patterns of ASF consumption in Tanzania using data from a nationally representative household survey. Price and expenditure elasticities of ASF demand were estimated by applying a censored Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) model. Results showed a 30% increase in weekly household expenditure on ASF from USD 3.02 in 2008 to USD 3.94 in 2014. The likelihood of a household purchasing ASF was 4.5 percentage points higher in urban compared to rural areas. With the exception of dried fish, the expenditure elasticity of ASF demand was positive and statistically significant. Expenditure and own‐price elasticities were largest for chicken and lowest for dried fish. The responsiveness of ASF demand to own‐price changes was higher in rural than urban areas in all cases. The findings imply that public policies that either raise household incomes or lower ASF prices have the potential to increase the consumption of ASF and consequently improve food and nutrition security in Tanzania. [EconLit Citations: C33, D12, Q18]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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41. Antibiotic use in pig farms at different levels of intensification—Farmers’ practices in northeastern Thailand

Author

Hallenberg, Gunilla Ström, primary, Jiwakanon, Jatesada, additional, Angkititrakul, Sunpetch, additional, Kang-air, Seri, additional, Osbjer, Kristina, additional, Lunha, Kamonwan, additional, Sunde, Marianne, additional, Järhult, Josef D., additional, Van Boeckel, Thomas P., additional, Rich, Karl M., additional, and Magnusson, Ulf, additional

Published
2020
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42. Can trade preferences stimulate sectoral development? The case of Namibian and Botswanan beef exports to Norway

Author

Bennett, Ben, Rich, Karl M., and Melchior, Arne

Subjects
Økonomisk vekst, International investments, Handel, Internasjonale investeringer, Trade, VDP::Economics: 212, Internasjonal økonomi, International economics, Economic growth, VDP::Samfunnsøkonomi: 212
Abstract

• While market access quotas have generated high levels of rents for traders and exporters in Namibia, Botswana, Norway, and offshore entities in the UK, their developmental benefits are diffuse, unclear, and difficult to unpack; • The consolidation of trade between small supply (Namibia, Botswana) and demand markets (Norway) provides some unique advantages for trading parties, given the former’s efficiency and scale disadvantages in international trade, and the latter’s desire to actively manage its food imports; • However, such a strategy is not necessarily replicable or scalable, as it entails both high entry costs for access and high risks from the over-reliance on a limited number of markets and the specter of animal disease incursions.

Published
2020

44. The promotion of amaranth value chains for livelihood enhancement in East Africa: A systems modelling approach

Author

Dizyee, Kanar, Baker, Derek, Herrero, Mario, Burrow, Heather, McMillan, Larelle, Sila, Daniel Ndaka, and Rich, Karl M.

Subjects
amaranth, system dynamics, Agribusiness, East Africa, Tanzania, value chains
Abstract

This paper conducts ex-ante impact assessments for policy interventions to promote amaranth value chains in Tanzania and Kenya. Amaranth is an underdeveloped, drought-resistant, and nutrition-rich crop used for human food, animal fodder, and ornamental purposes. Promoting amaranth value chains is a difficult task, given that amaranth is not a well-established commodity and has limited market outlets in the developing world at present. This paper provides a framework within which conduct scenario analysis of ways to promote amaranth value chains using system dynamics (SD). We constructed an integrated amaranth production and market model to evaluate the impact of producer adoption of improved production technologies (improved seed varieties), and changes in demand for amaranth products, on producer profits and planting behaviour. The results of our model show that the profitably upgrading and commercialising of amaranth value chains require multifaceted and chain-level interventions that improve supply- and demand-side conditions. Interventions that target only the supply side serve to increase amaranth production, but generate minor economic gain for producers.

Published
2020
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45. The COVID-19 Pandemic and Global Food Security

Author

Mardones, Fernando O., primary, Rich, Karl M., additional, Boden, Lisa A., additional, Moreno-Switt, Andrea I., additional, Caipo, Marisa L., additional, Zimin-Veselkoff, Natalia, additional, Alateeqi, Abdulaziz M., additional, and Baltenweck, Isabelle, additional

Published
2020
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49. Identifying hotspots for antibiotic resistance emergence and selection, and elucidating pathways to human exposure: Application of a systems-thinking approach to aquaculture systems

Author

Brunton, Lucy A., primary, Desbois, Andrew P., additional, Garza, Maria, additional, Wieland, Barbara, additional, Mohan, Chadag Vishnumurthy, additional, Häsler, Barbara, additional, Tam, Clarence C., additional, Le, Phuc Nguyen Thien, additional, Phuong, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Van, Phan Thi, additional, Nguyen-Viet, Hung, additional, Eltholth, Mahmoud M., additional, Pham, Dang Kim, additional, Duc, Phuc Pham, additional, Linh, Nguyen Tuong, additional, Rich, Karl M., additional, Mateus, Ana L.P., additional, Hoque, Md. Ahasanul, additional, Ahad, Abdul, additional, Khan, Mohammed Nurul Absar, additional, Adams, Alexandra, additional, and Guitian, Javier, additional

Published
2019
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