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Sharing human brain data can yield scientific benefits, but because of various disincentives, only a fraction of these data is currently shared. We profile three successful data-sharing experiences from the NIH BRAIN Initiative Research Opportunities in Humans (ROH) Consortium and demonstrate benefits to data producers and to users.

While considerable scholarship has explored responsibilities owed to research participants at the conclusion of explanatory clinical trials, no guidance exists regarding responsibilities owed at the conclusion of a pragmatic clinical trial (PCT). Yet post‐trial responsibilities in PCTs present distinct considerations from those emphasized in existing guidance and prior scholarship. Among these considerations include the responsibilities of the healthcare delivery systems in which PCTs are embedded, and decisions about implementation for interventions that demonstrate meaningful benefit following their integration into usual care settings—or deimplementation for those that fail to do so. In this article, we present an overview of prior scholarship and guidance on post‐trial responsibilities, and then identify challenges for post‐trial responsibilities for PCTs. We argue that, given one of the key rationales for PCTs is that they can facilitate uptake of their results by relevant decision‐makers, there should be a presumptive default that PCT study results be incorporated into future care delivery processes. Fulfilling this responsibility will require prospective planning by researchers, healthcare delivery system leaders, institutional review boards, and sponsors, so as to ensure that the knowledge gained from PCTs does, in fact, influence real‐world practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on developing a bioethics research agenda for Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled decision-making tools, particularly the Personalized Patient Preference Predictor (P4). Topics include the ethical implications of using AI systems to make substituted judgments in healthcare, challenges in capturing accurate personal preferences, and the potential benefits of AI tools when human surrogates are unavailable or incapable of making decisions.

The author comments on the Ethical Data Practices Framework advanced in the target article by M. S. McCoy and colleagues. Topics include the pragmatic approach taken by McCoy and colleagues to helping companies respect substantive ethical principles in routine company operations that involve processing and sharing personal data, brief historical accounting of the past 20 years of data privacy negotiations between the U.S. and European Union (EU), and the EU-U.S. data privacy framework.

This paper proposes a set of recommendations for the return of research results and incidental findings in paediatrics. The Network of Applied Genetic Medicine of Quebec spearheaded the initiative to develop the Statement of Principles on the Return of Research Results and Incidental Findings, which was the result of a consultation process with clinical and research experts in the field. To formulate the Statement of Principles, the authors (i) reviewed empirical and grey literature on the return of research results and incidental findings in Europe and Canada, (ii) conducted a qualitative study of stakeholder groups, (iii) developed, and (iv) validated the recommendations through consultations with the stakeholder groups. The Statement of Principles provides a useful disclosure tool for deciding when, and under what circumstances to return research results and incidental findings. It addresses the issue of return of results in genetic research generally, and has also specific principles for various research contexts, including paediatric research. It delineates ethical issues unique to paediatric research, and provides a framework to guide research ethics committees as well as the research community in addressing these issues. Key words: genetic/genomic research, paediatrics, return of results, incidental findings, ethics. Cet article propose une serie de recommandations au sujet de la communication des resultats de recherche et des decouvertes fortuites en pediatrie. Le Reseau de Medecine Genetique Appliquee (RMGA) du Quebec a supervise et endosse l'Enonce de principes sur la communication des resultats de recherche et des decouvertes fortuites, lequel est le fruit d'un processus de consultation mene aupres d'experts cliniques et en recherche dans ce domaine. Pour formuler cet Enonce de principes, les auteurs ont (i) passe en revue la litterature empirique et grise sur le sujet de la communication des resultats de recherche et des decouvertes fortuites en Europe et au Canada, (ii) realise une etude qualitative aupres de parties prenantes, (iii) developpe et (iv) valide les recommandations via des consultations impliquant des parties prenantes. L'Enonce de principes apporte un outil de divulgation utile pour decider quand et dans quelles circonstances il convient de communiquer les resultats d'aide a la decision de recherche et les decouvertes fortuites. Il aborde la question de la communication des resultats de la recherche genetique de maniere generale et apporte egalement des principes specifiques pour differents contextes de recherche, dont la recherche en pediatrie. Il cerne les enjeux ethiques qui sont uniques a la recherche pediatrique et fournit un cadre pour guider les comites d'ethique en recherche ainsi que la communaute scientifique en ce qui a trait a ces enjeux. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: recherche genetique/genomique, pediatrie, communication des resultats, decouvertes fortuites, ethique., Introduction Rapid advances in research and clinical sequencing underscores the immediacy of national and international consensus regarding the return of research results and incidental findings. Although a number of professional [...]

In this paper we report findings from a commissioned report to the COVID-19 Clinical Research Coalition on approaches to streamline multinational REC review/approval during public health emergencies. As currently envisioned in the literature, a system of REC mutual recognition is theoretically possible based on shared procedural REC standards, but raises numerous concerns about perceived inequities and mistrust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]