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In Nordrhein-Westfalen gibt es nur noch wenige geschlossen erhaltene historische Gymnasialbibliotheken. Zum „Spitzenquartett“ dieser Bibliotheken, entstanden im 16. oder zu Beginn des 17. Jahrhunderts, gehört die Bibliothek des Gymnasium Arnoldinum in Burgsteinfurt. Zunächst in Schüttorf 1588 als Hohe Schule (oder Gymnasium illustre) für den Nachwuchs des reformierten Bekenntnisses gegründet, siedelte man 1591 nach Burgsteinfurt um, wo 1593 ein repräsentativer Renaissancebau bezogen werden konnte. Bis in die Mitte der 1630er Jahre, als die Wirren des Dreißigjährigen Krieges auch Burgsteinfurt erreichten, erlebte die Hohe Schule eine Blütezeit, in der die Musikerziehung und -ausübung zum Alltagsleben gehörte, wie die (wenigen) überlieferten Musikalien der historischen Gymnasialbibliothek eindrucksvoll belegen. Die vorliegende, posthum veröffentlichte Schrift Günter Raabes gibt einen detailreichen Einblick in diese musikhistorisch spannende Frühzeit des Gymnasium Arnoldinum.

The nitration reaction of 5,10,15,20-tetranaphthylporphyrin (TNP) was investigated in detail and the mono-, di-, and tri-nitro-TNPs were synthesized in high yield using 65% HNO(3). The (1)H-NMR study shows that the preferred site of nitration of the naphthyl substituted porphyrin is the carbon atom of the meso-substituents para to its bond to the porphyrin ring. The reaction leads to exquisite regioselectivity in favor of the mono, di, and tri-nitro-TNP. Quantum-chemical ab initio calculations at different levels of theory were performed in order to explain the experimentally observed reactivity.

HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS A 75-year-old woman, without a history of severe illness, developed an erythematosquamous skin disease on hands and forearms. After continued spreading of these cutaneous lesions, she was admitted to hospital, presenting with a generalised desquamating erythrodermia and marked pruritus. INVESTIGATIONS Skin biopsy showed cornocutaneous signs with alternating ortho- and parakeratosis, typical for pityriasis rubra pilaris. Laboratory findings showed a chronic to acute inflammation with leukocytosis, granulocytosis in the differential blood count, raised C-reactive protein in a range from 54.7 to a maximum of 157.2 mg/l and a protein electrophoresis with elevated alpha1- and alpha2-fraction. TREATMENT AND COURSE The erythrodermia only temporarily receded under systemic therapy with acitretin and prednisolone. The patient developed intermittent septic fever accompanied by reduction or loss of consciousness. The general condition of the patient worsened considerably. Out of a rapidly progressing pleural effusion malignant cells similar to adenocarcinoma were isolated. Because CA15-3 was elevated we conducted an extended search especially for a breast carcinoma, but found only pathologically enlarged axillary, mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes in conventional X-ray, CT, ultrasound and endoscopic procedures. The patient died from paraneoplastic pulmonary embolism. At autopsy, the widespread metastatic dissemination from poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was confirmed. A necrosis in the right breast containing tumour cell remnants could probably be regarded as the primary neoplasm. Immunohistochemically no definite proof of breast nor gastro-intestinal carcinoma could be found. CONCLUSIONS This case presents a rare paraneoplastic cutaneous manifestation as pityriasis rubra pilaris triggered by a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The primary neoplasm could not definitely be identified, neither pre nor post mortem.

27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 618-621, We present a new developed microwave furnace capable to produce small amounts of metallurgical silicon [1]. Due to the direct microwave heating of the reaction mixture and a lower over-all temperature compared to the electric arc furnace, process time and heat losses are reduced. Additionally, the utilization of pure furnace materials and crucibles, combined with a shorter process time result in lower diffusion of impurities into the produced silicon. Thus, the microwave process can result in an energy efficient process that is able to produce high quality metallurgical silicon, which can be easily upgraded to solar silicon. In this work, we present experimental studies on contact and non-contact temperature measurements during microwave heating of both, the pure compounds and the reaction mixture.

Photolysis of chromium-carbene complexes 1 in the presence of olefins and dienes yields cyclobutanones 4 and 5 with varying stereoselectivity. Under oxidative conditions lactones 6, 7, 8, and 10 are obtained as byproducts. Thermal reactions of ketenes 3 with olefins and dienes yield the same cyclobutanones with usually equal selectivities. In the case of 2,3-dihydro-1,4-dioxin as olefin, diene 9 is obtained as a byproduct. Cycloaddition reactions of 1a or 3a with 1,2-dimethylenecyclopentane (11) yield the spirocyclic cyclobutanones 12 and 13. The symmetric ketone 16 and the ketene dimer 17 are formed as additional products upon cycloaddition of ketene 3b to tetraethoxyethylene. Novel alpha-(butylthio)cyclobutanones 4j, k, l, m and 5k, l are formed by cycloaddition reactions of the newly prepared compounds 1c and 3c. The ketene dimer 20 is formed by thermal reactions of 3a with olefins. Unusually low stereoselectivities are observed in the case of photolytic reactions of 1c with dienes.