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Thin-film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) has recently emerged as a promising platform for high-speed optical communication devices. For practical applications, an efficient, polarization-insensitive, misalignment-tolerant and broadband fiber-to-chip optical coupler is necessary. In this paper, we present a fiber-to-chip edge coupler based on trident spot-size convertor (SSC). Experiment shows 1.18/1.10 dB per facet low loss at 1550 nm for TE/TM polarization respectively. A relatively large alignment tolerance (AT) has also been demonstrated. Over a broadband wavelength range from 1490 nm ~ 1640 nm, the edge coupler exhibits a maximum loss of 1.30 dB, a wavelength dependent loss (WDL) of 0.23 dB for TE mode and a polarization dependent loss (PDL) of 0.33 dB when coupled to a single mode fiber (SMF) with a mode field diameter (MFD) of ~6 μm.

The application of lithium niobate thin film is a hot topic now. Due to its superior electro-optic modulation properties, it has many popular applications in integrated optics. However, LN thin film’s small size also produces major challenges when attempting to efficiently couple light with optical fibers. Therefore, a trident edge coupler for LN thin-film is proposed in this paper, and its performance is studied in simulation. The trident edge coupler shows

The growing adoption of photovoltaic panels on roof-tops increases the pressure on grid operators for offsetting surplus or deficiency in generation. A multi-carrier energy system allows energy to be converted and stored using different energy carriers, thus relieving the stress from grid operators. However, these systems require efficient operation to unfold their full potential. This paper proposes a novel blockchain-enabled process to coordinate, allocate, and settle intra-day energy transactions in a district multi-carrier energy system with electricity and heating sub-networks. An incentive mechanism is designed for an optimal allocation of local green energy generation. The mechanism is implemented for the Ethereum blockchain and operates fully on-chain. The design leaves energy producers the freedom to choose their preferred pricing strategy for profit maximization while restricting them to behavior favoring the common good. We test three pricing strategies, with different levels of knowledge on users’ pricing behaviors, that energy producers may adopt. The price-availability-based allocation system guarantees consumers the lowest possible cost., Energy Informatics, 1 (S1), Proceedings of the 7th DACH+ Conference on Energy Informatics