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An investigation was carried out at Horticultural Instructional Farm, C.P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar during 2019-20. The results showed that the peak population of thrips during the 5th week of November i.e., 48th SMW, whereas, peak activity of aphid was found during the 4th week of November i.e., 47th SMW. The population of mealybug was noticed during the 24th to 26th SMW of June. The highest number of coccinellids were recorded during the 4th week of November i.e., 47th SMW, whereas, the activity of chrysopids was remained maximum during the 3rd week of November i.e., 46th SMW. The correlation co-efficient of pomegranate thrips and aphid with maximum and minimum temperature, morning relative humidity and wind velocity were found negative, highly significant. The results of mealybug revealed that maximum and minimum temperature, morning and evening relative humidity, sunshine hours and rainfall distribution were found positive non-significant. While, coccinellids showed negative highly significant correlation with maximum temperature, morning relative humidity and wind velocity. Whereas, chrysopids showed that the minimum temperature and wind velocity were negative but highly significant and morning relative humidity showed a negative significant relationship. The population of coccinellids and chrysopids showed a highly significant and positive correlation with thrips and aphid population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii, is one of the most destructive invasive pests introduced to India from the American subcontinent during the nineteenth century. For ecofriendly management of L.trifoliiihe experiment was conducted at horticulture farm, College of Horticulture, S. D. Agricultural University, Jagudan (Mehsana), Gujarat in the rabi season of 2020-21 and 2021-22. Nine botanical insecticides were tested and among that neem seed kernel extract at 5% was significantly superior and recorded the lowest damage (9.80%) which was statistically at par with tobacco decoction at 2% (10.52%) and azadirachtin at 1500 ppm (11.13%). Similarly, based on the number of mines per three compound leaves, neem seed kernel extract at 5% demonstrated superior efficacy by recording the lowest number of mines (10.59 mines/3 compound leaves). The application of neem seed kernel extract at 5% resulted in the highest tomato fruit yield, harvesting 449.16 q/ha, a result on par with azadirachtin at 1500 ppm (445.83 q/ha) and tobacco decoction at 2% (436.00 q/ha). The incorporation of biopesticides into the management strategy presents a promising avenue for sustainable and environmentally friendly tomato production in protected cultivation systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation was carried out at Horticultural Instructional Farm, Chimanbhai Patel College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar during 2019-20. The result of the field study revealed that, among the different bio-rationals treatments evaluated against sucking pests of pomegranate, Azadirachtin 10000 ppm (30 ml/10 lit.) was found to be the most superior bio-rational against thrips of pomegranate, followed by Lecanicillium lecanii (1 x 109 efu/g) (40 g/10 lit.) and B. bassiana (1 x 109 efu/g) (40 g/10 lit.), whereas, L. lecanii (1 x 109 efu/g) (40g/10 lit.) had registered the most effective treatment against pomegranate aphid followed by B. bassiana (1 x 109 efu/g) (40 g/10 lit.) and Azadirachtin 10000 ppm (30 ml/10 lit.). Karanj oil (20 ml/10 lit.) + 0.1% soap solution was found to be least effective against thrips and aphid on pomegranate. All the bio-rationals were non-toxic to coccinellids and chrysopids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation was carried out at Horticultural Instructional Farm, Chimanbhai Patel College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar during 2019-20. Results revealed that the Spinosad 45 SC (0.036%) was found to be the most effective against pomegranate thrips, followed by Cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD (0.0072%) and Clothianidin 50 WDG (0.025%). While for the management of pomegranate aphid Clothianidin 50 WDG @ (0.025%) gave excellent results, followed by Cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD (0.0072%). While, Dinotefuran 20 SG (0.0055%) was found least effective treatment against sucking pests of pomegranate. Whereas, effect of newer molecules on natural enemies revealed that, Cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD (0.0072%) was the safest insecticide on coccinellids, followed by Spinosad 45 SC (0.036%), whereas, Thiamethoxam 25 WG (0.0084%) had the most harmful effect to the coccinellids in pomegranate. In case of chrysopids, Cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD (0.0072%) and Spinosad 45 SC (0.036%) were proved to be the least harmful treatments, whereas, Thiamethoxam 25 WG (0.0084%) and Clothianidin 50 WDG (0.025%) had the detrimental effect to the chrysopids in pomegranate eco-system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let R be a prime ring of characteristic different from 2 with a right Martindale quotient ring Qr and an extended centroid C. Let F be a non zero generalized derivation of R and S be the set of evaluations of a non central valued multilinear polynomial f(x1, ..., xn) over C. Let p, q ∈ R be such that pF²(u)u + F²(u)uq = 0 for all u ∈ S. Then for all x ∈holds: 1. there exists a ∈ Qr is central valued on R and there exists a ∈ Qr such that F(x) = ax with pa² + a²q = 0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let R be a non commutative prime ring of characteristic different from 2, U be the Utumi quotient ring of R with the extended centroid C, f(x1, ... , xn) a multilinear polynomial over C which is not central valued on R, f(R) the set of all evaluations of the polynomial f (x1, ... , xn). Suppose F and G are two nonzero generalized derivations on R and let p, q, ∈ R be such that f(R) satisfies the differential identity In this paper we prove that, if R does not satisfy the standard identity s4, then either R satisfies (1) or f(x1, ... , xn)2 is central valued on R. Moreover, in both cases we describe all possible forms of generalized derivations F and G. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]