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A straightforward method for producing pyrrolo‐chromenes involved the utilization of a Wittig reaction, where maleimides reacted with ortho‐hydroxy benzaldehyde. This reaction yields ortho‐hydroxy benzylidine succinimides, which subsequently undergo molecular bromine‐induced intramolecular cyclization, resulting in (E)‐3‐(substituted benzylidine)‐1‐(substituted phenyl) pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dione derivatives (6g‐n). The traditional reaction methods demonstrates efficient performance when carried out in a DMF solvent. This approach proves to be user‐friendly and provides numerous benefits, including reduced reaction duration, increased product yields, and milder operating conditions. The compounds synthesized in this study will be integrated into our biological screening program and any discoveries pertaining to their biological properties will be further investigated and subsequently documented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present investigation, a series of 3-aryl-4-methoxy N-alkyl maleimide 5a-l have been synthesized and screened for their antimicrobial activity against one Gram positive bacteria (S. aureus), one Gram negative bacteria (E. coli) and fungal strains (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, A. niger and A. clavatus). The structures of the compounds have been substantiated by their IR, NMR, mass and elemental analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of synthesized maleimides have been determined by broth microdilution method. Of the newly synthesized maleimides, compounds 5c, 5f, 5h, 5i, 5k and 5l registered significant activity against the tested microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of 3-methoxy-4-phenyl-1-p-tolyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione 5a-l were synthesized with almost 80 to 90% yield. All the maleimides were well characterised and screened against panel of four fungal strains and two bacterial strains. The structures of compounds were characterized by their IR, NMR, mass and elemental analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of synthesized maleimides were carried out by broth microdilution method. Out of tested maleimides, compounds 5f and 5j registered significant activity antibacterial activity. While rest of compounds showed moderate to marginal antimicrobial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the organic synthesis of cyclic nitrogen (N)-substituted imides. It states that acetic acid was used to produce amic acids from cyclic anhydrides and aniline. It mentions that amine has undergone acetic acid and cyclic anhydride treatment within 10 minutes and then sulfuric acid treatment for 45 minutes. It says that proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrocopy and infrared spectroscopy were used in the study. It adds that the products of the experiment underwent purification by silica gel column chromatography with the use of choloform.

Styrene oxide with high selectivity (>60%) at high conversion (>50%) can be produced in the biphasic epoxidation of styrene by t-butyl hydroperoxide, using easily separable potassium chromate or dichromate as catalyst in the presence of water; the reactants and products exist in the non-aqueous (organic) phase, while the catalyst exists in the aqueous phase. Both potassium chromate and dichromate catalysts show very high activity in the biphasic epoxidation; however, a more preferable catalyst is potassium chromate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

An ideal definition of early allograft dysfunction (EAD) after live donor liver transplantation (LDLT) remains elusive. The aim of the present study was to compare the diagnostic accuracies of existing EAD definitions, identify the predictors of early graft loss due to EAD, and formulate a new definition, estimating EAD-related mortality in LDLT recipients. Consecutive adult patients undergoing elective LDLT were analyzed. Patients with technical (vascular, biliary) complications and biopsy-proven rejections were excluded. There were 19 deaths due to EAD of a total of 304 patients. On applying the existing definitions of EAD, we revealed their limitations of being either too broad with low specificity or too restrictive with low sensitivity in patients with LDLT. A new definition of EAD-LDLT (total bilirubin >10 mg/dL, international normalized ratio [INR] > 1.6 and serum urea >100 mg/dL, for five consecutive days after day 7) was derived after doing a multivariate analysis. In receiver operator characteristics analysis, an AUC for EAD-LDLT was 0.86. The calibration and internal cross-validation of the new model confirmed its predictability. The new model of EAD-LDLT, based on total bilirubin >10 mg/dL, INR >1.6 and serum urea >100 mg/dL, for five consecutive days after day 7, has a better predictive value for mortality due to EAD in LDLT recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]