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The article presents the biological features of Arctium tomentosum Mill. in natural and sowing conditions, the changes in morpho-anatomical structure of vegetative organs in ontogenesis. The growth rate of the germinal root was quite active, and the formation of many lateral roots was observed at the juvenile stage of life. There was an increase of the neck of the germinal root in the immature state, the formation of primary and secondary lateral roots in length, and an increase in the level of growth of the germinal root in the virginal age state. In the generative state, in the second year of life, the lateral roots form two distinct layers. The seed shell in the natural environment is lamellar, without protein, the seed is well ripened. In the next juvenile state, it was observed that the components of the xylem and phloem were not fully formed in the leaf-like cotyledon, with an underdeveloped mesophyll, of a homogeneous type. The first anatomical features in the root structure have been clarified. The size and shape of mesophyll cells are stable, columnar and loose parenchyma are determined, conductive tissues are formed. The anatomical structure of the root undergoes a period of over-development. In the generative state, the size of the central cylinder increased in the structure of the root, the layer of cutin thickened on the leaves, and the layer of columnar mesophyll containing chlorophyll grains increased. There was an accumulation of idiotic cells and needle-like calcium oxalate druzes in the root. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, necessitating effective dietary interventions. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) searched the impacts of hazelnut consumption on blood lipids in hyperlipidemic adults, emphasizing innovative approaches to optimize outcomes. Two hundred hyperlipidemic adults were randomized into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received tailored hazelnut doses based on body weight for 12 weeks, while the control group maintained their usual diet. Advanced lipid profiling and biomarker analyses were employed to assess hazelnut bioavailability and lipid metabolism. Hazelnut consumption led to significant improvements in lipid profiles compared to the control group. Participants receiving higher hazelnut doses demonstrated greater reductions in total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and LDL cholesterol (p < 0.01), with sustained effects observed during a 12-week follow-up. Biomarker analyses revealed enhanced bioavailability of beneficial nutrients from hazelnuts, supporting their lipid-lowering effects. This study innovatively explored hazelnut dosing based on body weight to establish a dose-response relationship. Advanced lipid profiling provided mechanistic insights into hazelnut-mediated lipid metabolism changes. Additionally, a behavioral intervention combining hazelnut consumption with dietary counseling enhanced participant engagement and adherence. Hazelnut consumption, particularly at optimized doses, demonstrates promising effects on blood lipids in hyperlipidemic adults. Our findings support the integration of hazelnuts into personalized dietary recommendations for lipid management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chemical composition of Sedum ewersii Ledeb., a plant indigenous to Kazakhstan and traditionally utilized in folk medicine, was comprehensively investigated, with a focus on its various plant parts. Fresh samples collected in May 2023 from the Almaty region underwent hydrodistillation to extract volatile components, followed by analysis using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection, which identified a total of 71 compounds across different plant parts, including the root (underground part), root (aerial part), leaf, stem, and flowering aerial part. The predominant biologically active compound identified across all plant parts was Ethyl α-D-glucopyranoside. Monoterpenes, recognized as primary secondary metabolites, were notably abundant in each plant part, with varying compositions: the root (underground part) contained 28.58% aliphatic monoterpenes, 54.41% oxygenated monoterpenoids, 1.42% diterpenoids, and 15.59% other compounds; the root (aerial part) exhibited 1.34% aliphatic monoterpenes, 31.28% oxygenated monoterpenoids, 6.16% diterpenoids, and 61.22% other compounds; the stem and leaves showed 3.06% aliphatic monoterpenes, 21.49% oxygenated monoterpenoids, 17.99% diterpenoids, and 57.46% other compounds; and the flowering aerial part displayed 8.20% aliphatic monoterpenes, 53.18% oxygenated monoterpenoids, 23.75% diterpenoids, and 14.87% other compounds. Diterpenes, particularly Phytol, were prominently present in the leaf, stem, and flowering aerial parts. Additionally, a diverse array of organic acids, ketones, and phenolic compounds were identified across the plant parts, each potentially offering distinct pharmacological benefits. The presence of exclusive compounds in specific plant parts, such as Dihydroxyacetone in the root (aerial part), underscored the pharmacological diversity of S. ewersii. This study provides valuable insights into the chemical diversity and pharmacological potential of S. ewersii, suggesting promising applications in pharmaceutical and medicinal fields. Further research aimed at elucidating the individual and synergistic pharmacological effects of these compounds is crucial to fully harness the therapeutic benefits of this plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]