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To get more data on the geochemistry of Black Sea euxinic sediments, a 50-cm core was collected at a depth of 600 m on a Western Black Sea Continental Platform slope. The core contained unconsolidated sediments rich in cocoolithic ooze and mud. Epithermal Neutron and Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis were used to determine the content of nine major (Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, and Fe as oxides) and 32 trace elements (Cl, Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Th, and U) with a precision varying between 3 and 9%. The core contained unconsolidated sediment rich in coccolithic ooze and mud. Previous 210 Pb geochronology suggests an age of 1 ky of considered sediments. Major components distribution showed that, except for Cl and Ca, the contents of all other elements are similar to Upper Continental Crust (UCC) and North American Shale Composite (NASC). The distribution of the 32 trace elements showed similarities to the UCC, except for redox-sensitive metals Fe, Se, Mo, and U, of which the significantly higher content reflects the presence of euxinic conditions during deposition. A chondrite normalized plot of nine rare earth elements indicated a similarity to UCC and NASC, suggesting a continental origin of sedimentary material. (VLID)4590286

This paper presents results obtained in two projects of GeoEcoMar, which led from the study of extreme marine events and the inventory of marine geohazards to the creation of a real-time warning system for marine hazards in the Black Sea. Project Profet resulted in establishment of the main marine hazards that could trigger a tsunami-type event in the Black Sea, like earthquakes, active faults, landslides, gas hydrates, gas seeps and mud-volcanoes. Also, major tsunami-type events in the Black Sea were listed and described from various sources. Through project MARINEGEOHAZARD, the EUXINUS and GeoPontica networks have been established, which produce data for the National Data Centres in Constanţa and Varna. The EUXINUS network is a complex automatic marine measurement system, consisting of 5 measuring instruments installed in key points of the Western Black Sea shelf. 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PERSEUS project aims to identify the most relevant pressures exerted on the ecosystems of the Southern European Seas (SES), highlighting knowledge and data gaps that endanger the achievement of SES Good Environmental Status (GES) as mandated by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). A complementary approach has been adopted, by a meta-analysis of existing literature on pressure/impact/knowledge gaps summarized in tables related to the MSFD descriptors, discriminating open waters from coastal areas. A comparative assessment of the Initial Assessments (IAs) for five SES countries has been also independently performed. The comparison between meta-analysis results and IAs shows similarities for coastal areas only. Major knowledge gaps have been detected for the biodiversity, marine food web, marine litter and underwater noise descriptors. The meta-analysis also allowed the identification of additional research themes targeting research topics that are requested to the achievement of GES. 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license., peer-reviewed

The National Institute of Research and Developmentfor Marine Geology and Geoecology – GeoEcoMar was created in 1996 according to the Governmental Decision 1315/25.11.1996, by reorganizing the Romanian Centre for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology CRGGM (founded in 1993). Presently the National Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology - GeoEcoMar is the Romanian pole of excellence for research in marine, coastal and fluvial geology, geophysics and geo-ecology, as well as an international reference centre for Marine and Earth Sciences in the Black Sea region. In the last twenty years, GeoEcoMar has experienced a continuous scientific and financial growth, both at national and international levels. Since 1996 an “institute of national interest” due to its technical potential and scientific performances, GeoEcoMar`s main objective is to perform complex and multidisciplinary researches of sea – delta – river macro-systems, having as key focus the Black Sea – Danube Delta – Danube River system.

The investigations focused on two profiles from the Black Sea, placed in front of the Portiţa Mouth and in the south-eastern part of the Sahalin Island. Up to 40 m water depth, the samples from the Portiţa profile contain only reworked Mesozoic and Cenozoic calcareous nannoplankton taxa. In the same profile, the bloom of the calcareous nannoplankton species Emiliania huxleyi, together with abundant benthic foraminiferal taxa, were recorded in the first 11 cm of sediments, at below 40 m water depth. All the samples collected in the SE of Sahalin Island contain only Mesozoic and Cenozoic reworked calcareous nannoplankton taxa; no marine assemblages in situ were remarked.

The relation between the grain size composition TOC (total organic carbon) concentration was examined by linear and non-linear regression analysis of analytical data for more than 500 sediment samples from the NW Black Sea. A significant dependency of the TOC concentration on the percentages of clay and especially the

The paper is based on grain size analyses as well as on the macroscopic lithologic description of a large number of samples collected from the bottom of the Danube. Unlike previous papers on sedimentology, which were limited to the textural characterisation of sediments from the various sectors of the Danube, this paper attempts a new approach of the sediment dynamics. The interpretation of histograms, of cumulative curves or of the Passega diagram is used in the attempt to explain the dynamic and genetic reasons for the presence of a particular type of sediment in locations characterised by different environmental energy conditions.

The paper presents a part of the scientific activity of GEOECOMAR team during the IAEA project RER 2/003 Marine Environmental Assessment of the Black Sea Region, on board of R/V “Prof. Vodyanitskyi” and in laboratories. The Black Sea presents different sedimentological and geochemical characteristics in the eastern and western sub-basins. Whole sections of the Upper and Middle Holocene sediments were revealed in most cores recovered from the whole Black Sea basin. Scientific methods (grain size, X ray investigations, rate of sedimentation and radiogenic measurements, geochemistry characteristics of water and sediments) showed the general distribution of the bottom sediments, at the surface and downward, syn- and postdepositional sedimentary structures, lithological and geochemical compositions. As a result of detailed sedimentological studies in the whole Black Sea basin, for the first time a complete picture of the current grain size composition in the Upper Holocene sediment sections, was obtained. The data show that the deposits were accumulated in rather variable lithodynamic conditions (e.g. shelf, continental rise, abyssal plain). Processes of redeposition (e.g. turbiditic currents) have played an important role. At some stages "zero sedimentation" dominated, and during other periods scanty terrigenous material was accumulated.

In 1998, GEOECOMAR started the transformation of the SOMES trawler into the first Romanian multidisciplinary research vessel in Romania. In 2002, the vessel, renamed MARE NIGRUM, was inaugurated by the Romanian Prime minister and by the Secretary of State for Scientific Research. Between 2002 and 2004, Mare Nigrum performed many cruises through national research programmes such as MENER and CERES, and for private companies. In 2005, Mare Nigrum will start to participate in other national and international projects (e.g. ASSEMBLAGE)