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15. desc_testmanual

Author

Forkmann, T., Böcker, M., Wirtz, M., Gauggel, S., and Norra, C.

Abstract

Das Rasch-basierte Depressionsscreening (DESC) ist ein Selbstbeurteilungsfragebogen, der sowohl zur Beurteilung der Depressionsschwere als auch als Screeningverfahren für eine Depressive Episode eingesetzt werden kann. Er wurde unter Verwendung der Rasch-Analyse - eines Verfahrens aus der Familie der Item Response Modelle - und Strukturgleichungsmodellierung entwickelt und besteht aus zwei parallelen Formen zu je 10 Items. Es ist besonders geeignet für die Depressionsdiagnostik bei körperlich erkrankten Menschen sowie – durch seine beiden parallelen Formen – für wiederholte Testungen und Verlaufsmessungen. Das DESC besteht aus jeweils 10 Items zur Messung von Depressivität in zwei parallelen Formen. Beide Formen sind eindimensional, so dass die Auswertung durch einfache Aufsummierung erfolgt. Die Items beginnen alle mit „Wie oft in den letzten zwei Wochen…“ und orientieren sich damit im Bezugszeitraum an den gängigen Klassifikationssystemen ICD-10 und DSM-IV. Die Items sind fünfstufig Likert-skaliert von nie (0) bis immer (4). Die Testdurchführung dauert in der Regel deutlich weniger als fünf Minuten. Die Interpretation kann mittels Cut-off-Vergleichs (Summenwert ≥ 12 spricht für das Vorliegen einer depressiven Episode) als auch mittels Verwendung der zur Verfügung stehenden Normtabellen (N=2509, bevölkerungsrepräsentative Stichprobe) erfolgen. Es liegen Daten zu Validität, Reliabilität, Sensitivität und Spezifität des DESC vor, die auf sehr gute psychometrische Eigenschaften des Instrumentes hinweisen.

Published
2011
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18. Theories of Delusional Disorders : An Update and review

Author

Kunert, H J, Norra, C, Hoff, Paul, University of Zurich, and Kunert, H J

Subjects
2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health, 10054 Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, 3203 Clinical Psychology, 610 Medicine & health
Published
2007

19. Facharztweiterbildung Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie.

Author

Driessen, M., Hötger, B., Kronmüller, K., Fliegel, S., Münstermann, S., Schelp, B., Schaeffer, S., Breder, R., Norra, C., Vieten, B., and Bender, S.

Abstract

Copyright of Der Nervenarzt is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2017
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20. Electrophysiological evidence for altered early cerebral somatosensory signal processing in schizophrenia

Author

Waberski, T D, Norra, C, Kawohl, W, Thyerlei, D, Hock, D, Klostermann, F, Curio, G, Buchner, H, Hoff, P, Gobbele, R, University of Zurich, and Waberski, T D

Subjects
3206 Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, 2805 Cognitive Neuroscience, 2807 Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, 2806 Developmental Neuroscience, 3205 Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, 10054 Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, 2808 Neurology, 2800 General Neuroscience, 610 Medicine & health, 2803 Biological Psychiatry
Published
2004

25. Mismatch negativity generation in the human 5HT2A agonist and NMDA antagonist model of psychosis

Author

Heekeren, K, Daumann, J, Neukirch, A, Stock, C, Kawohl, W, Norra, C, Waberski, T D, Gouzoulis-Mayfrank, E, Heekeren, K, Daumann, J, Neukirch, A, Stock, C, Kawohl, W, Norra, C, Waberski, T D, and Gouzoulis-Mayfrank, E

Abstract

RATIONALE: Many studies have reported deficits of mismatch negativity (MMN) in schizophrenic patients. Pharmacological challenges with hallucinogens in healthy humans are used as models for psychotic states. Previous studies reported a significant reduction of MMN after ketamine (N-methyl-D-aspartate acid [NMDA] antagonist model) but not after psilocybin (5HT2A agonist model). OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to directly compare the two models of psychosis using an intraindividual crossover design. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen healthy subjects participated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study with a low and a high dose of the 5HT2A agonist dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and the NMDA antagonist S-ketamine. During electroencephalographic recording, the subjects were performing the AX-version of a continuous performance test (AX-CPT). A source analysis of MMN was performed on the basis of a four-source model of MMN generation. RESULTS: Nine subjects completed both experimental days with the two doses of both drugs. Overall, we found blunted MMN and performance deficits in the AX-CPT after both drugs. However, the reduction in MMN activity was overall more pronounced after S-ketamine intake, and only S-ketamine had a significant impact on the frontal source of MMN. CONCLUSIONS: The NDMA antagonist model and the 5HT2A agonist model of psychosis display distinct neurocognitive profiles. These findings are in line with the view of the two classes of hallucinogens modeling different aspects of psychosis.

Published
2008

33. High-frequency somatosensory thalamocortical oscillations and psychopathology in schizophrenia

Author

Norra, C, Waberski, T D, Kawohl, W, Kunert, H J, Hock, D, Gobbele, R, Buchner, H, Hoff, P; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-414X, Norra, C, Waberski, T D, Kawohl, W, Kunert, H J, Hock, D, Gobbele, R, Buchner, H, and Hoff, P; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-414X

Abstract

Human cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), which are presumably generated in afferent thalamocortical and early cortical fibers, reveal a burst of superimposed early (N20) high-frequency oscillations (HFOs), around 600 Hz. There is increasing evidence of an imbalance of thalamocortical systems in schizophrenic patients. In order to assess correlations between somatosensory evoked oscillations and symptoms of schizophrenia, we investigated median nerve SEPs in 20 inpatients and their age-matched and gender-matched healthy controls using a multichannel EEG. Dipole source analysis and wavelet transformation were performed before and after application of a 450-Hz high-pass filter. In schizophrenics, the maximum HFOs occurred with a significantly prolonged latency. There was also a higher amplitude (energy) in the low-frequency range of the N20 component compared with the controls. Importantly, amplitudes (energy) of HFOs were inversely correlated with symptoms of formal thought disorder and delusions. Alterations of the thalamocortical somatosensory signal processing in schizophrenia with absence of an early HFO – assumed to be of inhibitory nature – could indicate a dysfunctional thalamic inhibition with increased amplitudes of N20, paralleled by enhanced positive schizophrenic symptoms.

Published
2004

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