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The aim of this work was to obtain cobalt nanoparticles through a physical method, which could be formed simultaneously during the Catalytic Chemical Vapour Deposition (CCVD) synthesis of carbon nanotubes, under conditions suitable for both carbon nanotube synthesis and Co-nanoparticle formation. Co nanoparticles were prepared by Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) using a 0.05 m3 magnetron on two different substrates, SiO2/Si and C, followed by a reduction treatment in an H2 atmosphere. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Field Enhanced Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to characterize the Co nanoparticles. On the SiO2/Si substrate, cobalt silicate is formed, which stabilizes the Co nanoparticles, while the nanoparticles obtained on the C-substrate are sometimes surrounded by a layer of Co3O4, which deactivates the cobalt nanoparticles. To obtain suitable Co nanoparticles for carbon nanotube synthesis, the optimal Co-layer thickness is between 20 and 30 Å, and the optimal reduction temperature is 800 °C and 450 °C for SiO2/Si and C substrates, respectively.

Abstract Background Worldwide, most adolescent girls do not meet physical activity (PA) recommendations and very few PA programs are tailored specifically towards them. Even fewer information exists about the long-term effects of such programs. Some Canadian schools have implemented the FitSpirit PA intervention designed specifically for girls aged 12 to 17 years old. This paper describes the protocol of a quasi-experimental study evaluating long-term changes in health behaviours and outcomes following FitSpirit participation. Methods The study is conducted among schools that partner with FitSpirit every year. It started in 2018 and will be completed in 2022. The intervention comprises motivational talks, a turnkey running program, PA sessions and special events. Study participants fill out an online questionnaire twice a year. Follow-up questionnaires are sent at the end of each school year to the study participants who dropout from FitSpirit. The main outcome, changes in PA levels, is evaluated using questions validated for adolescents. Secondary outcomes are health (perceived health); lifestyle habits (sedentary activities, eating and sleeping habits); psychosocial outcomes (physical self-efficacy and body satisfaction); and FitSpirit appreciation (activity participation and satisfaction). Most questions originate from questionnaires validated for the adolescent population. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses will be performed. Discussion This study will provide one of the first longitudinal reports on the impact of a large extra-curricular PA intervention designed specifically for adolescent girls. The current study will uniquely contribute to PA research by assessing outcomes additional to PA levels, including markers of health, lifestyle habits and psychosocial determinants. Trial registration NCT, NCT03804151 , Registered on January 22, 2019; retrospectively registered.

Previous research in sociology has shown that what is considered as sanity or mental health is described according to a social ideal. Mental health problems have been theorized as a deviance from such norms. Depression, in particular, has been the object of sociological contemplation due to its divergence from a Western social normativity focused on functionality, adaptation and productivity. This research adds to this body of work on depression as a deviation from social norms. It seeks to address a gap within the literature, by exploring the ways in which the “post-depressive” state may be defined in accordance with social norms. As such, it analyzes the links between “post-depression” and normality, from the perspective of individuals having lived with depression. 46 semi-structured interviews were conducted with Canadians individuals who have experienced depression. Results from our content analysis show that the absence of depression was often synonymous with normality and characterized by the following dimensions: a positive attitude; the potential to take action; functionality and performance; self-management; a positive relationship with others; and the notion of meaningful projects. Our results show that participants do not define the absence of depression following psychiatric or clinical indicators, as recorded in the DSM, and that they do not consider it to be a return to an anterior, pre-depression, state. Rather, post-depression is idealized, perceived as a state of unfailing conformity to social expectations and norms.

The BASECOL database has been created and scientifically enriched since 2004. It contains collisional excitation rate coefficients of molecules for application to the interstellar medium and to cometary atmospheres. Recently, major technical updates have been performed in order to be compliant with international standards for management of data and in order to provide a more friendly environment to query and to present the data. The current paper aims at presenting the key features of the technical updates and to underline the compatibility of BASECOL database with the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Center. This latter aims to interconnect atomic and molecular databases, thus providing a single location where users can access atomic and molecular data.

This paper presents an overview of the current status of the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre (VAMDC) e-infrastructure, including the current status of the VAMDC-connected (or to be connected) databases, updates on the latest technological development within the infrastructure and a presentation of some application tools that make use of the VAMDC e-infrastructure. We analyse the past 10 years of VAMDC development and operation, and assess their impact both on the field of atomic and molecular (A&M) physics itself and on heterogeneous data management in international cooperation. The highly sophisticated VAMDC infrastructure and the related databases developed over this long term make them a perfect resource of sustainable data for future applications in many fields of research. However, we also discuss the current limitations that prevent VAMDC from becoming the main publishing platform and the main source of A&M data for user communities, and present possible solutions under investigation by the consortium. Several user application examples are presented, illustrating the benefits of VAMDC in current research applications, which often need the A&M data from more than one database. Finally, we present our vision for the future of VAMDC.

This paper is intended to give a comprehensive overview of the current status and developments of the Paris Observatory STARK-B, MOLAT and SESAM databases which can be interrogated thanks to interoperability tools. The STARK-B database provides shifting and broadening parameters of different atomic and ionic transitions due to impacts with charged particles (the so-called Stark broadening) for different temperatures and densities. The spectroscopic MOLAT and SESAM databases provide the wavelengths, the oscillator strengths or Einstein spontaneous emission coefficients of H 2 , CO and isotopologues molecules.

VAMDC bridged the gap between atomic and molecular (A&M) producers and users by providing an interoperable e-infrastructure connecting A&M databases, as well as tools to extract and manipulate those data. The current paper highlights how the new paradigms for data citation produced by the Research Data Alliance in order to address the citation issues in the data-driven science landscape, have successfully been implemented on the VAMDC e-infrastructure.

VAMDC bridged the gap between atomic and molecular (A&M) producers and users through providing an interoperable e-infrastructure connecting A&M databases, as well as tools to extract and manipulate those data. The current paper highlights the usage of the VAMDC Portal, recalls how data citation is implemented within VAMDC and provides insights about usage of VAMDC that will increase the impact factor of A&M producers and will offer a more reliable citation of A&M datasets included in application fields.