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Effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 H 2 O) on the content of chlorophyll (a + b), chlorophyll a/b ratio, proline, protein and abscisic acid in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) seedlings has been investigated. One-week-old seedlings were grown at cadmium concentration of 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09 mM for ten days in Hoagland's solution. Elevated cadmium levels increased the abscisic acid contents in roots, shoots and leaves of seedlings. An increase of proline in the leaves of seedlings exposed to cadmium occurred, as well as a decrease of chlorophyll (a + b) and total protein ( p [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women. Early-onset breast cancer is well recognized as it clinically differs from old-age diagnosed breast neoplasms. TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism relates to the risk of breast neoplasms, but this relationship in Turkish early-onset breast cancer patients has not been investigated yet. We aimed to search the relationship between TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism and young Turkish breast cancer patients., Materials and Methods: Ninety-six female breast cancer patients who were ≤ 40 years of age and 96 healthy controls were enrolled in our study. Participants were genotyped by the hybridization probe system., Results: We identified that the genotype frequencies of rs1042522 were significantly different between controls and cases ( P = 0.027). Participants carrying CG genotype had also reduced breast cancer risk (odds ratio = 0.4196, 95% confidence interval: 0.1941-0.9067, P = 0.027). Our results revealed that there is an association between GG and CG + CC genotype groups with progesterone receptor (PgR) status ( P = 0.0219)., Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the CG genotype is a protective factor against breast neoplasms. No other clinicopathologic parameters except for PgR status were found to be related to rs1042522 polymorphism in young Turkish breast cancer patients., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.)

Effect of cadmium on barley seeds treated with kinetin and gibberellic acid was investigated. As usual, cadmium has inhibited seed germination, and showed important inhibitory effects on roots and coleoptile growth after germination. In general, increase in cadmium concentration caused a greater inhibition of germination, root and coleoptile growth. The adverse effect of cadmium on root and coleoptile growth was more pronounced than that on germination. While testa was pierced by radicle (an indication of germination), no root or coleoptile development was observed above at concentration of 3-9.5 mM CdCl2xH2O. Low concentrations of cadmium have inhibited the root growth more than it did on coleoptile growth. Treatment of seeds with gibberellic acid and kinetin did not show any significant difference on the effect of cadmium in germination. However, inhibition of coleoptile elongation by cadmium has decreased a very much after kinetin application. The same result, although with lower rates when compared to kinetin, has been obtained for GA3 as well. In addition, the inhibitory effect of cadmium on root growth increased even more after kinetin application. The results have been found statistically significant through the least significant different (LSD) test at levels ofp < 0.05 and p < 0.01.