99 results on '"Morais, Ana Heloneida de A."'
Search Results
2. Peptides Evaluated In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo as Therapeutic Tools for Obesity: A Systematic Review.
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Aguiar, Ana Júlia Felipe Camelo, de Medeiros, Wendjilla Fortunato, da Silva-Maia, Juliana Kelly, Bezerra, Ingrid Wilza Leal, Piuvezam, Grasiela, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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MOLECULAR conformation ,RICE bran ,CACAO ,MOLECULAR dynamics ,HIPPOPHAE rhamnoides ,SESAME - Abstract
Bioinformatics has emerged as a valuable tool for screening drugs and understanding their effects. This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether in silico studies using anti-obesity peptides targeting therapeutic pathways for obesity, when subsequently evaluated in vitro and in vivo, demonstrated effects consistent with those predicted in the computational analysis. The review was framed by the question: "What peptides or proteins have been used to treat obesity in in silico studies?" and structured according to the acronym PECo. The systematic review protocol was developed and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022355540) in accordance with the PRISMA-P, and all stages of the review adhered to these guidelines. Studies were sourced from the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Heath Library, and EMBASE. The search strategies resulted in 1015 articles, of which, based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 7 were included in this systematic review. The anti-obesity peptides identified originated from various sources including bovine alpha-lactalbumin from cocoa seed (Theobroma cacao L.), chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.), rice bran (Oryza sativa), sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), sea buckthorn seed flour (Hippophae rhamnoides), and adzuki beans (Vigna angularis). All articles underwent in vitro and in vivo reassessment and used molecular docking methodology in their in silico studies. Among the studies included in the review, 46.15% were classified as having an "uncertain risk of bias" in six of the thirteen criteria evaluated. The primary target investigated was pancreatic lipase (n = 5), with all peptides targeting this enzyme demonstrating inhibition, a finding supported both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, other peptides were identified as PPARγ and PPARα agonists (n = 2). Notably, all peptides exhibited different mechanisms of action in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. The findings of this systematic review underscore the effectiveness of computational simulation as a screening tool, providing crucial insights and guiding in vitro and in vivo investigations for the discovery of novel anti-obesity peptides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. In Silico Screening of Therapeutic Targets as a Tool to Optimize the Development of Drugs and Nutraceuticals in the Treatment of Diabetes mellitus : A Systematic Review.
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Gomes, Ana Francisca T., de Medeiros, Wendjilla F., Medeiros, Isaiane, Piuvezam, Grasiela, da Silva-Maia, Juliana Kelly, Bezerra, Ingrid Wilza L., and Morais, Ana Heloneida de A.
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DRUG development ,MOLECULAR dynamics ,DRUG target ,DESIGNER drugs ,MOLECULAR docking - Abstract
The Target-Based Virtual Screening approach is widely employed in drug development, with docking or molecular dynamics techniques commonly utilized for this purpose. This systematic review (SR) aimed to identify in silico therapeutic targets for treating Diabetes mellitus (DM) and answer the question: What therapeutic targets have been used in in silico analyses for the treatment of DM? The SR was developed following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items Checklist for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, in accordance with the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022353808). Studies that met the PECo strategy (Problem, Exposure, Context) were included using the following databases: Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Virtual Health Library. A total of 20 articles were included, which not only identified therapeutic targets in silico but also conducted in vivo analyses to validate the obtained results. The therapeutic targets most frequently indicated in in silico studies were GLUT4, DPP-IV, and PPARγ. In conclusion, a diversity of targets for the treatment of DM was verified through both in silico and in vivo reassessment. This contributes to the discovery of potential new allies for the treatment of DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Proteins and Peptides Studied In Silico and In Vivo for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.
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Medeiros, Isaiane, Gomes, Ana Francisca Teixeira, Oliveira e Silva, Emilly Guedes, Bezerra, Ingrid Wilza Leal, da Silva Maia, Juliana Kelly, Piuvezam, Grasiela, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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Bioinformatics has expedited the screening of new efficient therapeutic agents for diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM). The objective of this systematic review (SR) was to understand naturally occurring proteins and peptides studied in silico and subsequently reevaluated in vivo for treating DM, guided by the question: which peptides or proteins have been studied in silico for the treatment of diabetes mellitus? The RS protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database. Articles meeting the eligibility criteria were selected from the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library (VHL), and EMBASE databases. Five studies that investigated peptides or proteins analyzed in silico and in vivo were selected. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the adapted Strengthening the Reporting of Empirical Simulation Studies (STRESS) tool. A diverse range of assessed proteins and/or peptides that had a natural origin were investigated in silico and corresponding in vivo reevaluation demonstrated reductions in glycemia and/or insulin, morphological enhancements in pancreatic β cells, and alterations in the gene expression of markers associated with DM. The in silico studies outlined offer crucial insights into therapeutic strategies for DM, along with promising leads for screening novel therapeutic agents in future trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Experimental Protocols Used to Mimic Gastrointestinal Protein Digestion: A Systematic Review.
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Luz, Anna Beatriz Santana, de Medeiros, Amanda Fernandes, de Medeiros, Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva, Piuvezam, Grasiela, Passos, Thaís Souza, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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Bioactive peptides derived from native proteins modulate physiological processes in the metabolic pathways. Given that multiple protocols in the literature mimic the digestion of dietary components, gathering studies that use such models directed at protein digestion processes is critical. This systematic review aimed to gather evidence that adopted adequate experimental models to simulate human protein digestion. The databases searched were PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Embase, Virtual Health Library, and Scopus. A total of 1985 articles were found, resulting in 20 eligible in vitro studies. The Office of Health Assessment and Translation was used to evaluate methodological quality. Seven studies used plant-based protein sources, twelve used animal protein sources, and one used both. The duration of the oral phase varied, although 60% of the studies employed a protein digestion period of 120 min. Amylase, pepsin, and pancreatin enzymes were utilized in 40% of the studies, with pH levels of 7, 3, and 7, respectively, during the oral, gastric, and intestinal phases. The INFOGEST harmonized static model was adopted by 65% of the studies; INFOGEST is the most effective model for simulating gastrointestinal protein processes in humans and can be used to answer several research questions because it describes experimental conditions close to the human physiological situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Obesity and Nutrigenetics Testing: New Insights
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Duarte, Mychelle Kytchia Rodrigues Nunes, primary, Leite-Lais, Lúcia, additional, Agnez-Lima, Lucymara Fassarella, additional, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2024
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7. Innovative Biomedical and Technological Strategies for the Control of Bacterial Growth and Infections
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Matias, Lídia Leonize Rodrigues, primary, Damasceno, Karla Suzanne Florentino da Silva Chaves, additional, Pereira, Annemberg Salvino, additional, Passos, Thaís Souza, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araujo, additional
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- 2024
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8. Antioxidant stability enhancement of carotenoid rich-extract from Cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo L.) nanoencapsulated in gelatin under different storage conditions
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de Oliveira, Grazielle Louise Ribeiro, Medeiros, Isaiane, Nascimento, Sara Sayonara da Cruz, Viana, Rony Lucas Silva, Porto, Dayanne Lopes, Rocha, Hugo Alexandre Oliveira, Aragão, Cícero Flávio Soares, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, de Assis, Cristiane Fernandes, Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, and Passos, Thaís Souza
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- 2021
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9. Anti-Obesity Therapeutic Targets Studied In Silico and In Vivo: A Systematic Review.
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de Medeiros, Wendjilla F., Gomes, Ana Francisca T., Aguiar, Ana Júlia F. C., de Queiroz, Jaluza Luana C., Bezerra, Ingrid Wilza L., da Silva-Maia, Juliana Kelly, Piuvezam, Grasiela, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de A.
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DRUG target ,INFORMATION technology ,RESEARCH questions ,MOLECULAR docking ,SOFTWARE development tools - Abstract
In the age of information technology and the additional computational search tools and software available, this systematic review aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets for obesity, evaluated in silico and subsequently validated in vivo. The systematic review was initially guided by the research question "What therapeutic targets have been used in in silico analysis for the treatment of obesity?" and structured based on the acronym PECo (P, problem; E, exposure; Co, context). The systematic review protocol was formulated and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022353808) in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items Checklist for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P), and the PRISMA was followed for the systematic review. The studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria, aligned with PECo, in the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, BVS, and EMBASE. The search strategy yielded 1142 articles, from which, based on the evaluation criteria, 12 were included in the systematic review. Only seven these articles allowed the identification of both in silico and in vivo reassessed therapeutic targets. Among these targets, five were exclusively experimental, one was exclusively theoretical, and one of the targets presented an experimental portion and a portion obtained by modeling. The predominant methodology used was molecular docking and the most studied target was Human Pancreatic Lipase (HPL) (n = 4). The lack of methodological details resulted in more than 50% of the papers being categorized with an "unclear risk of bias" across eight out of the eleven evaluated criteria. From the current systematic review, it seems evident that integrating in silico methodologies into studies of potential drug targets for the exploration of new therapeutic agents provides an important tool, given the ongoing challenges in controlling obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Nanoencapsulation improved water solubility and color stability of carotenoids extracted from Cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo L.)
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Medeiros, Anny Karoliny de Oliveira Cavalcanti, Gomes, Camila de Carvalho, Amaral, Mary Louize Querino de Araújo, Medeiros, Luciana Daniela Gurgel de, Medeiros, Isaiane, Porto, Dayanne Lopes, Aragão, Cícero Flávio Soares, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, and Passos, Thais Souza
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- 2019
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11. Antibacterial action mechanisms of trypsin inhibitors: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
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de Souza Nascimento, Amanda Maria, Rodrigues Matias, Lídia Leonize, de Oliveira Segundo, Victor Hugo, Piuvezam, Grasiela, Passos, Thaís Souza, Damasceno, Karla Suzanne Florentino da Silva Chaves, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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- 2021
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12. Efficacy of Carotenoid-Loaded Gelatin Nanoparticles in Reducing Plasma Cytokines and Adipocyte Hypertrophy in Wistar Rats
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Queiroz, Jaluza Luana C. de, primary, Medeiros, Isaiane, additional, Lima, Mayara S. R., additional, Carvalho, Fabiana Maria C. de, additional, Camillo, Christina S., additional, Santos, Pedro Paulo de A., additional, Guerra, Gerlane C. B., additional, da Silva, Valéria C., additional, Schroeder, Helena T., additional, Krause, Mauricio, additional, Morais, Ana Heloneida de A., additional, and Passos, Thaís S., additional
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- 2023
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13. In silico structure-based design of peptides or proteins as therapeutic tools for obesity or diabetes mellitus: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis
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Medeiros, Isaiane, primary, Aguiar, Ana Júlia Felipe Camelo, additional, Fortunato, Wendjilla Medeiros, additional, Teixeira, Ana Francisca Gomes, additional, Oliveira e Silva, Emilly Guedes, additional, Bezerra, Ingrid Wilza Leal, additional, Maia, Juliana Kelly da Silva, additional, Piuvezam, Grasiela, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2023
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14. Prospecting in silico antibacterial activity of a peptide from trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seed.
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Oliveira, Gerciane Silva de, Nascimento, Amanda Maria de Souza, Luz, Anna Beatriz Santana, Aguiar, Ana Júlia Felipe Camelo, Lima, Mayara Santa Rosa, Matias, Lídia Leonize Rodrigues, Amado, Isabel Rodríguez, Passos, Thais Souza, Damasceno, Karla Suzane Florentino da Silva Chaves, Monteiro, Norberto de Kássio Vieira, Moreira, Susana Margarida Gomes, Pastrana, Lorenzo, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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PEPTIDES ,ANTIBACTERIAL agents ,TRYPSIN inhibitors ,BACTERIAL diseases ,ANTIMICROBIAL peptides ,MOLECULAR dynamics ,TRYPSIN - Abstract
Bacterial infections have become a global concern, stimulating the growing demand for natural and biologically safe therapeutic agents with antibacterial action. This study was evaluated the genotoxicity of the trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seeds (TTI) and the antibacterial effect of TTI theoric model, number 56, and conformation number 287 (TTIp 56/287) and derived peptides in silico. TTI (0.3 and 0.6 mg.mL
−1 ) did not cause genotoxicity in cells (p > 0.05). In silico, a greater interaction of TTIp 56/287 with the Gram-positive membrane (GP) was observed, with an interaction potential energy (IPE) of −1094.97 kcal.mol−1 . In the TTIp 56/287-GP interaction, the Arginine, Threonine (Thr), and Lysine residues presented lower IPE. In molecular dynamics (MD), Peptidotrychyme59 (TVSQTPIDIPIGLPVR) showed an IPE of −518.08 kcal.mol−1 with the membrane of GP bacteria, and the Thr and Arginine residues showed the greater IPE. The results highlight new perspectives on TTI and its derived peptides antibacterial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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15. Encapsulated Peptides and Proteins with an Effect on Satiety
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Costa, Rafael O. de A., primary, Passos, Thaís S., additional, Silva, Eloyse Mikaelly de S., additional, dos Santos, Nicolle Caroline S., additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de A., additional
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- 2023
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16. Mechanisms of action of molecules with anti-TNF-alpha activity on intestinal barrier inflammation: A systematic review protocol
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Lima, Mayara Santa Rosa, Lima, Vanessa Cristina Oliveira de, Piuvezam, Grasiela, Azevedo, Kesley Pablo Morais de, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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- 2019
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17. Mechanism of the action of bioactive proteins of vegetables in diabetes mellitus type 2: Systematic review protocol
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Medeiros, Amanda Fernandes de, Costa, Izael de Sousa, Piuvezam, Grasiela, Medeiros, Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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- 2019
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18. In silico structure-based designers of therapeutic targets for diabetes mellitus or obesity: A protocol for systematic review
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Gomes, Ana Francisca Teixeira, primary, de Medeiros, Wendjilla Fortunato, additional, de Oliveira, Gerciane Silva, additional, Medeiros, Isaiane, additional, Maia, Juliana Kelly da Silva, additional, Bezerra, Ingrid Wilza Leal, additional, Piuvezam, Grasiela, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2022
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19. Prospecting in silico antibacterial activity of a peptide from trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seed
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Oliveira, Gerciane Silva de, primary, Nascimento, Amanda Maria de Souza, additional, Luz, Anna Beatriz Santana, additional, Aguiar, Ana Júlia Felipe Camelo, additional, Lima, Mayara Santa Rosa, additional, Matias, Lídia Leonize Rodrigues, additional, Amado, Isabel Rodríguez, additional, Passos, Thais Souza, additional, Damasceno, Karla Suzane Florentino da Silva Chaves, additional, Monteiro, Norberto de Kássio Vieira, additional, Moreira, Susana Margarida Gomes, additional, Pastrana, Lorenzo, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2022
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20. Anti-tryptic activity in seed and food product of chia (Salvia hispanica L.)/Atividade antitriptica em semente e produto alimenticio de chia (Salvia hispanica L.)
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de Souza, Ana Paula Araujo, Nascimento, Lorena Maria Araujo Marinheiro, de Lima, Vanessa Cristina Oliveira, de Carvalho, Fabiana Maria Coimbra, Santos, Elizeu Antunes dos, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araujo
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- 2017
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21. Intestinal Barrier Permeability in Obese Individuals with or without Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review
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Bona, Mariana Duarte, primary, Torres, Carlos Henrique de Medeiros, additional, Lima, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha, additional, Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional, Lima, Aldo Ângelo Moreira, additional, and Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, additional
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- 2022
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22. Anti-inflammatory agents as modulators of the inflammation in adipose tissue: A systematic review
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da Cruz Nascimento, Sara Sayonara, primary, Carvalho de Queiroz, Jaluza Luana, additional, Fernandes de Medeiros, Amanda, additional, de França Nunes, Ana Clara, additional, Piuvezam, Grasiela, additional, Lima Maciel, Bruna Leal, additional, Souza Passos, Thaís, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2022
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23. Mechanisms of action of anti-inflammatory proteins and peptides with anti-TNF-alpha activity and their effects on the intestinal barrier: A systematic review
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Lima, Mayara Santa Rosa, primary, de Lima, Vanessa Cristina Oliveira, additional, Piuvezam, Grasiela, additional, de Azevedo, Kesley Pablo Morais, additional, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2022
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24. Artificial Dyes: Health Risks and the Need for Revision of International Regulations.
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Mota, Isadora Gomes Cavalcante, Neves, Renata Alexandra Moreira Das, Nascimento, Sara Sayonara Da Cruz, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, Morais, Ana Heloneida De Araújo, and Passos, Thaís Souza
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COLORING matter in food ,DYES & dyeing ,WORLD health - Abstract
A narrative review was performed based on international regulations and health risks associated to artificial dyes' consumption in countries as the United State, European Union, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Brazil, China, and India. Publications indicate that synthetic dyes can cause adverse effects. Some countries carry out constant legislation reviews to exclude or reduce the food dyes' acceptable daily intake (ADI). The United States and India are more rigid, permitting, respectively, nine and eight colorants, and EU countries frequently altered or recommend a temporary ADI. Others, such as Brazil, need to review the substance's permission to guarantee industrialized foods' safe consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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25. Artificial Dyes: Health Risks and the Need for Revision of International Regulations
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Mota, Isadora Gomes Cavalcante, primary, Neves, Renata Alexandra Moreira Das, additional, Nascimento, Sara Sayonara Da Cruz, additional, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, additional, Morais, Ana Heloneida De Araújo, additional, and Passos, Thaís Souza, additional
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- 2021
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26. Antitryptic activity of proteins from pulps and seeds of tropical fruits/Atividade antitriptica de proteinas em polpas e sementes de frutas tropicais
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Bezerra, Agnes Denise De Lima, Barbosa, Claudia Renata Montenegro, De Carvalho, Fabiana Maria Coimbra, Serquiz, Alexandre Coelho, and Morais, Ana Heloneida De Araujo
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- 2014
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27. Obesity and the increased risk for COVID-19: mechanisms and nutritional management
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Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, primary, Passos, Thais Sousa, additional, de Lima Vale, Sancha Helena, additional, da Silva Maia, Juliana Kelly, additional, and Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, additional
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- 2020
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28. Nutritional status, diet and viral respiratory infections: perspectives for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
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Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, primary, Aquino, Jailane de Souza, additional, da Silva-Maia, Juliana Kelly, additional, Vale, Sancha Helena de Lima, additional, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, additional, and Passos, Thaís Sousa, additional
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- 2020
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29. Obesity and the increased risk for COVID-19: mechanisms and nutritional management.
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Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, Passos, Thais Sousa, de Lima Vale, Sancha Helena, da Silva Maia, Juliana Kelly, and Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima
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OBESITY complications , *COVID-19 - Abstract
The global COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic has become a complex problem that overlaps with a growing public health problem, obesity. Obesity alters different components of the innate and adaptive immune responses, creating a chronic and low-grade state of inflammation. Nutritional status is closely related to a better or worse prognosis of viral infections. Excess weight has been recognised as a risk factor for COVID-19 complications. In addition to the direct risk, obesity triggers other diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, increasing the risk of severe COVID-19. The present review explains the diets that induce obesity and the importance of different foods in this process. We also review tissue disruption in obesity, leading to impaired immune responses and the possible mechanisms by which obesity and its co-morbidities increase COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Nutritional strategies that support the immune system in patients with obesity and with COVID-19 are also discussed in light of the available data, considering the severity of the infection. The discussions held may contribute to combating this global emergency and planning specific public health policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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30. Caracterização físico-química de inibidor de tripsina isolado de sementes de tamarindo (Tamarindus indica l.) Nanoencapsulado em proteína do leite isolada / Physicochemical characterization of trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seeds (Tamarindus indica l.) Nanoencapsulated in isolated milk protein
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Oliveira, Gerciane Silva de, Costa, Rafael Oliveira de Araújo, Pais, Tatiana dos Santos, Gomes, Ana Francisca Teixeira, Matias, Lídia Leonize Rodrigues, Medeiros, Amanda Fernandes de, Queiroz, Jaluza Luana Carvalho de, Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, and Passos, Thaís Souza
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nanoencapsulamento ,Inibidor de tripsina isolado ,Tamarindus indica L - Abstract
Introdução: O inibidor de tripsina isolado de sementes de tamarindo (Tamarindus indica L.) (ITT) apresenta ação sacietogênica e anti-inflamatória em modelo experimental. Associado a isto, a encapsulação de proteínas bioativas atua promovendo uma melhora e prolongamento da ação destes ativos.Objetivo: Avaliar o nanoencapsulamento deste inibidor em proteína isolada do leite. Metodologia:O inibidor foi extraído das sementes de tamarindo e isolado por meio de cromatografia de afinidade em Tripsina-Sepharose. Posteriormente, foi encapsulado por meio da técnica de nanoprecipitação em solvente orgânico, na proporção ITT: proteína do soro do leite isolada de 1:4 (p/p). As partículas obtidas foram caracterizadas por diferentes métodos físico-químicos e, avaliadas quanto à eficiência de incorporação. Resultados:A micrografia do encapsulado mostrou a formação de nanopartículas esféricas (83.80 nm (5.80)) (figura 01), com tamanhos heterogêneos, corroborando com a difração laser (Índice de Polidispersão de 0.6 (0.080)), sem depressões e, de acordo com a análise de potencial zeta, instáveis e, com tendência a agregação. As análises de Espectroscopia por Transformada de Fourier (figura 2) e Difração de raios X (figura 3), mostraram, respectivamente, a presença de novas interações químicas entre o agente encapsulante e, o ITT, e natureza amorfa, fornecendo assim um indicativo da encapsulação, sendo este reforçado pelo alto percentual de incorporação do ITT (97.34 (5.50) %).Conclusão: A nanoencapsulação do ITT com proteína isolada do leite se mostra uma ferramenta inovadora, constituindo uma possível aplicação biotecnológica deste ativo, aumentando com isto o seu potencial de utilização.
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- 2019
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31. Nutritional status, diet and viral respiratory infections: perspectives for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
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Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, Aquino, Jailane de Souza, da Silva-Maia, Juliana Kelly, Vale, Sancha Helena de Lima, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, and Passos, Thaís Sousa
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FOOD habits ,OBESITY ,COVID-19 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,INFLAMMATION ,DIET ,IMMUNE system ,FOOD preferences ,PROBIOTICS ,MALNUTRITION ,IMMUNITY ,DISEASE susceptibility ,HEALTH behavior ,MICRONUTRIENTS ,NUTRITIONAL status - Abstract
COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was recognised by the WHO as a pandemic in 2020. Host preparation to combat the virus is an important strategy to avoid COVID-19 severity. Thus, the relationship between eating habits, nutritional status and their effects on the immune response and further implications in viral respiratory infections is an important topic discussed in this review. Malnutrition causes the most diverse alterations in the immune system, suppressing of the immune response and increasing the susceptibility to infections such as SARS-CoV-2. On the other hand, obesity induces low-grade chronic inflammation caused by excess adiposity, which increases angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. It decreases the immune response favouring SARS-CoV-2 virulence and promoting respiratory distress syndrome. The present review highlights the importance of food choices considering their inflammatory effects, consequently increasing the viral susceptibility observed in malnutrition and obesity. Healthy eating habits, micronutrients, bioactive compounds and probiotics are strategies for COVID-19 prevention. Therefore, a diversified and balanced diet can contribute to the improvement of the immune response to viral infections such as COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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32. Proteínas bioativas das sementes de tamarindo reduzem leptina plasmática independente da perda de peso em ratos com obesidade
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Morais, Ana Heloneida De Araújo, primary, Costa, Izael De Sousa, additional, and Carvalho, Fabiana Maria Coimbra de, additional
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- 2018
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33. Biochemical characterisation of a Kunitz-type inhibitor fromTamarindus indicaL. seeds and its efficacy in reducing plasma leptin in an experimental model of obesity
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Medeiros, Amanda Fernandes de, primary, Costa, Izael de Sousa, additional, Carvalho, Fabiana Maria Coimbra de, additional, Kiyota, Sumika, additional, Souza, Beatriz Blenda Pinheiro de, additional, Sifuentes, Daniel Nogoceke, additional, Serquiz, Raphael Paschoal, additional, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, additional, Uchôa, Adriana Ferreira, additional, Santos, Elizeu Antunes dos, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2018
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34. ATIVIDADE ANTITRÍPTICA EM SEMENTE E PRODUTO ALIMENTÍCIO DE CHIA (SALVIA HISPANICA L.)
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Souza, Ana Paula Araújo de, primary, Nascimento, Lorena Maria Araújo Marinheiro, additional, Lima, Vanessa Cristina Oliveira de, additional, Carvalho, Fabiana Maria Coimbra de, additional, Santos, Elizeu Antunes dos, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2017
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35. Biochemical characterisation of a Kunitz-type inhibitor from Tamarindus indica L. seeds and its efficacy in reducing plasma leptin in an experimental model of obesity.
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Medeiros, Amanda Fernandes de, Costa, Izael de Sousa, Carvalho, Fabiana Maria Coimbra de, Kiyota, Sumika, Souza, Beatriz Blenda Pinheiro de, Sifuentes, Daniel Nogoceke, Serquiz, Raphael Paschoal, Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima, Uchôa, Adriana Ferreira, Santos, Elizeu Antunes dos, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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LEPTIN ,KUNITZ inhibitors ,OBESITY treatment ,TRYPSIN inhibitors ,GENE amplification ,BLOOD plasma ,ANIMAL models in research - Abstract
A trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seed (TTI) has satietogenic effects in animals, increasing the cholecystokinin (CCK) in eutrophy and reducing leptin in obesity. We purified TTI (pTTI), characterised, and observed its effect upon CCK and leptin in obese Wistar rats. By HPLC, and after amplification of resolution, two protein fractions were observed: Fr1 and Fr2, with average mass of [M + 14H]
+ = 19,594,690 Da and [M + 13H]+ = 19,578,266 Da, respectively. The protein fractions showed 54 and 53 amino acid residues with the same sequence. pTTI presented resistance to temperature and pH variations; IC50 was 2.7 × 10−10 mol.L−1 and Ki was 2.9 × 10−11 mol.L−1 . The 2-DE revealed spots with isoelectric points between pH 5 and 6, and one near pH 8. pTTI action on leptin decrease was confirmed. We conclude that pTTI is a Kunitz trypsin inhibitor with possible biotechnological health-related application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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36. Prospecting native and analogous peptides with anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential derived from the trypsin inhibitor purified from tamarind seeds.
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Luz, Anna Beatriz Santana, de Medeiros, Amanda Fernandes, Bezerra, Lucas Lima, Lima, Mayara Santa Rosa, Pereira, Annemberg Salvino, e Silva, Emilly Guedes Oliveira, Passos, Thais Souza, Monteiro, Norberto de Kássio Vieira, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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The study aimed to prospect in silico native and analogous peptides with anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential derived from the trypsin inhibitor purified from tamarind seeds (TTIp). From the most stable theoretical model of TTIp (TTIp 56/287), in silico cleavage was performed for the theoretical identification of native peptides and generation of analogous peptides. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential was investigated through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation between the peptides and binding sites of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), responsible for the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cell. Five native and analogous peptides were obtained and validated through chemical and physical parameters. The best interaction potential energy (IPE) occurred between TMPRSS2 and one of the native peptides obtained by cleavage with trypsin and its analogous peptide. Thus, both peptides showed many hydrophobic residues, a common physical–chemical property among the peptides that inhibit the entry of enveloped viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, present in specific drugs to treat COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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37. Nutritional profile of elderly residents of a long-term care facility in Natal city, RN
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Silva,Ana Keila Queiroz da, Gusmão,Selma Correia, Castro,Kezianne Roseno de, Moreira,Renata Alexandra Neves, and Morais,Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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Nutritional status assessment, necessity of nutrition, feeding plan - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to trace the elderly nutritional profile in both genders for those subjects living in Juvino Barreto Institute, institution for long-term care. METHODS: It was used the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MAN) and anthropometric datas such as weight and height, to obtain the body mass index (BMI) and evaluation analysis of the nutritional composition of nutrients in the meals offered to the elderly in accordance with the Dietary Reference Intakes - DRIs (2002) for energy, macro and micronutrients. RESULTS: The results showed a high incidence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition among the elderly, 32% by MAM and 53% by Lipschitz. It is known that the need of energy decreases and the need of protein, vitamins and minerals remain the same or even increase as the human body gets old. In this way, this study revealed a worrying fact concerning the mismatches presented in both: in macro and in micronutrients, shown by analysis of the menus offered by the institution for the elderly. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for nutritional care of aged people, in order to meet the nutritional, physiological and functional demands that the old age requires.
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- 2010
38. Diversidade de Carotenóides Antioxidantes em frutos de espécies de Solanum (seção Lycopersicon) : caracterização via Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Resolução (CLAE) e análise filogenética do gene codificador da enzima Licopeno-β-ciclase
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Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, Monte, Damares de Castro, Boiteux, Maria Esther de Noronha Fonseca, and Almeida, Elionor Rita Pereira
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Variabilidade ,Tomate ,Alimentos funcionais ,Carotenóides - Abstract
Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, 2007. O tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum L.) apresenta um papel de destaque na dieta humana de diferentes etnias e regiões geográficas. Entre as estratégias para aumentar e/ou permitir um consumo adequado de nutrientes essenciais, destacam-se a introdução de alimentos ricos em carotenóides na dieta, além do melhoramento genético visando aumentar o teor pró-vitamínico e de antioxidantes em culturas adaptadas para plantio e com tradição de consumo nas regiões geográficas onde ocorrem carências nutricionais. Um dos objetivos neste trabalho foi avaliar os tipos e o conteúdo de carotenóides visando selecionar genótipos com melhores características nutricionais. Outro objetivo foi, baseado em informações genéticas para genes que codificam enzimas envolvidas na via biossíntetica de carotenóides, gerar oligonucleotídeos iniciadores (primers) universais para uso em PCR. Estes primers foram utilizados para isolar alelos do gene que codifica a enzima licopeno β-ciclase em diferentes acessos de tomate. Os dados obtidos destas seqüências foram avaliados para estimar as relações filogenéticas dentro do gênero Solanum (seção Lycopersicon). Esta análise foi comparada com estudos anteriores utilizando o gene waxy ou GGSSI (Grandule-bound starch syntase). Esta análise foi informativa e a sua utilização forneceu uma boa resolução na definição das espécies de tomate. Demonstrou ainda que as espécies com frutos verdes, amarelos e vermelhos pertencem a um grupo monofilético, além de revelar a proximidade entre as espécies de tomate com frutos com pigmentação verde. Os resultados aqui apresentados forneceram ainda o perfil de carotenóides de tomates de coloração verde, mostrando estas espécies como essenciais fontes de carotenóides luteína e zeaxantina. Um carotenóide já reconhecido nutricionalmente, mas não encontrado em concentrações significativas em tomates comerciais, o beta caroteno, foi identificado nas espécies S. cheesmaniae, S. galapagense e S. pimpinellifolium, que possuem frutos com pigmentação amarela. Destaca-se ainda o S. pimpinelifolium vermelho como sendo a melhor opção em cruzamentos visando o melhoramento no conteúdo e na diversidade de carotenóides. A geração dos oligonucleotídeos iniciadores universais, específicos para o isolamento de alelos dos genes das enzimas fitoeno sintase, licopeno ε-ciclase e licopeno β-ciclase foi satisfatória, uma vez que foram específicos para os genes em estudo. À disponibilização do catálogo de tipos e teores de carotenóides em um subconjunto do germoplasma destas espécies e o desenvolvimento de ferramentas moleculares com potencial uso em sistemas de seleção assistida cria perspectivas de aumento da eficiência do melhoramento visando o aumento do teor e a diversidade de carotenóides em tomate. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. Mill) plays an important role in the human diet in distinct ethnic groups and geographical regions, being a major source of vitamins and antioxidants. One of the most efficient strategies to increase and/or to allow the satisfactory intake of essential nutrients is to introduce in the daily diet improved food crop cultivars with higher nutritional/nutraceutical value. Breeding cultivars displaying regional adaptation for higher pro-vitamin A and antioxidant contents would be an effective way of minimizing/alleviating nutritional deficiencies in geographic areas with sub-optimum levels of intake of these compounds. One of the main objectives of the present thesis was to evaluate the profile and content of carotenoids in a germplasm collection of tomato and in its wild and semi-domesticated relatives [Solanum (section Lycopersicon)]. This germplasm displayed a wide range of fruit color varying from greenish to yellow up to deep red. The final aim of this study is to improve diversity and content of this group of potent antioxidants in the cultivated tomato via conventional and molecular breeding. A second objective was to isolate a sub-set of genes coding for structural enzymes of carotenoid biosynthesis in accessions of this germplasm and to generate a set of “universal” primers derived from the genetic information of these genes for use in PCR assays. This approach was employed to isolate alleles of the gene coding for the enzyme lycopene β-cyclase from the distinct accessions and the sequence data obtained was evaluated to estimate the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Solanum (section Lycopersicon). This analysis was informative and displayed enough resolution to discriminate the distinct species within the genus. A monophylletic group was composed by the green, yellow and red fruit species. A close relationship was also observed among greenfruited species, which was in agreement with the results reported in the literature using both classical and molecular tools. Therefore, the sequence of the lycopene β-ciclase gene could represent an additional tool for phylogenetic analysis in the genus Solanum (section Lycopersicon) as well as in closely related sections. The results indicated a wide range of carotenoid types and blends in the accessions of species belonging to the genus Solanum (section Lycopersicon). Green-fruited tomatoes accumulated lutein and zeaxanthin, two carotenoids that are not commonly found in cultivated tomatoes. The carotenoid β-carotene was identified in accessions of the S. cheesmaniae, S. galapagense and S. pimpinellifolium (yellow-fruit mutant). Therefore, these species might represent important sources of gene controlling β-carotene accumulation. However, the most diverse profiles of carotenoids were found in accessions of S. pimpinelifolium with red fruit phenotype. These would be the preferential sources for use in breeding programs. PCR primers were developed for universal, gene-specific isolation of alleles of the following genes: phytoene synthase, lycopene ε- cyclase and lycopene β-ciclase. The establishment of a catalog of content and types of carotenoids in representative accessions of species belonging to the genus Solanum (section Lycopersicon) and the development of molecular tools with potential utility in classical breeding as well as in marker assisted selection systems. The isolation of new genes/alleles from wild and semi-domesticated species related to the cultivated tomato has also a potential scientific and technological impact allowing the identification and cloning of genes of the carotenoid pathway able to modulate distinct blends of antioxidants carotenoids in fruits of this important vegetable crop.
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- 2007
39. Atividade antitríptica de proteínas em polpas e sementes de frutas tropicais
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Bezerra, Ágnes Denise de Lima, primary, Barbosa, Claudia Renata Montenegro, additional, Carvalho, Fabiana Maria Coimbra de, additional, Serquiz, Alexandre Coelho, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2014
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40. COMPOSTOS FENÓLICOS E ATIVIDADE ANTI-TRÍPTICA EM TRÊS VARIEDADE DE UVAS
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Carvalho, Fabiana Maria Coimbra de, primary, Dantas, Marcela Berckmans Viégas Costa, additional, Bezerra, Agnes Denise de Lima, additional, Machado, Richele Janaina de Araujo, additional, Santos, Elizeu Antunes dos, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araujo, additional
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- 2014
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41. DETERMINATION OF ANTITRYPTIC ACTIVITY IN PROTEINS FROM PEANUT PRODUCTS ISOLATED BY AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY
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Araújo, Jéssica Morais de, primary, Alves, Jussara Cristina, additional, Peixoto, Thayane K. O. das Neves, additional, Medeiros, Amanda Fernandes de, additional, Machado, Richele Janaína de Araújo, additional, Serquiz, Alexandre Coelho, additional, Neves, Renata Alexandra Moreira das, additional, Santos, Elizeu Antunes dos, additional, Uchôa, Adriana Ferreira, additional, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, additional
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- 2014
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42. Activity toward Bruchid Pest of a Kunitz-Type Inhibitor from Seeds of the Algaroba Tree (Prosopis juliflora D.C.)
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Oliveira, Adeliana Silva de, Pereira, Railene de Azevedo, Lima, Liziane Maria, Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, Melo, Francislete Rodrigues, Franco, Octavio Luiz, Bloch Júnior, Carlos, Grossi-de-Sá, Maria Fátima, and Sales, Mauricio Pereira de
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Prosopis juliflora ,Plant defense ,Bean weevil ,Bruchids ,Phytocystatin - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T03:52:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 Activity toward Bruchid Pest of a Kunitz-Type Inhibitor from Seeds.pdf: 136933 bytes, checksum: da33586e89577764a14dbf147fa2721a (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 23851 bytes, checksum: 294cb7010cc40c47642971e073de3dba (MD5) license_rdf: 23892 bytes, checksum: afd5dad10b1d1e6dc10c8c5d25222c7a (MD5) license.txt: 1887 bytes, checksum: 445d1980f282ec865917de35a4c622f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 A proteinaceous inhibitor with high activity against papain was found in seeds of the xerophytic algaroba tree (Prosopis julifora). The proteinase inhibitor Pj was purified using Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration followed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a Vidac 18 TP. Inhibitor Pj showed a Mr of 20,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a Mr of 19.2K by mass spectrometry. The inhibition of papain by the Pj inhibitor was the noncompetitive type, with a Ki value of 0.59 3 1029 M. The gelatinase activity of papain was strongly inhibited by Pj too. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the Pj inhibitor showed homology with the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the Kunitzproteinase inhibitor family. Pj was strongly effective against digestive proteinases from bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus and cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus and was moderately active toward midgut proteinases from pod weevil Mimosestes mimosae and Mexican bean weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus. The data shown here suggest that the protein present in algaroba seeds is involved with defense responses to insects and may be an important tool to be used in engineering plants resistant to bean weevils. Publicado
- Published
- 2002
43. Estimativa de massa livre de gordura em pacientes com distrofia muscular de Duchenne e efeito da suplementação com zinco sobre parâmetros ósseos dessa população
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Grilo, Evellyn Câmara, Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo, Venske, Débora Kurrle Rieger, Caromano, Fátima Aparecida, Pedrosa, Lucia de Fátima Campos, Vale, Sancha Helena de Lima, and Brandão Neto, José
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Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ,Composição corporal ,Bioimpedância elétrica ,Densidade óssea ,Distrofias musculares - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq A Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne (DMD) é uma doença neuromuscular que resulta na atrofia muscular progressiva. Para a população com DMD, a avaliação da composição corporal e o manejo da saúde óssea são importantes. Diante dessas demandas em saúde da população com DMD, esta tese de doutorado teve como principais objetivos: verificar a validade da Bioimpedância elétrica (BIA) como um método prático de avaliação da composição corporal em pacientes com DMD e investigar o efeito da suplementação com zinco sobre o zinco sérico e parâmetros ósseos nessa população. Para tanto, foram realizados dois estudos: o primeiro estudo de delineamento observacional transversal incluindo 46 pacientes com DMD (Estudo 1) e o segundo estudo de delineamento intervencional aninhado ao uma coorte incluindo 34 pacientes com DMD (Estudo 2). Os estudos foram realizados no ambulatório de Neurologia do HUOL em Natal/RN. Inicialmente, a população estudada foi caracterizada. O principal achado do Estudo 1 foi que a BIA é um método viável para estimar a % de massa livre de gordura (%MLG) em crianças e adolescentes com DMD. Entre as oito equações preditivas avaliadas, cinco equações foram acuradas para estimar a %MLG pela BIA em pacientes com DMD, uma vez que os valores de %MLG apresentaram correlação com os valores de %MLG determinados pelo DXA, de acordo com os testes de correlação (p0,05). Os principais achados do Estudo 2 foram que a suplementação oral com zinco aumentou a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) de 0,83 ± 0,05 g/cm 2 para 0,84 ± 0,04 g/cm 2 daqueles pacientes que apresentavam DMO adequada (p0.05). The main findings of Study 2 were that oral zinc supplementation increased bone mineral density (BMD) from 0.83 ± 0.05 g/cm2 to 0.84 ± 0.04 g/cm2 in those patients who had adequate BMD (p
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- 2021
44. Bioactive vegetable proteins and peptides and their mechanisms involved in glycemic control
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Costa, Izael de Sousa, Rezende, Adriana Augusto de, Marinho, Emmanuel Silva, Aquino, Jailane de Souza, Evangelista, Karine Cavalcanti Mauricio de Sena, Monteiro, Norberto de Kassio Vieira, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 ,Tamarindus indica L ,Simulação de dinâmica molecular ,Agentes hipoglicemiantes ,Proteínas vegetais - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq O diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é uma doença caracterizada pelo estado de hiperglicemia crônico, que pode desencadear alterações das propriedades funcionais e estruturais do organismo. Sendo assim, objetivou-se analisar o mecanismo de ação e o efeito de proteínas bioativas de origem vegetal no controle da glicemia no contexto do DM2, e com isso, buscar novos alvos terapêuticos para essa doença. Esta tese foi dividida em três capítulos, no primeiro e segundo tem-se o protocolo e a revisão sistemática (RS), respectivamente, visando responder à pergunta: como as proteínas e peptídeos isolados (pool) e purificados extraídos de vegetais atuam na redução da glicose sanguínea em modelos experimentais de DM2? O protocolo foi registrado no registro prospectivo internacional de revisões sistemáticas (PROSPERO) sob o número: CRD42019110956. Para a RS, foram selecionados estudos experimentais com proteínas e peptídeos bioativos de origem vegetal com efeito sobre o controle glicêmico de animais com DM2 induzido experimentalmente. Os artigos foram selecionados de acordo com a estratégia PICOS (população, intervenções, controle e desfecho) nas bases de dados: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. A busca inicial recuperou 916 artigos e, após a leitura de título, resumo e palavras-chave, 24 artigos foram elegíveis para leitura completa. Após esse processo, cinco artigos foram incluídos na RS. A avaliação das evidências e do risco de viés dos estudos foi realizada, utilizando o protocolo Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE). Como resultados da RS foi constatado que, todas as vias estimuladas pelas cinco moléculas de origem proteica de vegetais, mediaram estímulos secundários na cascata de sinalização da insulina até a captação da glicose. No terceiro capítulo, foi apresentado um estudo pré-clínico com o inibidor de tripsina isolado de semente de tamarindo (ITT), e análises in sílico com o ITTp modelo número 56, e conformação número 287 (ITTp 56/287). No estudo pré-clínico foi avaliado o efeito do ITT sobre o estado hiperglicêmico em ratos Wistar com DM2 induzido por dieta de alto índice glicêmico e alta carga glicêmica (HGLI) por 17 semanas. A partir do diagnóstico do DM2 os animais (n = 15) foram divididos em três grupos (n = 5): 1. DM2 sem tratamento; 2. DM2 tratado com dieta padrão (nutricionalmente adequada); e 3. DM2 tratado com ITT (25 mg/kg), administrados por gavagem oral (1 mL) por 10 dias. Após esse período, foi analisada a insulinemia e glicemia de jejum, além dos modelos de Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) e do for β-cell function (HOMA-β). Ao final das análises foi observado que o grupo de animais que receberam o tratamento com o ITT, apresentaram menor concentração de glicose de jejum (p = 0,0031) e do índice HOMA-IR (p = 0,0432), além de maior índice HOMA-β (p = 0,0052) quando comparado aos animais dos demais grupos avaliados. No estudo por simulação de dinâmica molecular foi possível observar interação entre o ITTp 56/287 e o receptor de insulina (RI) (PDB ID 4OGA), o ITTp 56/287-RI (-1591,54 kJ mol-1 ± 234,90) apresentou menor energia potencial de interação (EPI) comparado a Insulina-RI (Ins-RI) (-894,98 kJ mol-1 ± 32,16), com resíduos de aminoácidos distintos envolvidos nessa interação. Sendo assim, foi possível identificar que o ITT atuou como agente hipoglicemiante em estudo préclínico, e estsa ação pode ser desencadeada pela sua ligação ao RI em estudo de simulação computacional. Com esta tese, pode-se constatar que proteínas vegetais, como o ITT, tem potencial antidiabético como adjuvante no controle glicêmico por meio de atuação em vias metabólicas comuns ao RI. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease characterized by a chronic state of hyperglycemia, which can trigger changes in the body's functional and structural properties. Thus, the objective was to analyze the mechanism of action and the effect of bioactive proteins of plant origin in controlling blood glucose in the context of T2DM, seeking new therapeutic targets for this disease. This thesis was divided into three chapters. In the first and second, there are the protocol and the systematic review (SR), respectively, aiming to answer the question: how the isolated (pool) and purified proteins and peptides extracted from vegetables act to reduce blood glucose in experimental models of T2DM? The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under CRD42019110956. For SR, experimental studies were selected with bioactive proteins and peptides of plant origin that affect the glycemic control of animals with experimentally induced T2DM. The articles were selected according to the PICOS strategy (population, interventions, control and outcome) in the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE and Virtual Health Library. The initial search retrieved 916 articles. After reading the title, abstract and keywords, 24 articles were eligible for a full reading. After this process, five articles were included in the SR. The study's assessment of evidence and risk of bias was performed using the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) protocol. As a result of the SR, all pathways stimulated by the five molecules of vegetable protein origin mediated secondary stimuli in the insulin signaling cascade up to glucose uptake. In the third chapter, a preclinical study with the trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seed (TTI) and in silico analysis with the TTIp model number 56 and conformation number 287 (TTIp 56/287) was presented. In the preclinical study, the effect of TTI on the hyperglycemic state in Wistar rats with T2DM induced by a high glycemic index and high glycemic load (HGLI) diet for 17 weeks was evaluated. From the diagnosis of T2DM, the animals (n = 15) were divided into three groups (n = 5): 1. T2DM without treatment; 2. T2DM treated with a standard diet (nutritionally adequate); and 3. T2DM treated with TTI (25 mg/kg), administered by oral gavage (1 ml) for 10 days. After this period, fasting insulin and glycemia were analyzed, in addition to the Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β) models. At the end of the analysis, the group of animals that received the treatment with the TTI had lower fasting glucose concentration (p = 0.0031) and the HOMA-IR index (p = 0.0432), in addition to being higher HOMA-β index (p = 0.0052) when compared to the animals of the other groups evaluated. In the study by molecular dynamics simulation, the interaction between the TTIp 56/287 and the insulin receptor (IR) (PDB ID 4OGA) was observed. The TTIp 56/287-IR (-1591.54 kJ mol-1 ± 234.90), showed lower potential energy of interaction (EPI) compared to the Insulin-IR (Ins-IR) (-894.98 kJ mol-1 ± 32.16), with distinct amino acid residues involved in this interaction. Thus, TTI acted as a hypoglycemic agent in a preclinical study, and its connection to RI can trigger this action. This thesis shows that plant proteins, such as TTI, have antidiabetic potential as an adjuvant in glycemic control by acting in metabolic pathways common to RI.
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- 2021
45. Study of vitamin A and betacarotene nanoencapsulated in obesity
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Gomes, Camila de Carvalho, Rodrigues, Karla Danielly da Silva Ribeiro, Bezerra, Danielle Soares, Araújo, Kátia Gomes de Lima, Lima, Maira Conceição Jerônimo de Souza, Passos, Thais Souza, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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Cucurbitaceae ,Fígado ,Nanotecnologia ,Retinol ,Tecido adiposo ,Betacaroteno - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq A crescente prevalência de obesidade e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis a ela associadas tem aumentado e, com isso, tem-se ampliado a busca por novas estratégias para combatê-las. Nesse sentido, a vitamina A desempenha importante função na regulação do peso corporal por meio da ação dos metabólitos desse nutriente, sobre diferentes aspectos em indivíduos com essa doença. Com base nisso, esta tese divide-se em dois capítulos. No primeiro, para entender essa relação e os efeitos fisiológicos da vitamina A na obesidade, foi realizada uma revisão narrativa. Realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados, selecionando os estudos que envolviam vitamina A ou seus metabólitos ativos, encapsulados ou não, bem como a atuação e associação com a obesidade. Foram encontrados estudos demonstrando que existe relação inversa entre a adiposidade e a concentração da vitamina A. Além disso, foi evidenciado que encapsular a vitamina A ou seus precursores melhora a estabilidade, biodisponibilidade e funcionalidade, podendo favorecer melhores efeitos na terapêutica dessa doença. No segundo capítulo, foi realizado um estudo visando avaliar o efeito do extrato bruto rico em carotenoides do melão Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. var cantalupensis), nanoencapsulado em gelatina suína (EGS) sobre a concentração de vitamina A no fígado de ratos Wistar com obesidade. Para isso, o extrato bruto rico em carotenoides (EB) foi obtido por meio do processamento, secagem e extração dos compostos bioativos da polpa do melão, sendo utilizado para sintetizar a nanoformulação, por meio da técnica de emulsificação O/A.. As nanopartículas foram caracterizadas quanto aos aspectos físicos e químicos, além da avaliação da eficiência de incorporação dos carotenoides. No estudo pré-clínico, ratos Wistar com obesidade induzida por dieta de alto índice glicêmico e alta carga glicêmica (dieta HGLI) foram divididos em três grupos (n = 5): 1, sem tratamento (dieta HGLI + água); 2, manipulados com dieta HGLI + EB (12,5 mg/kg); e 3, tratados com dieta HGLI + EGS (50 mg/kg), administrados por gavagem (1 mL), por 10 dias. Esses animais foram avaliados quanto à variação do consumo dietético, de retinol e peso, parâmetros hematológicos, glicemia de jejum e perfil lipídico. Além disso, foi feita a investigação da concentração de retinol hepático e seus efeitos no fígado por meio da determinação da razão TGO/TGP e dos escores FIB-4 (Fibrosis-4 Index for Liver Fibrosis) e APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index). Os resultados obtidos para a caracterização das partículas confirmaram a presença de partículas esféricas com superfície lisa, diâmetro médio de 80 (8,59) nm, índice de polidispersão de 0,47 (0,09) e presença de novas interações químicas, indicando que o EB foi encapsulado em gelatina suína. Ademais, a eficiência de incorporação de EB foi igual a 95,20% (0,74). Para os animais tratados com EGS, foi visto menor consumo dietético e de retinol (p < 0,05). Além disso, o mesmo grupo de animais apresentou concentrações significativamente maiores (p < 0,05) de retinol hepático [266 (45) µg/g], quando comparados com o grupo sem tratamento [186 (23,8) µg/g] e o tratado com EB [175 (8,08) µg/g]. Os escores de avaliação de dano hepático não evidenciaram diferenças significativas (p > 0,05), mas as menores médias foram encontradas no grupo de animais tratado com EGS. Esses achados sugerem que a nanoencapsulação promoveu proteção, garantiu a absorção dos carotenoides no intestino e bioconversão a retinol, sem causar alterações hepáticas. Com isso, EGS apresenta-se como candidato para estudos clínicos futuros, visando avaliar os efeitos benéficos na terapêutica de doenças que envolvam carências de vitamina A, como a obesidade. The increasing prevalence of obesity and chronic non-communicable diseases associated with it has increased, and the search for new strategies to control them. In this sense, vitamin A plays an important role in regulating body weight through the action of metabolites of this nutrient on different aspects in individuals with obesity. Based on this, this thesis is divided into two chapters. In the first chapter, a narrative review was performed to understand this relationship and the physiological effects of vitamin A on obesity. A search was carried out in the databases, selecting the studies that involved vitamin A or its active metabolites, encapsulated or not, and the role and relationship with obesity. Studies were found showing that there is an inverse relationship between adiposity and vitamin A concentration. In addition, it was demonstrated that encapsulating vitamin A or its precursors improves stability, bioavailability, and functionality and may favor better effects in the treatment of obesity. In the second chapter, a study was carried out to evaluate the impact of the crude extract rich in carotenoids from Cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo L. var cantalupensis) nanoencapsulated in porcine gelatin (EPG) on the concentration of vitamin A in the liver of obese Wistar rats. The crude extract rich in carotenoids (CE) was obtained by processing, drying, and extracting bioactive compounds from the melon pulp, being used to synthesize the nanoformulation through the O/W emulsification technique. The nanoparticles were characterized in terms of physical and chemical aspects and evaluated the efficiency of incorporation of carotenoids. In the preclinical study, Wistar rats with obesity induced by a high glycemic index diet and a high glycemic load (HGLI diet) were divided into three groups (n = 5): 1. no treatment (HGLI diet + water), 2. treated with HGLI diet + CE (12.5 mg/kg), and 3. treated with HGLI diet + EPG (50 mg/kg) administered by gavage (1 mL) for ten days. These animals were evaluated for variation in dietary intake, retinol, and weight, hematological parameters, fasting glucose, and lipid profile. In addition, the investigation of hepatic retinol concentration and liver function was performed by determining the AST/ALT ratio and the FIB-4 (Fibrosis-4 Index for Liver Fibrosis) and APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index) scores. The results obtained for the characterization of the particles confirmed the presence of spherical particles with smooth surface, mean diameter of 80 (8.59) nm, polydispersion index of 0.47 (0.09), and the presence of new chemical interactions, indicating that CE was encapsulated in porcine gelatin. Furthermore, the CE incorporation efficiency was equal to 95.20% (0.74). For animals treated with EPG, lower dietary and retinol consumption was observed (p < 0.05). In addition, the same group of animals had significantly higher concentrations (p < 0.05) of hepatic retinol [266 (45) µg/g] when compared to the untreated group [186 (23.8) µg/g] and the one treated with CE [175 (8.08) µg/g]. The liver damage assessment scores did not show significant differences (p > 0.05), but the lowest means were observed in the group of animals treated with EPG. These findings suggest that nanoencapsulation promoted protection, guaranteed the absorption of carotenoids in the intestine, and bioconversion to retinol in the liver, without causing liver alterations. Thus, EPG presents itself as a candidate for future clinical studies, aiming to evaluate the beneficial effects of treating diseases that involve vitamin A deficiency, such as obesity.
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- 2021
46. Mecanismos de ação antibacteriana de inibidores de tripsina: uma revisão sistemática e um estudo por simulação computacional de dinâmica molecular com membranas de bactérias
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Nascimento, Amanda Maria de Souza, Rocha, Raquel de Oliveira, Medeiros, Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de, Damasceno, Karla Suzanne Florentino da Silva Chaves, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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Peptídeo antimicrobiano ,Antibacterianos ,Simulação computacional ,Revisão sistemática ,Cultura bacteriana - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq O conhecimento de novos compostos antimicrobianos capazes de atuar contra microrganismos merece atenção na atualidade. Diversas moléculas têm sido estudadas por suas atividades antibacterianas e, dentre elas, estão os inibidores de tripsina, com destaque para o inibidor de tripsina purificado de sementes de tamarindo (ITTp). O presente trabalho objetivou apresentar os mecanismos de ação antibacteriana de inibidores de tripsina por meio de uma revisão sistemática (RS) e um estudo in silico de simulação de dinâmica molecular (DM). Para a revisão, reuniu-se estudos publicados na literatura, visando responder à pergunta: quais são os mecanismos de ação antibacteriana dos peptídeos e proteínas inibidores de tripsina? Inicialmente, foi elaborado e registrado, no Registro Prospectivo Internacional de Revisões Sistemáticas (PROSPERO), um protocolo de RS sob número: CRD42020189069. Dessa forma, a lista de verificação Preferred Reporting Items Checklist for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) foi utilizada para delinear o protocolo e PRISMA para a revisão sistemática. Os artigos foram selecionados de acordo com critérios de elegibilidade, conforme o PICOS (população, intervenção, controle, resultados e tipos de estudos). As bases de dados utilizadas foram PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, BVS e EMBASE. Foram incluídos artigos originais resultantes de estudos com ratos e/ou camundongos, estudos in vitro (cultura bacteriana) e em células, que descreveram os tratamentos, efeitos e os mecanismos antibacterianos de peptídeos ou proteínas do tipo inibidores de tripsina. Os artigos foram selecionados e os dados foram extraídos por dois revisores independentes. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica foi realizada por meio da ferramenta OHAT (Office of Health Assessment and Translation). Na RS, foram resgatados 2382 artigos, sendo, ao final da busca, 17 elegíveis para a revisão. Constatou-se que grande parte dos inibidores de tripsina foram capazes de gerar efeito bacteriostático ou bactericida, dependendo das concentrações utilizadas. Foi visto que apenas quatro estudos se aprofundaram no mecanismo diretamente na membrana das bactérias, em três estudos os autores utilizaram S. aureus, E. coli. Um quarto estudo avaliou a ação antibacteriana sobre as proteases endógenas extraídas das próprias bactérias (S. enterica e S. aureus). Para o estudo de simulação de DM, utilizou-se o modelo número 56, na conformação número 287 do ITTp (ITTp 56/287) e o modelo de bicamada lipídica gerado pelo servidor CHARMM-GUI, para avaliar o comportamento estrutural e as interações por simulações de DM foram realizadas usando o pacote Gromacs 5.1.2. Foi observada maior interação do ITTp 56/287 com a membrana GP, apresentando energia potencial de interação (EPI) de –1094.97 kcal.mol1 quando comparada à interação com a membrana Gram-negativa (GN), -444.337 kcal.mol1. Foi possível identificar que, na interação ITTp 56/287-GP, os resíduos de aminoácidos de arginina apresentaram maior EPI, enquanto na interação ITTp 56/287-GN, foram com os resíduos de glutamina. Este estudo primeiramente esclarece e sistematiza a ação antibacteriana dos inibidores de tripsina, sendo de grande relevância e gerando informações para possíveis pesquisas futuras sobre essas vias. Adicionalmente, o estudo por simulação de DM aponta o ITTp como candidato para futuros estudos que o consolide como uma opção no tratamento mais eficaz de infecções bacterianas. The knowledge of new antimicrobial compounds capable of acting against microorganisms deserves attention today. Several molecules have been studied for their antibacterial activities and, among them, are trypsin inhibitors, especially the purified trypsin inhibitor from tamarind seeds (ITTp). The present work aimed to present the antibacterial action mechanisms of trypsin inhibitors through a systematic review (SR) and an in silico study of molecular dynamics (DM) simulation. For the review, studies published in the literature were gathered in order to answer the question: what are the antibacterial action mechanisms of trypsin inhibitor peptides and proteins? Initially, a SR protocol under number: CRD42020189069 was prepared and registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Thus, the Preferred Reporting Items Checklist for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) was used to delineate the protocol and PRISMA for the systematic review. The articles were selected according to eligibility criteria, according to the PICOS (population, intervention, control, results and types of studies). The databases used were PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, BVS and EMBASE. Original articles resulting from studies with rats and/or mice, in vitro studies (bacterial culture) and in cells were included, which described the treatments, effects and antibacterial mechanisms of peptides or proteins of the trypsin inhibitor type. Articles were selected and data were extracted by two independent reviewers. The assessment of methodological quality was performed using the OHAT (Office of Health Assessment and Translation) tool. In RS, 2382 articles were retrieved, and at the end of the search, 17 were eligible for review. It was found that most trypsin inhibitors were able to generate bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects, depending on the concentrations used. It was seen that only four studies delve into the mechanism directly in the bacterial membrane, in three studies the authors used S. aureus, E. coli. A fourth study evaluated the antibacterial action on endogenous proteases extracted from the bacteria themselves (S. enterica and S. aureus). For the DM simulation study, model number 56 was used, in conformation number 287 of the ITTp (ITTp 56/287) and the lipid bilayer model generated by the CHARMM-GUI server, to evaluate the structural behavior and interactions by DM simulations were performed using the Gromacs package 5.1.2. A greater interaction of ITTp 56/287 with the GP membrane was observed, presenting a potential energy of interaction (EPI) of –1094.97 kcal.mol1 when compared to the interaction with the Gram-negative membrane (GN), -444,337 kcal.mol1. It was possible to identify that, in the interaction ITTp 56/287-GP, the arginine amino acid residues showed higher EPI, while in the interaction ITTp 56/287-GN, they were with the residues of glutamine. This study firstly clarifies and systematizes the antibacterial action of trypsin inhibitors, being of great relevance and generating information for possible future research on these pathways. Additionally, the DM simulation study points the ITTp as a candidate for future studies that consolidate it as an option in the most effective treatment of bacterial infections.
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- 2021
47. Effect of trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seed (Tamarindus indica L.) nanoencapsulated on biochemical and liver histopathological parameters of the Wistar rats fed a high glycemic index diet
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Aguiar, Ana Júlia Felipe Camelo, 025.873.064-18, Moura, Sérgio Adriane Bezerra de, 663.989.084-49, Ferreira, Ederlan de Souza, 790.530.682-87, Passos, Thais Souza, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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Inibidor de protease ,Doença hepática gordurosa não-alcoólica ,Índice glicêmico ,Nanopartículas ,Hiperglicemia - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq Em todo o mundo tem ocorrido uma transição nutricional baseada em dietas compostas por alimentos de alto índice glicêmico e alta carga glicêmica, que associados a outros fatores, são cruciais para o aumento da prevalência da obesidade e diversas doenças, como a Doença Hepática Gordurosa Não Alcoólica (DHGNA). Essa doença abrange desde uma esteatose e esteatohepatite até quadros graves, como cirrose e carcinoma hepatocelular. O tratamento da DHGNA é uma necessidade clínica não atendida, dessa forma, diversos estudos têm procurado novas terapias não só para a DHGNA, mas também para a obesidade. Dentre eles, se destacam os achados relacionados ao inibidor de tripsina isolado de sementes de tamarindo (ITT) nanoencapsulado em quitosana e proteína isolada do soro do leite (EQPI) sobre a redução da glicemia e transaminases. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o efeito do EQPI sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e a histopatologia do fígado de ratos Wistar alimentados com dieta de alto índice glicêmico e alta carga glicêmica (dieta HGLI). Primeiramente, as nanopartículas com e sem ITT, respectivamente EQPI e QPI, foram obtidas pela técnica de nanoprecitação em solvente orgânico e, caracterizadas quanto à morfologia (MEV), tamanho de partícula (Difração a laser), interações químicas (FTIR) e eficiência de encapsulação. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos, contendo cinco animais cada, sendo tratados por dez dias com: 1. Dieta HGLI e água (1 mL), 2. Dieta padrão e água (1 mL), 3. Dieta HGLI e EQPI (12,5 mg/kg em 1 mL), e 4. Dieta HGLI e QPI (10,0 mg/kg em 1 mL). Foram avaliados os parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos, dentre eles, função renal, acometimento hepático (enzimas hepáticas, relação TGO/TGP), perfil lipídico, glicemia, insulina e, Homeostasis Aodel assessment of Insulin Resistence and β cells (HOMA-IR e HOMA-β, respectivamente). Além disso, foram também investigados os escores hepáticos FIB-4 (Fibrosis-4 Index for Liver Fibrosis) e APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index), e a histopatologia dos fígados dos animais avaliados. Diante dos resultados, foram obtidas nanopartículas esféricas, lisas, em tamanho nanomérico (120,7 nm) contendo o ITT. Nos animais, o EQPI reduziu (p < 0,05) a glicemia em 17%, TGO em 39% e fosfatase alcalina em 24%. Ademais, reduziu significativamente (p < 0,05) os dois escores de avaliação de fibrose hepática, APRI e FIB-4, e apresentou melhor aspecto da morfologia hepática quando comparado com os demais grupos. Assim, foi possível constatar que a nanoencapsulação promoveu uma nova funcionalidade para o ITT isolado, promovendo benefícios sobre a injúria hepática provocada pela dieta HGLI, considerando os resultados sobre os parâmetros bioquímicos, morfológicos e de avaliação de fibrose relacionados ao fígado. There has been a nutritional transition based on diets composed of foods with a high glycemic index and a high glycemic load and ultra-processed foods worldwide. This, associated with other factors, is crucial for increasing the obesity prevalence and various diseases, including the disease Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD). NAFLD ranges from steatosis and steatohepatitis to severe conditions, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD treatment is a clinical necessity not answered. Thus, several studies have sought new therapies not only for NAFLD but also for obesity. Among them, we highlight the findings related to the trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seeds (TTI) nanoencapsulated in chitosan and whey protein isolated (ECW). Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of ECW on the liver status of Wistar rats fed a high glycemic index and high glycemic load diet (HGLI diet). First, nanoparticles with and without TTI, respectively ECW and CW, were obtained by the technique of nanoprecipitation in an organic solvent and, characterized by morphology (SEM), particle size (Laser diffraction), chemical interactions (FTIR), and efficiency of encapsulation. The animals were divided into four groups, containing five animals, each treated for ten days with 1. HGLI diet and water (1 mL), 2. standard diet and water (1 mL), 3. HGLI diet and ECW (12.5 mg/kg in 1 mL), and 4. HGLI diet and CW (10.0 mg/kg in 1 mL). The hematological biochemical parameters of renal and hepatic involvement were evaluated (liver enzymes, AST/ALT ratio), lipid profile, fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance, and β-cell homeostasis model (HOMA-IR and HOMA-β, respectively). Besides, liver scores FIB-4 (Fibrosis-4 Index for Liver Fibrosis) and APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index) were also investigated, and the liver histopathology of the animals was evaluated. Given the results, smooth, spherical nanoparticles were obtained in nanometric diameter (120.7 nm) containing TTI. In animals, ECW reduced (p < 0,05) fasting blood glucose levels by 17%, AST in 39%, and alkaline phosphatase in 24%, also significantly reduced (p < 0,05) the two scores of assessment of liver fibrosis, APRI, and FIB-4, and presented a better aspect of liver morphology when compared to the other groups. Thus, it was possible to show that the ECW promoted a new functionality for the isolated TTI, promoting benefits on the liver injury caused by the HGLI diet, considering the biochemical, morphological, and liver fibrosis evaluation parameters.
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- 2021
48. Mecanismos de ação de agentes anti-inflamatórios no tecido adiposo
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Nascimento, Sara Sayonara da Cruz, Medeiros, Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de, Machado, Richele Janaina Araújo, Passos, Thais Souza, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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Inflamação ,Obesidade ,Revisão sistemática ,Tecido adiposo - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq A obesidade é caracterizada por uma expansão da massa de tecido adiposo e alterações em sua distribuição corporal, sendo associada a uma elevação crônica das concentrações circulantes de mediadores inflamatórios. Os agentes antiinflamatórios apresentam-se como uma alternativa de tratamento para a obesidade, sendo testados em modelos animais e humanos. O presente trabalho objetivou reunir estudos semelhantes publicados na literatura visando responder a seguinte pergunta: Quais são os mecanismos de ação de agentes anti-inflamatórios no tecido adiposo? Para isso, por meio de um estudo secundário, inicialmente, foi elaborado e registrado no Registro Prospectivo Internacional de Revisões Sistemáticas (PROSPERO) um protocolo de obtenção de revisão sistemática. Dessa forma, itens de relatório preferidos para revisão sistemática e protocolos de meta-análise (PRISMA-P) foram utilizados para delinear o protocolo e PRISMA para a revisão sistemática. Os artigos foram selecionados de acordo com critérios de elegibilidade conforme o PICOS (população, intervenções, controle, resultados e tipo de estudo). As bases de dados utilizadas para a pesquisa foram PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, BVS e EMBASE. Foram incluídos estudos experimentais realizados em ratos e camundongos com grupo controle que descreveram o tratamento com anti-inflamatórios (fármacos, nutracêuticos, compostos bioativos, entre outros) em qualquer frequência, horário e dose. Os artigos foram selecionados, e os dados foram extraídos por três revisores independentes. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica de cada pesquisa foi realizada por meio da ferramenta SYRCLE. A revisão foi registrada no PROSPERO sob número: CRD42020182897 e o protocolo publicado em periódico científico. Na revisão sistemática foram resgatados 1263 artigos, sendo ao final da busca 27 elegíveis para a revisão. Entre as classes dos agentes anti-inflamatórios, foram identificados 6 fármacos, 17 compostos naturais e quatro compostos sintéticos. Diante dos estudos, pode-se inferir que grande parte dos compostos bioativos, fármacos e compostos sintéticos atuam em vias metabólicas que culminam, principalmente, na redução da expressão de citocinas inflamatórias, o que favorece uma redução da infiltração de macrófagos no tecido adiposo branco e provocam processo de polarização de macrófagos do tipo M1 para M2. Pode-se notar que, inúmeras vias inflamatórias se sobrepõem para explicar o mecanismo de ação desses fármacos, compostos naturais e sintéticos. Diante da heterogeneidade dos dados não houve agrupamento e não foi possível a realização da meta-análise. Dessa forma, a revisão sistemática esclarece e sistematiza os mecanismos desses compostos e fármacos no tecido adiposo, sendo de grande relevância e gerando informações para possíveis pesquisas futuras sobre essas vias, visando o tratamento mais eficaz da inflamação na obesidade. Obesity is characterized by an expansion of the mass of adipose tissue and changes in its distribution in the body, being associated with an automatic increase in circulating inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory agents are presented as an alternative treatment for obesity, being tested in animal and human models. This study aimed to gather studies published in the specialized literature to answer the following question: "What are the mechanisms of action of antiinflammatory agents in adipose tissue?". For this, through a secondary study, bulletin, a protocol for obtaining a systematic review was prepared and registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Thus, preferred report items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) were used to outline the protocol and PRISMA for a systematic review. The articles were selected according to the eligibility criteria according to the PICOS (population, processing, control, results and type of study). The databases used for research were PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, BVS and EMBASE. Experimental studies carried out in rats and mice with a control group that describe treatment with anti-inflammatories (drugs, nutraceuticals, bioactive compounds, among others) were included at any frequency, time and dose. The articles were selected, and the data were extracted by three independent reviewers. The evaluation of the methodological quality of each survey was carried out using the SYRCLE tool. The review was registered with PROSPERO under number: CRD42020182897 and the protocol published in a scientific journal. For systematic review, 1263 articles were selected, with 27 qualified at the end of the search for a review. Among the classes of anti-inflammatory agents, 6 drugs, 17 natural compounds and four synthetic compounds were identified. In view of the studies, it can be inferred that a large part of the bioactive compounds, drugs and synthetic compounds act in metabolic pathways that culminate, mainly, in the reduction of the expression of inflammatory cytokines, which favors a reduction in the infiltration of macrophages in white and adipose tissue. cause polarization process of macrophages of type M1 to M2. It can be noted that the inflammatory pathways overlap to explain the mechanism of action of drugs, natural and synthetic compounds. In view of the heterogeneity of the data, there was no grouping and it was not possible to carry out the meta-analysis. Thus, the systematic review clarifies and systematizes the compound components and drugs in adipose tissue, being of great ex. And generating information for future research on these pathways, the treatment is the most effective treatment of inflammation in obesity.
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- 2021
49. Changes in satiety hormones and safety in the use of tamarind-purified trypsin inhibitor with anti-inflammatory potential in an experimental model of obesity
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Lima, Vanessa Cristina Oliveira de, Maia, Juliana Kelly da Silva, Moreira, Ana Vladia Bandeira, Davim, André Luiz Silva, Machado, Richele Janaina Araújo, Uchoa, Adriana Ferreira, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
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Leptina ,Obesidade ,Tamarindus indica ,Colecistoquinina ,Toxicidade ,Anti-inflamatório - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq A obesidade é uma doença de origem multifatorial, de difícil manejo e que aumenta o risco de outras doenças. Na busca de adjuvantes à terapia clássica de mudança de estilo de vida, os inibidores de tripsina extraídos de tamarindo têm se destacado. Os modelos experimentais de obesidade objetivam mimetizar um padrão alimentar altamente desequilibrado. Para entender como esse padrão altera o equilíbrio hormonal que regula o metabolismo energético, avaliou-se o efeito de uma dieta com alto índice e carga glicêmica (HGLI) no estado nutricional, colecistoquinina (CCK) e leptina plasmáticas e expressão de seus genes no intestino delgado, tronco encefálico e gordura visceral. Ratos Wistar machos (n = 10) foram divididos em dois grupos, um recebendo dieta HGLI e outro dieta padrão, ambos ad libitum, por 17 semanas. Os animais que receberam dieta HGLI aumentaram o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e as concentrações circulantes de leptina e sua expressão gênica. Não houve aumento da CCK plasmática, mas o grupo que recebeu a dieta HGLI apresentou maior expressão de mRNA de CCK1R no intestino delgado. Os resultados sugerem que a leptina estimulou a expressão do gene CCK1R, independentemente do aumento plasmático do CCK, gerando uma ação sinérgica induzida pelo receptor, que pode provocar saciedade pós-prandial. Para entender como inibidores de tripsina podem auxiliar no tratamento da obesidade, realizou-se uma revisão narrativa. Foram encontrados 12 estudos que envolviam a atuação de inibidores de tripsina na saciedade em modelos experimentais, cujo principal mecanismo de ação convergiu para a modulação, principalmente, de CCK. Além disso, observou-se que os inibidores de tripsina apresentam capacidade de atuar sobre parâmetros bioquímicos relacionados à obesidade, emergindo como moléculas promissoras. O Inibidor de Tripsina de Tamarindo tem sido extensamente estudado em modelo de obesidade, mostrando diversas frentes de atuação, tanto em seu estado isolado (ITT), quanto purificado (ITTp). ITT já havia sido analisado do ponto de vista toxicológico. Dessa forma, neste estudo avaliou-se o ITTp quanto a possíveis efeitos tóxicos, com enfoque nos órgãos envolvidos no seu metabolismo (fígado e pâncreas) e os tecidos mais afetados pelo modelo de obesidade (intestino e tecido adiposo visceral). Para tal, o ITTp foi obtido e ratos Wistar (n = 15) foram divididos em grupo controle, alimentado com dieta padrão; grupo com obesidade, alimentado com dieta HGLI; grupo experimental, alimentado com HGLI e tratado com ITTp. O tratamento durou 10 dias. Foram realizadas análises histopatológicas e estereológicas dos tecidos. Observou-se que a administração de ITTp não afetou parâmetros estereológicos dos tecidos analisados, atuando ainda com potencial antiinflamatório. Tal achado leva a crer que ITTp, além de suas atividades biológicas, apresenta segurança quanto ao uso. Obesity is a multifactorial disease, difficult to manage and that increases the risk of other diseases. In the search for adjuvants in classical lifestyle change therapy, trypsin inhibitors extracted from tamarind are prominent. The experimental models of obesity aim to mimic a highly unbalanced dietary pattern. To understand how this pattern changes the hormonal balance that regulates energy metabolism, it evaluates the effect of a diet with a high index and glycemic load (HGLI) without body weight, cholecystokinin (CCK) and plasma leptin and with expression of its genes in the small intestine , brain stem and visceral fat. Male Wistar rats (n = 10) were divided into two groups, receiving a HGLI diet and another standard diet, both ad libitum, for 17 weeks. The animals that received HGLI diet increased the Body Mass Index (BMI) and as circulating leptin and its genetic expression. There was no increase in plasma CCK, but the group that received the HGLI diet showed greater expression of CCK1R mRNA in the small intestine. The results suggested for leptin to stimulate the expression of the CCK1R gene, increase the plasma increase in CCK, generate a synergistic action induced by the receptor, which can cause postprandial satiety. To understand how travel inhibitors can help treat obesity, perform a systematic review. Twelve studies were found that involved the performance of travel inhibitors in satiety in experimental models, whose main mechanism of convergent action for modulation, mainly CCK. In addition, travel inhibitors can act on biochemical parameters related to obesity, emerging as promising molecules. Tamarindo's Trypsin Inhibitor has been extensively studied in the obesity model, showing several fronts of action, both in its isolated (TTI) and purified (pTTI) states. TTI has already been analyzed from a toxicological point of view. Thus, in this study studied or in the pTTI for toxic effects, with involvement in the organs involved in its metabolism (liver and pancreas) and in the tissues most affected by the obesity model (intestine and visceral adipose tissue). For this, pTTI was obtained and Wistar rats (n = 15) were divided into control groups, fed a standard diet; obese group, eating a HGLI diet; experimental group, fed with HGLI and treated with pTTI. The treatment lasted 10 days. Histopathological and stereological analyzes of tissues were performed. Note that the administration of pTTI does not affect the stereological parameters of the analyzed tissues, also acting as a protective factor of the intestinal mucosa. This finding leads one to believe that the pTTI, in addition to its biological activities, is safe in terms of use.
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- 2020
50. Evaluation of the antioxidant potential and stability of nanoencapsulated carotenoid extract from cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo L.) for food application
- Author
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Oliveira, Grazielle Louise Ribeiro de, Amado, Isabel Rodriguez, Sousa Júnior, Francisco Canindé de, Passos, Thais Souza, and Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo
- Subjects
Nanoencapsulação ,β-caroteno ,Potencial antioxidante - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES A nanoencapsulação apresenta-se como uma alternativa para promover o aumento da solubilidade, estabilidade, potencializar e preservar a ação antioxidante dos carotenoides. Neste estudo foi avaliado o potencial e estabilidade antioxidante do extrato de melão Cantaloupe rico em carotenoides (EB) nanoencapsulado em gelatina (EGS), visando à aplicação em alimentos. EGS foi obtida por emulsificação óleo em água (O/A) e, as partículas foram caracterizadas por métodos físicos e químicos. Foram avaliados quanto potencial antioxidante por meio dos testes de sequestro dos radicais livres utilizando 2,2-difenil-2- picrilidrazilo (DPPH•) e ácido 2,2´-azino-bis-(3-etilbenzoatiazolina)-6-sulfônico (ABTS•): (1) EB (0,05 mg/mL); (2) β-caroteno padrão comercial (0,009 mg/mL); (3) nanopartículas sem EB (4,00 mg/mL); (4) EGS (4,05 mg/mL) e; (4) EB extraído das nanopartículas (0,05 mg/mL). Além disso, a estabilidade de EB e EGS foi avaliada à temperatura ambiente e de refrigeração (25 °C e 5 °C, respectivamente) com e sem presença de luz (1600 lux), por 60 dias, por meio (1) da concentração de β-caroteno por Cromatografia Líquida de Ultra Eficiência (CLUE); e (2) do potencial antioxidante por ABTS. A caracterização mostrou nanopartículas esféricas com superfície lisa [90,9 (7.20) nm e 0,56 (0,08)], e interações químicas entre EB e gelatina suína, confirmando o encapsulamento. O percentual de inibição dos radicais ABTS• e DPPH• foi igual a: 1) EB: 22,2 (1,37)% e 18,8 (0,95)%; (2) β-caroteno padrão: 10,7 (1,55)% e 30,6 (0,54)%; (3) nanopartículas sem EB: 0,0 (0,0)% e 0,0 (0,0)%; (4) EGS: 0,0 (0,0)% e 0,0 (0,0)%; (4) EB extraído das nanopartículas: 35,0 (2,15)% e 30,0 (0,25)%. Portanto, a nanoencapsulação potencializou a ação antioxidante de EB na faixa de 57-59%. O estudo de estabilidade mostrou que após 60 dias, EB apresentou baixa retenção de β-caroteno, na faixa de 0 a 43,6%, sendo os menores percentuais à temperatura ambiente claro (0.00%) e escuro (10,0%). Com isso, gerando impacto negativo no potencial antioxidante, que foi completamente perdido nas quatro condições avaliadas (0,0%). Para EB extraído de EGS, ao final de 60 dias, observou-se retenção de 99,0% de β-caroteno no escuro à temperatura ambiente e sob refrigeração. Na exposição à luz, à temperatura ambiente houve perda total de β-caroteno (0,0%) e, sob refrigeração retenção de 83,1%. Portanto, a nanoencapsulação promoveu maior proteção e estabilidade do carotenoide sob refrigeração e à temperatura ambiente na ausência de luz (99,0%). Além disso, nota-se o excelente resultado obtido sob refrigeração em presença de luz. Em relação a inibição do radical ABTS•, verificou-se percentual na faixa de 68,7 – 48,3% após 60 dias, também associados às condições de armazenamento no escuro à temperatura ambiente e sob refrigeração. Portanto, o estudo demonstrou que a Nanotecnologia promoveu a proteção, potencialização da capacidade antioxidante e aumento da estabilidade dos carotenoides de melão Cantaloupe. Dessa forma, aumentando o potencial de aplicação de corantes naturais com propriedade antioxidante em alimentos industrializados. Nanoencapsulation presents itself as an alternative to promote increased solubility, stability, potentiate, and preserve the antioxidant action of carotenoids. In this study, the antioxidant potential and stability of the carotenoid-rich extract of Cantaloupe melon (CE) nanoencapsulated in gelatin (EPG) for application in food was evaluated. EPG was obtained by oil-in-water (O/W) emulsification, and physical and chemical methods characterized the particles. They were evaluated for antioxidant potential through tests using 2,2-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH •) and 2,2´-azino-bis- (3-ethylbenzoatiazolin) -6-sulfonic acid (ABTS •): ( 1) CE (0.05 mg/mL); (2) commercial standard β-carotene (0.009 mg/mL); (3) nanoparticles without CE (4.00 mg/mL); (4) EPG (4.05 mg/mL) and; (4) CE extracted from nanoparticles (0.05 mg/mL). Besides, the stability of CE and EPG was evaluated at room and refrigeration temperature (25 °C and 5 °C, respectively) with and without the presence of light (1600 lux), for 60 days through (1) the concentration of β-carotene by UHPLC; and (2) the antioxidant potential by ABTS•. The characterization showed spherical nanoparticles with a smooth surface [90.9 (7.20) nm and 0.56 (0.08)], and chemical interactions between CE and porcine gelatin, confirming the encapsulation. The percentage of inhibition of ABTS • and DPPH • radicals was equal to: 1) CE: 22.2 (1.37)% and 18.8 (0.95)%; (2) standard β-carotene: 10.7 (1.55)% and 30.6 (0.54)%; (3) nanoparticles without CE: 0.0 (0.0)% and 0.0 (0.0)%; (4) EPG: 0.0 (0.0)% and 0.0 (0.0)%; (4) CE extracted from nanoparticles: 35.0 (2.15)% and 30.0 (0.25)%. Therefore, nanoencapsulation potentiated in the range of 57-59% of the antioxidant activity of CE. The stability study showed that after 60 days, CE showed low retention of βcarotene, in the range of 0 to 43.6%, with the lowest percentages at the light (0.00%) and dark (10.0%) at room temperature. Thus, generating a negative impact on free radicals inhibition, which was completely lost in the four conditions evaluated (0.0%). For CE extracted from EPG, at the end of 60 days, 99.0% retention of β-carotene was observed in the dark at room temperature and under refrigeration. Upon exposure to light, at room temperature, there was a total loss of β-carotene (0.0%) and, under refrigeration, 83.1% retention. Therefore, nanoencapsulation promoted greater protection and stability of the carotenoid under refrigeration and at room temperature in the absence of light (99.0%). Besides, there is an excellent result obtained under refrigeration in the presence of light. Regarding ABTS• inhibition (%), preservation was found in the range of 68.7 - 48.3% after 60 days, also associated with storage conditions in the dark at room temperature and under refrigeration. Therefore, the study demonstrated that Nanotechnology promoted the protection, enhancement, and increased stability of Cantaloupe melon carotenoids. Thus, increasing the potential for applying natural dyes with antioxidant properties in processed foods.
- Published
- 2020
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