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Driver behavior is a key determinant of road safety. Risky behaviors can be measured and quantified using traditional and modern methods, which enables the assessment of the driver's behavior. Following lessons from safety science, it is important to analyse and manage risks factors to optimize interventions in the transport context at the territory. The main objective of the paper is to explore the star rating of the driver's behavior to provide credible road safety monitoring and identification of the factors that most contribute to risky driving behaviors. The Data Envelopment Analysis method for selection of most significant factors is used for star rating of driver's behavior. The subject of the analysis encompasses 18 factors for 27 police administration units (PAUs) in the Republic of Serbia. The results are analysed regarding the following aspects: 1) star rating of driver's behavior and 2) defining the stages of the periodic factors monitoring for each PAU analysed. Using a mobile phone while driving, not using child restraints system, alcohol drunk driving during the night and seat belt use at rear seats of passenger vehicles were identified as the most significant factors associated with risky driving behaviors. Monitoring a broader set of factors helps to identify the strengths and weaknesses of a territory's road safety system. Star rating of driver's behavior as a tool intended for decision-makers ensures monitoring, management, the exchange of evidence-based and customized best practices and defining earlier goal-oriented actions to manage driver's behavior and to prevent risky driving., Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public., Safety and Security Science

Nova generacija optičkog umrežavanja javila se kao rezultat povećanih korisničkih zahteva i potrebe za efikasnim i ekonomičnim korišćenjem spektra i raspoloživog propusnog opsega. Eksponencijalno povećanje obima saobraćaja u optičkim transportnim mrežama neminovno dovodi do dostizanja granice fizičkog kapaciteta optičkog vlakna, tako da će u bliskoj budućnosti zahtev za racionalnim korišćenjem ovog resursa predstavljati imperativ. Izvesno je da trenutno zastupljena tehnologija multipleksiranja po talasnim dužinama neće biti u mogućnosti da podrži buduće saobraćajne zahteve. Fiksni razmak između kanala za posledicu ima veliki deo spektra koji nije iskorišćen, a posebno kod prenosa velikim brzinama. S tim u vezi, aktuelna su rešavanja određenih pitanja koja se odnose na problematiku rutiranja i racionalnog korišćenja optičkih resursa, jer se time može omogućiti dodatni protok na postojećoj infrastrukturi. Optički link prate i visoke cene pa je cilj operatora da sve resurse u mreži implementira i iskoristi na što racionalniji način što je osnovni motiv za istraživanja sprovedena u okviru doktorske disertacije. Istraživanja su usmerena na odgovarajuće tehnike saobraćajnog inženjeringa kojima se postiže preraspodela saobraćajnih tokova u mreži i racionalna upotreba resursa. Time se stvaraju uslovi za opsluživanje dodatnih saobraćajnih zahteva. U istraživanju su ispitani efekti primene konverzije talasnih dužina i parametri koji najviše utiču na performanse mreže. Lokacije i broj konvertora su istražene za različite topologije i stepen povezanosti mreža, intenzitet saobraćaja i maksimalan broj talasnih dužina. Agregacija saobraćaja, koja podrazumeva izvorno grupisanje konekcija, posebno je istražena u elastičnim optičkim mrežama koje se mogu posmatrati kao tip WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) mreža u kojima se kao jedinični resurs posmatra frekvencijski slot umesto talasne dužine. Takve mreže omogućavaju fleksibilno podržavanje različitih binarnih protoka prema spec, The new generation of optical networking raised as a result of increasing users' traffic demands and the need for efficient and cost-effective spectrum and bandwidth usage in. Exponential growth of traffic volume in optical transport networks inevitably results in reaching the physical fiber limit capacity and hence, its rationale usage will be an imperative in the near future. It is certain that currently deployed wavelength division multiplexing technology will not be able to cope with the future traffic demands. Fixed channel spacing results in a large spectrum wastage, especially for high speed transmissions. Therefore, the issues related to the routing problem and rationale spectrum usage are of the interest because the additional capacity can be provided at the existing infrastructure. The optical link is followed by high prices and the operator’s goal is to implement and use all the network resources in the most rational manner possible, what is the main motivation for the research conducted within this dissertation. The research is focused on appropriate traffic engineering techniques that achieve the traffic flow redistribution in the network and rational use of resources. That makes conditions for serving additional traffic demands. The effects of applying wavelength conversion and parameters which most influence the network performances are investigated. Locations and the number of converters are investigated under different network topologies and connectivities, traffic load and maximum number of available wavelengths. Traffic grooming, that means source connections grooming has been particularly investigated in elastic optical networks, which represent a form of WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) networks where a frequency slot is treated as a unit resource instead of wavelength. Such networks have the ability to adjust data rates to fit specific user demands. Groomed connections are generated in optical transmitter, thus making it possible to elimi