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Background: The FAKHRAVAC®, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, was assessed for safety and immunogenicity., Methods and Findings: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase I trial, we randomly assigned 135 healthy adults between 18 and 55 to receive vaccine strengths of 5 or 10 μg/dose or placebo (adjuvant only) in 0-14 or 0-21 schedules. This trial was conducted in a single center in a community setting. The safety outcomes in this study were reactogenicity, local and systemic adverse reactions, abnormal laboratory findings, and Medically Attended Adverse Events (MAAE). Immunogenicity outcomes include serum neutralizing antibody activity and specific IgG antibody levels.The most frequent local adverse reaction was tenderness (28.9%), and the most frequent systemic adverse reaction was headache (9.6%). All adverse reactions were mild, occurred at a similar incidence in all six groups, and were resolved within a few days. In the 10-µg/dose vaccine group, the geometric mean ratio for neutralizing antibody titers at two weeks after the second injection compared to the placebo group was 9.03 (95% CI: 3.89-20.95) in the 0-14 schedule and 11.77 (95% CI: 2.77-49.94) in the 0-21 schedule. The corresponding figures for the 5-µg/dose group were 2.74 (1.2-6.28) and 5.2 (1.63-16.55). The highest seroconversion rate (four-fold increase) was related to the 10-µg/dose group (71% and 67% in the 0-14 and 0-21 schedules, respectively)., Conclusions: FAKHRAVAC® is safe and induces a strong humoral immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus at 10-µg/dose vaccine strength in adults aged 18-55. This vaccine strength was used for further assessment in the phase II trial.Trial registrationThis study is registered with https://www.irct.ir; IRCT20210206050259N1., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: SGH, PKH, MH, SKH, MSH, HM, SM, BSH, HA, AM, and AKH are employees of Milad Daro Noor Pharmaceutical (MDNP). MSD is an Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS) employee. MSD, AA, MA, ASH, ZR, FGH, and KG are members of the clinical trial center of the Iran University of Medical Science that acted as academic CRO. All other authors declare no other competing interests., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies among females and is correlated with a significant fatality rate. Chemotherapy is the most common treatment for cervical cancer; however, it has a low success rate due to significant side effects and the incidence of chemo-resistance. Curcumin, a polyphenolic natural compound derived from turmeric, acts as an antioxidant by diffusing across cell membranes into the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and nucleus, where it performs its effects. As a result, it's been promoted as a chemo-preventive, anti-metastatic, and anti-angiogenic agent. As a consequence, the main goal of the present review was to gather research information that looked at the link between curcumin and its derivatives against cervical cancer., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Proteins are natural amphiphilic polymers that often have good emulsifying, gelling, and structure forming properties. Consequently, they can be used to assemble protein-based colloidal delivery systems for bioactive agents, such as nanoemulsions, protein nanoparticles, or microgels. However, the functional performance of some proteins is limited because of their poor water-solubility, a tendency to aggregate, and or low surface activity, which limits their application for this purpose. Therefore, physicochemical modification is often necessary to improve their technofunctional characteristics. High-intensity ultrasound (HIU) is a non-thermal processing method that has considerable potential for the modification of the structural, physicochemical, and functional properties of proteins. In this article, we review the impact of sonication on the properties of proteins, including their size, charge, surface hydrophobicity, flexibility, solubility, free sulfhydryl groups, and disulfide bond formation. In addition, the influence of sonication on the emulsifying, foaming, gelling, and encapsulation properties of proteins is reviewed. Previous studies show that high-intensity ultrasound treatments have a strong influence on the molecular characteristics of proteins (increasing their solubility, flexibility, and functionality), which improves their ability to form colloidal delivery systems., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Aims: Despite the need for timely return of patients for visit and blood sugar control, rate of attendance to health centers is low. This qualitative study was conducted to identify and explain the status of diabetics' referral to rural health centers of Ahvaz from the patients and participants' point of view., Materials and Methods: This research was performed with qualitative approach and phenomenological method in 2016. Using semi-structured interview with 14 diabetic patients, 6 health workers, 3 doctors and 3 members of the patient's families the required data were collected. Data were analysis simultaneously using the software Max Q D12 and the main themes were identified., Results: The data analysis was performed and 5 main themes and 19 sub-themes were derived, including the following: 1. Personal Barriers 2. economic and social barriers 3. environmental barriers 4. Organizational barriers and 5. barriers related to service providers: lack of patients reverence, staff absenteeism at work, lack of patients follow-up, poor doctor-patient relationship., Conclusion: The main themes of this research were extracted including five main personal, economic, social, environmental, organizational causes and the causes related to service providers. It seems that knowledge and awareness can be promoted by educating patients and their families, service provider personnel; also cost and time taken for the patients can be decreased and index of blood sugar control percentage can be increased by providing special facilities near the patient's location, setting up electronic referral system and sending feedback and cross-sector collaborations., (Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

In this study, in order to introduce natural antioxidative vegetable oil in food industry, the kolkhoung hull oil and kernel oil were extracted. To evaluate their antioxidant efficiency, gas chromatography analysis of the composition of kolkhoung hull and kernel oil fatty acids and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of tocopherols were done. Also, the oxidative stability of the oil was considered based on the peroxide value and anisidine value during heating at 100, 110 and 120 °C. Gas chromatography analysis showed that oleic acid was the major fatty acid of both types of oil (hull and kernel) and based on a low content of saturated fatty acids, high content of monounsaturated fatty acids, and the ratio of ω-6 and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, they were nutritionally well--balanced. Moreover, both hull and kernel oil showed high oxidative stability during heating, which can be attributed to high content of tocotrienols. Based on the results, kolkhoung hull oil acted slightly better than its kernel oil. However, both of them can be added to oxidation-sensitive oils to improve their shelf life.