Search

To support effective and successful projects, Service Design practitioners rely on insights that mainly build on qualitative research methodology. The literature on data science promises to help transform how design research is done, adding sophisticated quantitative analyses, complementing existing methods with the power of machines. Due to this potential, data science receives widespread attention from both design practitioners and academics. However, the literature is fragmented and specialized, making it hard for designers to engage with data science. This paper addresses the opportunities and challenges for data science to support Service Design projects, evaluating existing technologies from designers’ perspective and providing an entry-level guide for service designers. These methods can help increase the quality of design research, making hidden information accessible and assisting creative processes. Together, these results are expected to inspire organizations to advance their data science resources for Service Design projects.

In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the human, social and economic benefits that experience design can bring to nations and organisations. Experience design is the process of enhancing users’ trust, satisfaction and recognition of a product, service and system by improving the users’ perception of the innovativeness, aesthetics and relevance of the experience provided in the interaction between the users and the product, service and system’s design elements in a particular context. It takes the users’ cognitive and emotional experience as its starting point and focuses on developing products, services and systems that could enable that experience. Experience design elements include information, navigation, engagement, entertainment and personalisation (adapted from Cheung 2016; Cheung 2020). Google Search, Google Maps and YouTube are illustrative of how intrinsic to our daily lives innovative experience designs have become. Tencent has its WeChat platform able to support location-based social plug-ins, allowing users to befriend and chat with nearby strangers through a simple shake of their smartphones. These types of experience systems did not exist in the pre-digital era and are now the focus of creative design. Alibaba’s Tmall and Taobao implement technology-enabled forms of electronic payment security, product quality assurance and online dispute resolution to combat user distrust of online purchases. The success of these companies stems from the experience design strategies that they use, in which users are reached and connected through multiple touchpoints and interactions relevant to their sociocultural contexts. Experience design changes the nature and environments of physical artefacts by integrating digital systems and resources with the physical world. It can redefine the functionality, meaning and value of products, services and systems, strategically transforming them into highly integrated ecosystems capable of enhancing the sustainability and humaneness of our social and economic environments while offering industries a competitive edge. The sustainability of the experience ecosystems also relies on involving the users in exchanging value in ways that are mutually beneficial socially, economically and technologically over time. For example, Amazon, eBay and Taobao provide user-friendly interfaces that have enabled their users to create a new wave of small businesses and services on their platforms.

Customer experience has emerged as the leading arena for competition, being suggested as the main path to the development of competitive advantages in the global market (Gentile et al. 2007). As the notion that the experience is the brand has grown, Service Design has attracted attention for its ability to design superior customer experiences. Yet, little has been said about the role the brand plays in the Service Design process, and in the management of the customer experience.

Magnetic effects induced in ethanolic fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain DAUFPE-1012 were studied during a 24 h exposure to 220 mT steady magnetic fields (SMF) at 23 +/- 1 degrees C, produced by NdFeB rod magnets. The magnets were attached diametrically opposed (N to S) to a cylindrical tube reactor. The biomass growth in the reactor culture media (yeast extract + glucose 2%) during 24 h was monitored by measurements of optical density, which was correlated to cell dry weight. Ethanol concentration and glucose level were measured every 2 h. The pH of the culture media was maintained between 4 and 5. As a result, biomass (g/L) increased 2.5-fold and ethanol concentration 3.4-fold in magnetized cultures (n = 8) as compared with SMF nonexposed cultures (n = 8). Glucose consumption was higher in magnetized cultures, which correlated to the ethanol yield.

Biomass growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DAUFPE-1012 was studied in eight batch fermentations exposed to steady magnetic fields (SMF) running at 23ºC (± 1ºC), for 24 h in a double cylindrical tube reactor with synchronic agitation. For every batch, one tube was exposed to 220mT flow intensity SMF, produced by NdFeB rod magnets attached diametrically opposed (N to S) magnets on one tube. In the other tube, without magnets, the fermentation occurred in the same conditions. The biomass growth in culture (yeast extract + glucose 2%) was monitored by spectrometry to obtain the absorbance and later, the corresponding cell dry weight. The culture glucose concentration was monitored every two hours so as the pH, which was maintained between 4 and 5. As a result, the biomass (g/L) increment was 2.5 times greater in magnetized cultures (n=8) as compared with SMF non-exposed cultures (n=8). The differential (SMF-control) biomass growth rate (135%) was slightly higher than the glucose consumption rate (130 %) leading to increased biomass production of the magnetized cells.O crescimento da biomassa da Saccharomyces cerevisiae DAUFPE-1012 foi estudado em oito bateladas de fermentação, cada uma exposta aos campos magnéticos contínuos (CMC), à 23ºC (± 1ºC), durante um período de 24 horas em um reator duplo com agitação sincrônica. Em cada batelada,um tubo foi exposto ao CMC, com 220mT de intensidade de fluxo, produzidos por imãs de NdFeB fixados diametralmente opostos (N para S) em um tubo do reator de fermentação. Em outro tubo, sem imãs, a fermentação ocorreu nas mesmas condições. O crescimento da biomassa nas culturas (extrato de fermento + glicose 2%) foi monitorado através de espectrometria e correlacionado ao peso seco de levedura. A concentração de glicose nas culturas foi monitorada a cada duas horas e o pH foi mantido entre 4 e 5. Como resultado, a biomassa (g/L) aumentou 2,5 vezes nas culturas magnetizadas (n=8) quando comparadas com as culturas não expostas (n=8). A taxa de crescimento diferencial (CMC-controle) da biomassa (135%) foi levemente maior que a taxa de consumo de glicose (130 %) sugerindo um ganho no processo de produção de biomassa nas células magnetizadas.

The transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) analgesic effect is produced by β-endorphin release that interacts with captopril, a drug used for arterial hypertension treatment that affects thyroid hormones secretion, mainly 3,5,3′ triiodothyronine (T3). To study correlations between TENS (9 Hz×30 min), captopril, and T3, Mus musculus mice received nociceptive stimulation (writhe-induced model) and were treated with captopril (1 mg/kg) and TENS and had the T3 serum level evaluated. Results indicated that T3 serum level rose slightly after TENS application and captopril separately but increased more after captopril alone. In addition, the antinociceptive effect produced by electric stimulation was enhanced by captopril with a high statistical significance (p

Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures exposed to 110 mT and 220 mT steady magnetic fields (SMF) were studied to observe eventual induced growth alterations and changes in metabolic activity. Cell mass (biomass) growth was evaluated by light spectrometry, and metabolic alterations were estimated on the basis of the CO2 pressure produced and by the culture media pH changes, measured at the beginning and the end of the observation. The yeast strain DAUFPE-1012, cultivated in a nonaerated liquid agar Sabouraud glucose medium, was exposed to SMF generated by NdFeBr magnets. Results showed alterations induced by 220 mT SMF as an increment in cell proliferation (1.84%) and an increased CO2 production (36.1%) as compared to control groups. Furthermore, the initial-to-final pH difference in 220 mT SMF exposed cultures was higher than the 110 mT SMF and the control values. The whole acidification and the rise in CO2 production observed after 220 mT SMF exposure did not correspond to the biomass growth values, as compared to the other cultures, and was apparently provoked by a enhancement in the cellular metabolic rate. This technique becomes very promising for future biotechnological applications in fermentative processes.

Objetivo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar os efeitos da TENS na dor induzida por crioestimulação em relação ao efeito placebo em voluntários jovens e hígidos. Método. Foram formados aleatoriamente os grupos TENS de alta (100 Hz) e baixa (10 Hz) frequência, com ondas bifásicas assimétricas balanceadas com duração de pulso de 1ms e o grupo placebo, com 15 voluntários em cada um, que passaram por seis ciclos de crioestimulação: dois sem tratamento (controle), dois com tratamento de TENS ou placebo, além de dois com estimulação posterior ao tratamento. Assim, em cada ciclo, a dor induzida por crioestimulação, promovida pela imersão da mão em água gelada (0°C a 2°C), foi quantificada a latência do limiar da dor e a intensidade da dor. Resultados. Os resultados mostraram valores da latência do limiar de dor e da intensidade da dor não significante, quando comparados os grupos (TENS de alta e baixa frequência e o placebo) e os ciclos (antes, durante e após a aplicação dos estímulos). Conclusão. Portanto, foi observado que dentro dos parâmetros utilizados, não houve redução da latência do limiar de dor e nem da intensidade da dor induzida pelo frio com o uso da TENS.

INTRODUÇÃO: A dor é um fenômeno multidimensional que dificulta o desenvolvimento das atividades cotidianas. A aplicação de estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation - TENS) está entre uma das modalidades mais usadas para o tratamento da dor. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se a TENS acupuntural (baixa frequência) influencia a dor aguda produzida pela hipotermia local em indivíduos saudáveis, quando os eletrodos estão localizados nos acupontos TA5 e CS6 e na aplicação placebo. MÉTODOS: Trinta e dois voluntários, de ambos os gêneros, foram alocados, aleatoriamente, nos grupos TENS e placebo. O estudo consistiu em três momentos: hipotermia sem eletroanalgesia, hipotermia com eletroanalgesia ou placebo, e hipotermia pós-eletroanalgesia ou placebo, para avaliar o efeito da TENS e do placebo na latência do limiar de dor e na intensidade da dor. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que a latência do limiar de dor aumenta significativamente quando comparados os momentos antes e depois do uso da TENS, enquanto o grupo placebo não mostrou significância entre seus ciclos de experimentação. A intensidade da dor não sofreu influencia da TENS e do placebo. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados sugerem que a TENS acupuntural aplicada sobre a área dos acupontos TA5 e CS6 é eficaz em aumentar a latência do limiar de dor, mas não interfere na intensidade da dor.

Foram estudadas alterações na fecundidade e no teor protéico do sistema reprodutor de moluscos adultos B. Glabrata expostos ao oxifluorfem. O objetivo maior deste estudo foi detectar indução genotóxica em 6 grupos de 10 animais selecionados e segregados. Um grupo controle não teve contatos com o herbicida e os restantes foram expostos ao oxifluorfem (Goal®BR) em concentrações de 125; 0,25; 0,5; 0,75 e 1 ppm durante 10 dias. Os resultados mostraram redução da fecundidade, dependente da dose até a concentração de 0,25 ppm do herbicida, porém nas doses maiores houve razoável aumento no número de ovos liberados em relação ao grupo controle. Foi observada alteração do conteúdo protéico com perda de 22% a 72% das bandas, analisadas por SDS-PAGE. Não foi detectada proteína hsp70, sugerindo ausência de estresse oxidativo nas concentrações utilizadas.

1. In the present study, the antinociceptive action of captopril was investigated, as well as its association with transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), in mice under nociceptive stimulation. 2. The modulation of abdominal contortions (writhes) produced by acetic acid was observed in order to evaluate captopril pain stimuli blockade. 3. The administration of captopril produced a significant reduction of nociception, which was further reduced when captopril was associated with TENS. 4. Apparently this increase in the inhibition of nociception was produced by an indirect mechanism, involving opioid liberation by TENS and an enzymatic inhibition induced by captopril and this may lead to clinical applications of captopril and TENS association in pain relief.

The variation of resistance to 60Co gamma-rays of Biomphalaria glabrata was studied. A population of 480 mollusks was observed during 30 days - distributed in 8 groups of snails isolated and 8 groups of snails in colonies - after exposure (30 snails per group per dose) to increasing doses of gamma radiation. Doses of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 160, 320 and 640 Gy from a Gamma-cell 60Co irradiator, were applied to the test groups and two groups control (non-irradiated) of snails - isolated and colony - were kept apart. After have been exposed, the snails were drew back to the aquaria where they were maintained before. The survival was estimated on a daily score of the alive animals in each group-dose, starting after the irradiation exposure day. As a result, the survival self-fertilization forms (DL50/30 = 218.2 Gy) was found greater than in cross-fecundation forms. These data point to a low radio-resistance on the cross-fertilization forms - the sexual reproductive form - which is most found in nature. The lower radio-resistance of the cross-fertilization forms suggests the presence of some sex-linked hormonal factor related to this phenomenon. A variação da resistência entre indivíduos em autofecundação e fecundação cruzada de Biomphalaria glabrata foram estudadas. Uma população de 480 moluscos foi observada durante 29 dias, distribuída em 8 grupos de caramujos isolados e 8 grupos em colônias após a exposição (30 caramujos por grupo-dose) a doses crescentes de radiação gama. Foram usadas doses de 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 160, 320 e 640 Gy de um irradiador Gamma-Cell 60Co. Dois grupos não irradiados - isolado e colônia - foram separados como controle e após a irradiação todos os caramujos voltaram para aquários onde viviam antes. A sobrevida foi estimada pela contagem diária dos animais vivos em cada grupo-dose, a partir do dia da irradiação. O resultado mostrou maior sobrevivência nos grupos isolados (DL50/30 = 218.2 Gy) que nos grupos colonizados (DL50/30 = 59 Gy). Estes dados apontam para uma baixa radio-resistência nos grupos colonizados - com forma de reprodução sexuada - que são mais comuns na natureza. A baixa resistência observada sugere a presença de fatores humorais e hormônios sexuais ligados ao fenômeno

Doses of 60Co gamma radiation with 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; 35; 40; 45; 50; 55; 60; 80; 160; 320 and 640 Gy were applied to 1, 080 snails Biomphalaria straminea, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, divided in groups containing 30 mollusks. In addition, 60 non irradiated snails were kept as control. Fifty percent of the population was kept in colonies (allowing cross fertilization) while the other half was maintained in sexual isolation (allowing self fertilization) and during one month their growth was observed through the daily measurement of the shell diameter. Results showed that after 20 Gy doses the growth in shell diameter of irradiated snails was greater than that of the control group after 30 days. At this dose the snail size was the greatest, among all isolated groups. The 80 Gy doses also induced the final shell diameter of isolated snails to be greater then that observed in the control groups. As this effect was most evident among the isolated snails, a possible hormonal role may have been involved in the observed phenomena, which is under investigation with the objective of identifying any future applications that this could have to schistosomiasis control.

A population of 420 snails Biomphalaria straminea, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, received gamma-rays obtained from a 60Co source in low-doses (0/2,5/5/7,5/10/15/20 and 25 Gy); half population was kept in colonies (allowing cross fertilization) and the other half was maintained in sexual isolation (allowing self fertilization). Results showed that 15 Gy stimulates the fertility of both groups but the colonies were more sensitive and at this dose its fertility overpasses the control group dose. The possible hormonal role played in the observed phenomena is under investigation.