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Purpose: The COVID19 pandemic has caused a redistribution of hospital resources. Prioritization strategies are needed in order to organize elective surgeries. We compared the new Medically Necessary Time-Sensitive score (MeNTS) and its factors (disease, procedure, and patient factors) between operated and deferred cases, and also to a subjective priority scale in the Urology department. Methods: The MeNTS score and a subjective prioritization scale were prospective applied to all patients included on the surgical waiting list from March 10 to September 9, 2020. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare MeNTS scores between operated and non-operated groups. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare MeNTS scores between three subjective priority groups. Results: A total of 150 cases were operated while 100 were deferred. Median total MeNTS score in the operated group was 39.5 whereas in the non-operated group it was 38 ( p = 0.135). Median disease factors score was 9.5 in the operated group and 11 in the non-operated group( p = 0.033). Median procedure factors score was 10 in both groups ( p = 0.02). Median patient factors score was 17 in the operated group and 18 in the non-operated group ( p = 0.210). Disease factors displayed a significant difference between the three subjective priority groups Conclusions: Total MeNTS score does not show significant differences between operated and non-operated patients. However, we demonstrate a relationship between MeNTS disease factors and the operated group as well as with the subjective priority scale.

Whether treatment with an implant-supported fixed partial prosthesis (ISFPP) affects the masticatory rhythm in patients with unilateral posterior missing teeth is unclear.The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to determine the change in masticatory rhythm in participants with unilateral posterior missing teeth 3 months after treatment with an ISFPP and to assess whether treatment influenced the stability of the masticatory rhythm.Thirty participants (mean age 59 years; 17 women) with unilateral posterior missing teeth were treated with 1-, 2-, or 3-unit ISFPPs. Ten healthy individuals (mean age 36 years; 8 women) with a complete natural dentition were included in a control group. In this prospective study, each participant performed 3 masticatory assays (freestyle, unilateral right, and unilateral left) at baseline and at the 3-month follow-up. Each assay comprised 5 trials of 20 cycles masticating pieces of silicone placed in a latex bag. The time needed to complete the 20 masticatory cycles per trial was measured, and the mean masticatory frequency was calculated for each assay. Coefficients of variation were then calculated from the 5 mean values of the masticatory trials. Differences in the data at 3 months and baseline were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon or paired t tests. The control and treated groups were compared by analysis of variance or Mann-Whitney U tests (α=.05).After 3 months, participants treated with ISFPPs showed an increase of 8.7% in masticatory frequency during freestyle mastication (P.001) and an 8.0% increase during unilateral mastication on the treated side (P.01). At baseline, the coefficient of variation of masticatory frequency on the treated side was higher in the ISFPP group than in the control group during unilateral mastication (P=.033). Three months after treatment, there was a significant reduction in the coefficient of variation during unilateral mastication on the treated side of the ISFPP group (P.001). The treatment group also reached a masticatory frequency similar to that of the control group (75 and 78 cycles per minute, respectively).Treatment with ISFPPs accelerated the masticatory rhythm of individuals with unilateral posterior missing teeth, who achieve similar rhythms to those with complete natural dentitions. The stability of the masticatory rhythm was also restored, indicating an improvement in masticatory function.

Renal cell carcinoma is among major causes of death in patients with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome, and it usually presents with multiple and bilateral lesions that may require multiple renal surgeries. This, in turn, may compromise renal function, resulting in end-stage renal disease. To minimize renal function impairment in these patients, great importance is given to the preservation of functional parenchyma with the use of nephron-sparing techniques. Furthermore, new techniques such as off-clamp surgery, selective suturing or sutureless techniques may improve long-term functional outcomes. We described the case of a 27-year-old male patient with a family history of VHL disease affected by multiple, bilateral renal masses. He received bilateral, metachronous robot-assisted partial nephrectomies (RAPN) for a total of 15 renal lesions. No intra- or post-operative complications occurred, and the patient was discharged on the second postoperative day after both procedures. Serum creatinine after the second RAPN was 0.99 mg/dl (baseline value was 1.11 mg/dl). In patients with VHL syndrome and multiple renal lesions, robot-assisted partial nephrectomy, especially with the use of clampless and sutureless techniques, helps minimizing renal function impairment and should be performed when anatomically and technically feasible.

Background: RENAL and PADUA scoring systems have been designed and validated as a method to assess the complexity of renal masses and predict the risk of perioperative complications. We aimed to evaluate if there is an association between RENAL and PADUA nephrometry scores with the Trifecta and Pentafecta achievement. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analysed the data from 102 patients with renal cell carcinoma who underwent partial nephrectomy from January 2011 to October 2018 at our institution. Radiological characteristics of the renal masses were scored according to the RENAL and PADUA classification. Trifecta and Pentafecta achievement were collected. We performed a descriptive analysis and used de ?2 test to evaluate the relationship between PADUA and RENAL scores and Trifecta and Pentafecta achievement. Result: Among 102 patients, the median tumor size was 2.7 cm (IQR 0.8-7.5), the median RENAL score was 7 (IQR 4-11) and PADUA score 8 (IQR 6-14). The overall rate of postoperative complications was 21.6% (n=22). The rates of Trifecta and Pentafecta achievement were 50% (n=51/102) and 46.1% (n=47/102), respectively. Trifecta and Pentafecta achievement were higher when the PADUA score was ?10 (OR 3.62; IC95% (1.08-12.11); p=0.0317) and (OR 4.98; IC95% (1.32-18.7); p=0.0175), respectively. Likewise, Trifecta and Pentafecta achievement were higher in patients with RENAL score ? 8 (OR 4.09; IC95% (1.46-11.42); p=0.0072) and (OR 4.92; IC95% (1.66-14.51); p=0.0039), respectively. Conclusion: There is an association between the RENAL and PADUA nephrometry scores and the Trifecta and Pentafecta achievement.

A significant proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who successfully achieve virological suppression fail to recover CD4

Worldwide, we have witnessed an expansion of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) and thanks to the global adoption of high-resolution diagnostic imaging technologies, an increased incidence of newly diagnosed prostatic, renal and bladder cancers has been recorded with concurrent second primary urological cancer diagnoses increasing by 1.5%. Diverse authors have reported their findings concerning synchronous multi-visceral malignances robotic treatment within the scientific literature. The aim of this study is to comprehensively review all reported articles describing concurrent upper and lower RALS using a singular robotic port scheme within the same intervention for renal malignances and concomitant prostatic or bladder cancers. To the best of our knowledge and vigorous literature search, this is the first study that comprehensively evaluates and reports all combined upper and lower urinary tract surgeries published so far. In carefully selected patients, thanks to multidisciplinary preoperative assessment and surgical planning a combined robotic approach can reduce the morbidity, complications, hospital admissions and the overall length of hospitalization.

Long-term oncologic data on patients undergoing robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) for non-metastatic bladder cancer (BCa) are limited. The purpose of this study is to describe long-term oncologic outcomes of patients receiving robotic radical cystectomy at a high-volume European Institution. We analyzed data of 107 patients treated with RARC between 2003 and 2012 at a high-volume robotic center. Clinical, pathologic, and survival data at the latest follow-up were collected. Clinical recurrence (CR)-free survival, cancer-specific mortality (CSM)-free survival, and overall survival (OS) were plotted using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Cox proportional hazard models investigated predictors of CR and CSM. Competing-risk regressions were utilized to depict cumulative incidences of death from BCa and death from other causes after RARC at long term. Pathologic nonorgan-confined BCa was found in 40% of patients, and 7 (7%) patients had positive soft tissue surgical margins. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) number of nodes removed was 11 (6, 14), and 26% of patients had pN + disease. Median (IQR) follow-up for survivors was 123 (117, 149) months. The 12-year CR-free, CSM-free and overall survival were 55% (95% confidence interval [CI] 44%, 65%), 62% (95% CI 50%, 72%), and 34% (95% CI 24%, 44%), respectively. Nodal involvement on final pathology was associated with poor prognosis on multivariable competing risk analysis. The cumulative incidence of non-cancer death exceeded that of death from BCa after approximately ten years after RARC. We provided relevant data on oncologic outcomes of RARC at a high-volume robotic center, with acceptable rates of clinical recurrence and cancer-specific survival at long-term. In patients treated with RARC, the cumulative incidence of death from causes other than BCa is non-negligible, and should be taken into consideration for post-operative follow-up.

We present a case of a woman affected by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and distal renal tubular acidosis (DRTA) that during pregnancy presented an exacerbation of SLE together with a renal colic with spontaneous stone passage. Radiological exam revealed diffuse calcifications in both kidneys which suggests, in a context of DRTA, a nephrocalcinosis. With the stabilization of SLE and medical treatment directed to correct metabolic alterations we achieved radiological and clinical stability of lithiasic disease.Se presenta el caso de una mujer afecta de Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES) y acidosis tubular renal distal (ATRD) que en el embarazo presenta una exacerbacióndel LES junto con un cuadro de cólico nefrítico con expulsión espontánea de cálculos. Las pruebas radiológicas muestran calcificaciones difusas en ambos parénquimas renales lo cual sugiere, en el contexto de una ATRD, una nefrocalcinosis. Junto con la estabilización del LES y un tratamiento médico dirigido a corregir las alteraciones metabólicas se alcanza una estabilidad radiológica y clínica de la enfermedad litiásica.

© 2020 The Authors., [Background]: The underlying mechanisms of incomplete immune reconstitution in treated HIV-positive patients are very complex and may be multifactorial, but perturbation of chemokine secretion could play a key role in CD4+ T-cell turnover., [Methods]: We evaluated the circulating baseline and 48-week follow-up concentrations of SDF-1/CXCL12, fractalkine/CX3CL1, MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-α/CCL3, MIP-β/CCL4 and RANTES/CCL5, and we estimated their association with CXCL12, CX3CR1, CCR2, CCL5 and CCR5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to investigate multiple chemokine-chemokine receptor signatures associated with immune dysregulation preceding poor immune recovery., [Findings]: The circulating concentrations and gene expression patterns of SDF-1/CXCL12 (CXCL12 rs1801157) and MCP-1/CCL2 (CCR2 rs1799864_814) were associated with immune recovery status. CCR2 rs1799864_814 and CCR5 rs333_814 (Δ32) determine the baseline plasma RANTES and MIP-α concentrations, respectively, in participants with poor immune response., [Interpretation]: SDF-1/CXCL12 and MCP-1/CCL2 could be considered prognostic markers of immune failure despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy. The strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) between CCR2 rs1799864_814 and CCR5 rs1800024 indicated that the alleles of each gene are inherited together more often than would be expected by chance., This work was supported by the Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [PI10/02635, PI13/0796, PI14/ 0063, PI14/0700, PI16/00503, PI17/0420, PI17/0498, PI18/01216, PI19/01337 and PI20/00326]-ISCIII-FEDER (co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund; “A way to make Europe”/”Investing in your future”); Programa de Suport als Grups de Recerca AGAUR (2014SGR250, 2017SGR948); Gilead Fellowship Program GLD14/293and GLD19/00,008; and The SPANISH AIDS Research Network [RD12/0017/0005, RD16/0025/0002, RD16/0025/0006, RD16/0025/0019]-ISCIII-FEDER (Spain). FV is supported by grants from the Programa de Intensificación de Investigadores (INT20/00031)-ISCIII. PD is supported by grants from the Programa de Intensificación de Investigadores (INT19/00036)-ISCIII. YMP is supported by the Servicio Andaluz de Salud through Programa Nicolás Monardes (C-0013/17). JVG is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) under grant agreement “FI19/00330″ through the program “Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud”. EY is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) under grant agreement “FI20/00118″ through the program “Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud”. LR is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) under grant agreement “CD20/00105″ through the program “Sara Borrell”. AR is supported by a grant from the Acció Instrumental d'incorporació de científics i tecnòòlegs (PERIS SLT002/16/00,101), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, by IISPV through the project “2019/IISPV/05″ (Boosting Young Talent), by GeSIDA through the "III Premio para Jóvenes Investigadores 2019″ and by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) under grant agreement “CP19/00,146″ through the Miguel Servet Program.