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Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are common health problems in the elderly in the community. Research on the status and influencing factors of MCI in the elderly with T2DM who participate in community management is needed. Objective To explore the cognitive characteristics and related factors of elderly patients with T2DM complicated with MCI under community management. Methods From July to October 2022, a total of 399 patients with type 2 diabetes over 60 years of age in a community health service center in Shanghai were selected by systematic sampling method. General demographic data and health problems, physical examination and laboratory test results, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), total triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were collected. They were divided into MCI group (n=157) and non-MCI group (n=242) according to the presence or absence of MCI. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of MCI in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes under community management. Results The prevalence of MCI was 39.3% (157/399) in community-managed elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The comparison of cognitive characteristics between MCI group and non-MCI group showed that the MCI group had higher abnormality rates in executive function, orientation, calculation, abstraction, delayed memory, visual perception, naming and attention than the non-MCI group, and the differences were statistically significant (P9% (OR=5.106, 95%CI=2.150-12.130), LDL-C (OR=2.451, 95%CI=1.266-4.743), 7-12 years of education (OR=0.419, 95%CI=0.183-0.960) and >12 years (OR=0.243, 95%CI=0.086-0.692) was the influencing factor for MCI in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (P9% and high level of LDC. High level of education is a protective factor for MCI in community-managed elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Early cognitive impairment screening, long-term blood glucose control, and lowering LDL-C levels are helpful to improve the cognitive function of community-managed elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with different current density on upper limb motor disorder in stroke patients. Methods A total of 45 stroke patients with upper limb motor disorder hospitalized in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from March 2019 to June 2022 were selected and randomly divided into low current density stimulation group (low density group, 0.028 mA/cm2), medium current density stimulation group (medium density group, 0.057 mA/cm2), high current density stimulation group (high density group, 0.080 mA/cm2), 15 cases in each group. Upper limb motor function was evaluated by Fugl‑Meyer Assessment Scale for Upper Extremity (FMA‑UE) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) before and one week after treatment, and activity of daily living was evaluated by modified Barthel Index (mBI). Results After treatment of tDCS, FMA‑UE (F = 284.343, P = 0.000), ARAT (F = 180.427, P = 0.000) and mBI (F = 487.159, P = 0.000) scores in 3 groups were improved compared with those before treatment. FMA‑UE (F = 2.293, P = 0.000) and ARAT (F = 2.572, P = 0.000) scores were significantly different among 3 groups, FMA‑UE (t = 2.426, P = 0.029; t = 2.140, P = 0.035) and ARAT (t = 2.537, P = 0.024; t = 2.353, P = 0.028) scores in high density group and medium density group were higher than those in low density group. Conclusions tDCS is safe and effective in the treatment of upper limb motor disorder after stroke. Current densities of 0.057 and 0.080 mA/cm2 are more effective than those of 0.028 mA/cm2.

The food infected by Alternaria species can produce Alternaria toxins with genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and developmental toxicity. Due to the low content of Alternaria toxins with greatly different chemical structures in food, it is necessary to establish a reliable and highly sensitive method for Alternaria toxins residues analysis in food. Sample pretreatment is not only an important part but also a bottleneck in the process of residue analysis. This article reviewed the sample pretreatment technology of Alternaria toxins in food, specifically focusing on the application of QuEChERs, dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction, molecular imprinting solid phase extraction, and direct dilution method in Alternaria toxins extraction, as well as the applications of solid-phase extraction, dispersed solid-phase extraction, low- temperature freezing, and liquid-liquid distribution in the purification process of Alternaria toxins in food matrices. The advantages and disadvantages of different extraction and purification technologies were summarized. The advantages and limitations of existing pre-treatment technologies were analyzed. The development prospects of pre-treatment technologies were discussed, such as preparing new molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction materials and purification materials with good performance and establishing an integrated detection system for extracting and analyzing Alternaria toxins in food.

Condensation repression by isotope selective laser activation (CRISLA) is a promising laser isotope separation (LIS) method，which has the ability to separate a wide range of isotopes. The flow field within the separation device has an impact on the separation performance. The flow in the separation device under different conditions was modelled and simulated by computational fluid dynamics software. Based on the simulation results，the effect of nozzle structure on the flow was analysed. The results showed that the throat diameter is the most important nozzle structure factor affecting the temperature of the flow, and the length of the nozzle expansion section affected the temperature of the flow more significantly in the nozzles with a throat diameter of 3 mm or less; For nozzles with a throat diameter of 35 mm, the low-temperature region of the supersonic flow is easily formed outside the nozzle，for nozzles with a throat diameter of 2 mm or less, it is necessary to optimize the length and angle of the nozzle expansion section to obtain an ideal flow field. Finally, the article provides several nozzles that can form ideal flow fields, providing some reference for future experimental researches.

Objective: In order to increase the added value of crayfish by-products. Methods: With chromatographic peaks and peak areas as the inspection indicators, the optimization on equilibrium time, addition of sodium chloride, extraction time and extraction temperature were optimized, and the composition of volatile flavor compounds was analyzed. Results: The optimal extraction conditions were equilibrium time 0 min, extraction temperature 75 ℃, extraction time 50 min, addition of sodium chloride 30% with 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS solid phase microextraction head. Under these conditions, a total of 34 volatile flavor compounds, including 5 alcohols, 12 aldehydes, 5 alkanes, 5 aromatic, 5 heterocyclic compounds and 2 esters, were detected in the crayfish boiled liquid. The total peak area was 5.54×108, and the comprehensive score was 95.47. The relative error between the experimental results and the predicted value was 4.53%. Conclusion: The 34 volatile flavor compounds can be extracted from the crayfish boiled liquid by headspace solid phase microextraction.

To meet the requirements of automatic production, a new type of green BAl88Si cored solder was developed. The lap brazing experiments were carried out with copper and aluminum as brazing substrates. The microstructure, phase composition, and corrosion behavior of solder joint interface were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron backscattering diffraction, tensile testing machine, and electrochemical workstation. The results show that the brazing joint of Cu/BAl88Si/Al is metallurgical bonding, and the brazing joint of Cu/BAl88Si/Al is composed of Cu9Al4, CuAl2, a-Al, (CuAl2 + a-Al + Si) ternary eutectic. In addition, there is no obvious preference for each grain in the brazing joint, and there are S texture {123}, Copper texture {112}, and Brass texture {110}. The interface of Cu9Al4/CuAl2 is a non-coherent crystal plane and does not have good lattice matching. The average particle size of CuAl2 is 11.95 µm and that of Al is 28.3 µm. However, the kernel average misorientation (KAM) value at the brazed joint interface is obviously higher than that at the brazed joint interface copper, so the defect density at the brazed joint interface aluminum is higher than that at the brazed joint interface copper. At the same time, due to poor corrosion resistance at the interface on the aluminum side of the brazed joint, serious corrosion spots and corrosion cracks occur at the same time, which leads to the shear performance of the brazed joint decreasing by about 75% after salt spray test for 240 h.

Objective To explore the mechanism of miR-183 regulating mitochondrial autophagy in hypoxia/reoxygenated(H/R) hippocampal neurons. Methods The mouse hippocampal neuron HT-22 cells were collected and divided into control group, hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R) model group (HR group), miR-183 over-expression group (miR-183 mimics group), and negative control group (miR-183 NC group). The anoxia and reoxygenation models were established by the method of anoxia 3 h+reoxygenation for 12 h, miR-183 mimics group and miR-183 NC group were transfected with miR-183 mimics and miR-183 NC on the basis of HR group. The survival rate of HT-22 cells was measured by MTT method, the ultra structure of mitochondria was microscopied and the levels of miR-183 and mitochondrial autophagy related genes Bnip3l mRNA were detected by RT-qPCR; Western blot was used to detect the expression of autophagy related proteins Bnip3l, beclin-1, ubiquitin and LC3 binding protein p62 (p62), microtubule related protein light chain 3 (LC3-Ⅱ)/LC3-Ⅰ. The targeting relationship between miR-183 and Bnip3l was verified by double Luciferase Report. Results Compared with control group, the autophagy of membrane structure in HT-22 cells increased in HR group and miR-183nc group, and melanin remained after autophagy, cell survival rate, miR-183 and p62 protein expression were all decreased (P＜0.05), the expression of Bnip3l mRNA and protein, beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-Ⅱ(LC3-Ⅱ)/LC3-Ⅰ proteins all increased(P＜0.05); In the miR-183 mimics group, except for the reduced cell survival rate, all the above indicators were opposite to the HR group with statistical significance (P＜0.05). Compared with miR-183 NC+ Bnip3l-3′UTR-WT group, the activity of luciferase in miR-183 mimics + Bnip3l-3′UTR-WT group decreased(P＜0.05). Conclusions The over-expression of miR-183 can target at inhibiting the expression of Bnip3l mRNA, the mitochondrial autophagy of HT-22 cells, and thus aggravate the damage of HT-22 cells caused by H/R.

In this article, environmental friendly BAg25Cu40Zn34Sn (BAg-25) and BAg30Cu37Zn32Sn (BAg-30) flux-core solder metal capable of facilitating automatic production of brazing manufacturing processes were prepared. The butt and lap induction brazing tests were carried out on the substrate with BAg-25 and BAg-30. Wettability, microstructure and mechanical properties of the solders on the base metal were studied by field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDS), electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD), tensile testing machine and microhardness tester. Results indicated that the wetting property of BAg-30 with 30% silver content was better than that of BAg-25 with 25% silver content. At the same time, besides copper and silver-based solid solutions, the brazed joint of BAg-30 solder also contain Cu + Ag eutectic phase. In the brazed joint of BAg-25 solder, the grain size is smaller, which makes the tensile strength and the shear strength of the joints better. Therefore, the BAg-25 flux-core solder metal will further reduce the industrial cost and meet the requirements of mechanical properties.

The structure design of the unmanned air vehicle(UAV) with multiple rotors is an important process for UAV development. The structure optimization design method is the key for flight safety and performance. A heavy-duty quad-rotor UAV is designed according to the performance requirements that is foldable, light weight, high strength and 10 kg’s effective payload. The finite element model of the quad-rotor structure is established. Static and buckling analysis of the UAV arm and central plate are carried out based on the actual loading cases. The layer structures of the arm and central plate are optimized. The strength, stiffness and stability of the UAV are verified. An UAV static test platform is built, and the structure static loading test is completed. Results show that compared with the initial layout of the layer structures, the weight of the arms drops by 43%, and the weight of the central plate drops by 35%. The weight of the UAV structure drops by 560 grams. The lowest weight requirement is achieved. The strain relative error between the test value and the analysis value is less than 15%. The reliability of the UAV finite element model and the optimized layer structures are verified.

After the reinforcement and repair of the Shangmaji weir in Wanyao Irrigation District of Jiangshan City in 2014, the results of the repair did not improve much. The surface layer of the weir fell off, these not only affected the drainage function of the weir, but also the appearance was different from what is now advocated “Green ecology” is incompatible. This paper analyzes the causes of damage to this problem, and obtains two solutions: drilling, grouting, vertical paving, and to extend the width of receiving water step. After adopting the research programme, the degree of shedding of pebbles is greatly reduced, and the strength of the weir is significantly increased.