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Your search keyword '"Loh, Elizabeth H."' showing total 21 results
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21 results on '"Loh, Elizabeth H."'

1. Targeting Transmission Pathways for Emerging Zoonotic Disease Surveillance and Control

Author

Loh, Elizabeth H, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos, Olival, Kevin J, Bogich, Tiffany L, Johnson, Christine K, Mazet, Jonna AK, Karesh, William, and Daszak, Peter

Subjects
2.4 Surveillance and distribution, Aetiology, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Agriculture, Animals, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Demography, Disease Reservoirs, Environment, Epidemiological Monitoring, Humans, Public Health, Travel, Zoonoses, Surveillance, Transmission routes, Pathway, Direct contact, Vector-borne, Virus, Zoonosis, Public Health and Health Services, Tropical Medicine
Abstract

We used literature searches and a database of all reported emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) to analyze the most important transmission pathways (e.g., vector-borne, aerosol droplet transmitted) for emerging zoonoses. Our results suggest that at the broad scale, the likelihood of transmission occurring through any one pathway is approximately equal. However, the major transmission pathways for zoonoses differ widely according to the specific underlying drivers of EID events (e.g., land-use change, agricultural intensification). These results can be used to develop better targeting of surveillance for, and more effective control of newly emerged zoonoses in regions under different underlying pressures that drive disease emergence.

Published
2015

2. Emerging Diseases from Animals

Author

Machalaba, Catherine C., Loh, Elizabeth H., Daszak, Peter, Karesh, William B., Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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3. Ecology of zoonoses: natural and unnatural histories

Author

Karesh, William B, Dobson, Andy, Lloyd-Smith, James O, Lubroth, Juan, Dixon, Matthew A, Bennett, Malcolm, Aldrich, Stephen, Harrington, Todd, Formenty, Pierre, Loh, Elizabeth H, Machalaba, Catherine C, Thomas, Mathew Jason, and Heymann, David L

Subjects
Prevention, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Biotechnology, Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Related, Biodefense, Aetiology, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, Animals, Domestic, Animals, Wild, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Ecosystem, Extraction and Processing Industry, Food Supply, HIV Infections, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype, Influenza, Human, Pandemics, Risk Factors, Zoonoses, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Abstract

More than 60% of human infectious diseases are caused by pathogens shared with wild or domestic animals. Zoonotic disease organisms include those that are endemic in human populations or enzootic in animal populations with frequent cross-species transmission to people. Some of these diseases have only emerged recently. Together, these organisms are responsible for a substantial burden of disease, with endemic and enzootic zoonoses causing about a billion cases of illness in people and millions of deaths every year. Emerging zoonoses are a growing threat to global health and have caused hundreds of billions of US dollars of economic damage in the past 20 years. We aimed to review how zoonotic diseases result from natural pathogen ecology, and how other circumstances, such as animal production, extraction of natural resources, and antimicrobial application change the dynamics of disease exposure to human beings. In view of present anthropogenic trends, a more effective approach to zoonotic disease prevention and control will require a broad view of medicine that emphasises evidence-based decision making and integrates ecological and evolutionary principles of animal, human, and environmental factors. This broad view is essential for the successful development of policies and practices that reduce probability of future zoonotic emergence, targeted surveillance and strategic prevention, and engagement of partners outside the medical community to help improve health outcomes and reduce disease threats.

Published
2012

4. Prevalence of bat viruses associated with land-use change in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Author

Loh, Elizabeth H., primary, Nava, Alessandra, additional, Murray, Kris A., additional, Olival, Kevin J., additional, Guimarães, Moisés, additional, Shimabukuro, Juliana, additional, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos, additional, Fonseca, Fernanda R., additional, de Oliveira, Daniele Bruna Leal, additional, Campos, Angélica Cristine de Almeida, additional, Durigon, Edison L., additional, Ferreira, Fernando, additional, Struebig, Matthew J., additional, and Daszak, Peter, additional

Published
2022
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5. Wildlife: The Need to Better Understand the Linkages

Author

Rostal, Melinda K., Olival, Kevin J., Loh, Elizabeth H., Karesh, William B., Compans, Richard W, Series editor, Cooper, Max D., Series editor, Gleba, Yuri Y., Series editor, Honjo, Tasuku, Series editor, Melchers, Fritz, Series editor, Oldstone, Michael B. A., Series editor, Vogt, Peter K., Series editor, Malissen, Bernard, Series editor, Aktories, Klaus, Series editor, Kawaoka, Yoshihiro, Series editor, Rappuoli, Rino, Series editor, Galan, Jorge E., Series editor, Mackenzie, John S., editor, Jeggo, Martyn, editor, Daszak, Peter, editor, and Richt, Juergen A., editor

Published
2013
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6. Prevalence of bat viruses associated with land-use change in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Author

Loh, Elizabeth H., Nava, Alessandra, Murray, Kris A., Olival, Kevin J., Guimarães, Moisés, Shimabukuro, Juliana, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos, Fonseca, Fernanda R., de Oliveira, Daniele Bruna Leal, Campos, Angélica Cristine de Almeida, Durigon, Edison L., Ferreira, Fernando, Struebig, Matthew J., Daszak, Peter, Loh, Elizabeth H., Nava, Alessandra, Murray, Kris A., Olival, Kevin J., Guimarães, Moisés, Shimabukuro, Juliana, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos, Fonseca, Fernanda R., de Oliveira, Daniele Bruna Leal, Campos, Angélica Cristine de Almeida, Durigon, Edison L., Ferreira, Fernando, Struebig, Matthew J., and Daszak, Peter

Abstract

Introduction: Bats are critical to maintaining healthy ecosystems and many species are threatened primarily due to global habitat loss. Bats are also important hosts of a range of viruses, several of which have had significant impacts on global public health. The emergence of these viruses has been associated with land-use change and decreased host species richness. Yet, few studies have assessed how bat communities and the viruses they host alter with land-use change, particularly in highly biodiverse sites. Methods: In this study, we investigate the effects of deforestation on bat host species richness and diversity, and viral prevalence and richness across five forested sites and three nearby deforested sites in the interior Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil. Nested-PCR and qPCR were used to amplify and detect viral genetic sequence from six viral families (corona-, adeno-, herpes-, hanta-, paramyxo-, and astro-viridae) in 944 blood, saliva and rectal samples collected from 335 bats. Results: We found that deforested sites had a less diverse bat community than forested sites, but higher viral prevalence and richness after controlling for confounding factors. Viral detection was more likely in juvenile males located in deforested sites. Interestingly, we also found a significant effect of host bat species on viral prevalence indicating that viral taxa were detected more frequently in some species than others. In particular, viruses from the Coronaviridae family were detected more frequently in generalist species compared to specialist species. Discussion: Our findings suggest that deforestation may drive changes in the ecosystem which reduce bat host diversity while increasing the abundance of generalist species which host a wider range of viruses.

Published
2022

8. Ecological Approaches to Studying Zoonoses

Author

Loh, Elizabeth H., primary, Murray, Kris A., additional, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos, additional, Hosseini, Parviez R., additional, Rostal, Melinda K., additional, Karesh, William B., additional, and Daszak, Peter, additional

Published
2014
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10. Ecological Approaches to Studying Zoonoses

Author

Loh, Elizabeth H., primary, Murray, Kris A., additional, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos, additional, Hosseini, Parviez R., additional, Rostal, Melinda K., additional, Karesh, William B., additional, and Daszak, Peter, additional

Published
2013
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12. The Seeds of Modern Threats

Author

Renner, Michael, Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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13. Childhood’s End

Author

Prugh, Tom, Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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14. Migration as a Climate Adaptation Strategy

Author

Gemenne, François, Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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15. Mounting Losses of Agricultural Resources

Author

Gardner, Gary, Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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16. Energy, Credit, and the End of Growth

Author

Hagens, Nathan John, Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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17. Whose Arctic Is It?

Author

Exner-Pirot, Heather, Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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18. Avoiding Stranded Assets

Author

Caldecott, Ben, Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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19. The Trouble with Growth

Author

Victor, Peter A., Jackson, Tim, Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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20. The Oceans: Resilience at Risk

Author

Auth, Katie, Gardner, Gary, Editor, Prugh, Tom, Editor, Renner, Michael, Editor, Auth, Katie, Editor, Caldecott, Ben, Editor, Daszak, Peter, Editor, Exner-Pirot, Heather, Editor, Gemenne, François, Editor, Hagens, Nathan John, Editor, Jackson, Tim, Editor, Karesh, William B., Editor, Loh, Elizabeth H., Editor, Machalaba, Catherine C., Editor, Rapier, Robert, Editor, and Victor, Peter A., Editor

Published
2015
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21. Targeting Transmission Pathways for Emerging Zoonotic Disease Surveillance and Control.

Author

Loh EH, Zambrana-Torrelio C, Olival KJ, Bogich TL, Johnson CK, Mazet JA, Karesh W, and Daszak P

Subjects
Agriculture, Animals, Communicable Diseases, Emerging epidemiology, Communicable Diseases, Emerging prevention & control, Demography, Disease Reservoirs, Environment, Epidemiological Monitoring, Humans, Public Health, Travel, Zoonoses epidemiology, Zoonoses prevention & control, Communicable Diseases, Emerging transmission, Zoonoses transmission
Abstract

We used literature searches and a database of all reported emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) to analyze the most important transmission pathways (e.g., vector-borne, aerosol droplet transmitted) for emerging zoonoses. Our results suggest that at the broad scale, the likelihood of transmission occurring through any one pathway is approximately equal. However, the major transmission pathways for zoonoses differ widely according to the specific underlying drivers of EID events (e.g., land-use change, agricultural intensification). These results can be used to develop better targeting of surveillance for, and more effective control of newly emerged zoonoses in regions under different underlying pressures that drive disease emergence.

Published
2015
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